Commit 77720e30aa

Cody Tapscott <topolarity@tapscott.me>
2022-09-15 02:38:08
Re-factor: Change AstGen.ResultLoc to be a struct
This re-factor is intended to make it easier to track what kind of operator/expression consumes a result location, without overloading the ResultLoc union for this purpose. This is used in the following commit to keep track of initializer expressions of `const` variables to avoid popping error traces pre-maturely. Hopefully this will also be useful for implementing RLS temporaries in the future.
1 parent 724d753
Changed files (2)
src
test
behavior
src/AstGen.zig
@@ -213,127 +213,145 @@ pub fn deinit(astgen: *AstGen, gpa: Allocator) void {
     astgen.ref_table.deinit(gpa);
 }
 
-pub const ResultLoc = union(enum) {
-    /// The expression is the right-hand side of assignment to `_`. Only the side-effects of the
-    /// expression should be generated. The result instruction from the expression must
-    /// be ignored.
-    discard,
-    /// The expression has an inferred type, and it will be evaluated as an rvalue.
-    none,
-    /// The expression must generate a pointer rather than a value. For example, the left hand side
-    /// of an assignment uses this kind of result location.
-    ref,
-    /// Exactly like `none`, except also indicates this is an error-handling expr (try/catch/return etc.)
-    catch_none,
-    /// Exactly like `ref`, except also indicates this is an error-handling expr (try/catch/return etc.)
-    catch_ref,
-    /// The expression will be coerced into this type, but it will be evaluated as an rvalue.
-    ty: Zir.Inst.Ref,
-    /// Same as `ty` but for shift operands.
-    ty_shift_operand: Zir.Inst.Ref,
-    /// Same as `ty` but it is guaranteed that Sema will additionally perform the coercion,
-    /// so no `as` instruction needs to be emitted.
-    coerced_ty: Zir.Inst.Ref,
-    /// The expression must store its result into this typed pointer. The result instruction
-    /// from the expression must be ignored.
-    ptr: PtrResultLoc,
-    /// The expression must store its result into this allocation, which has an inferred type.
-    /// The result instruction from the expression must be ignored.
-    /// Always an instruction with tag `alloc_inferred`.
-    inferred_ptr: Zir.Inst.Ref,
-    /// There is a pointer for the expression to store its result into, however, its type
-    /// is inferred based on peer type resolution for a `Zir.Inst.Block`.
-    /// The result instruction from the expression must be ignored.
-    block_ptr: *GenZir,
-
-    const PtrResultLoc = struct {
-        inst: Zir.Inst.Ref,
-        src_node: ?Ast.Node.Index = null,
-    };
+pub const ResultInfo = struct {
+    /// The semantics requested for the result location
+    rl: Loc,
 
-    pub const Strategy = struct {
-        elide_store_to_block_ptr_instructions: bool,
-        tag: Tag,
-
-        pub const Tag = enum {
-            /// Both branches will use break_void; result location is used to communicate the
-            /// result instruction.
-            break_void,
-            /// Use break statements to pass the block result value, and call rvalue() at
-            /// the end depending on rl. Also elide the store_to_block_ptr instructions
-            /// depending on rl.
-            break_operand,
-        };
-    };
+    /// The "operator" consuming the result location
+    ctx: Context = .none,
 
-    fn strategy(rl: ResultLoc, block_scope: *GenZir) Strategy {
-        switch (rl) {
-            // In this branch there will not be any store_to_block_ptr instructions.
-            .none, .catch_none, .ty, .ty_shift_operand, .coerced_ty, .ref, .catch_ref => return .{
-                .tag = .break_operand,
-                .elide_store_to_block_ptr_instructions = false,
-            },
-            .discard => return .{
-                .tag = .break_void,
-                .elide_store_to_block_ptr_instructions = false,
-            },
-            // The pointer got passed through to the sub-expressions, so we will use
-            // break_void here.
-            // In this branch there will not be any store_to_block_ptr instructions.
-            .ptr => return .{
-                .tag = .break_void,
-                .elide_store_to_block_ptr_instructions = false,
+    /// Turns a `coerced_ty` back into a `ty`. Should be called at branch points
+    /// such as if and switch expressions.
+    fn br(ri: ResultInfo) ResultInfo {
+        return switch (ri.rl) {
+            .coerced_ty => |ty| .{
+                .rl = .{ .ty = ty },
+                .ctx = ri.ctx,
             },
-            .inferred_ptr, .block_ptr => {
-                if (block_scope.rvalue_rl_count == block_scope.break_count) {
-                    // Neither prong of the if consumed the result location, so we can
-                    // use break instructions to create an rvalue.
-                    return .{
-                        .tag = .break_operand,
-                        .elide_store_to_block_ptr_instructions = true,
-                    };
-                } else {
-                    // Allow the store_to_block_ptr instructions to remain so that
-                    // semantic analysis can turn them into bitcasts.
-                    return .{
-                        .tag = .break_void,
-                        .elide_store_to_block_ptr_instructions = false,
-                    };
-                }
+            else => ri,
+        };
+    }
+
+    fn zirTag(ri: ResultInfo) Zir.Inst.Tag {
+        switch (ri.rl) {
+            .ty => return switch (ri.ctx) {
+                .shift_op => .as_shift_operand,
+                else => .as_node,
             },
+            else => unreachable,
         }
     }
 
-    /// Turns a `coerced_ty` back into a `ty`. Should be called at branch points
-    /// such as if and switch expressions.
-    fn br(rl: ResultLoc) ResultLoc {
-        return switch (rl) {
-            .coerced_ty => |ty| .{ .ty = ty },
-            else => rl,
+    pub const Loc = union(enum) {
+        /// The expression is the right-hand side of assignment to `_`. Only the side-effects of the
+        /// expression should be generated. The result instruction from the expression must
+        /// be ignored.
+        discard,
+        /// The expression has an inferred type, and it will be evaluated as an rvalue.
+        none,
+        /// The expression must generate a pointer rather than a value. For example, the left hand side
+        /// of an assignment uses this kind of result location.
+        ref,
+        /// The expression will be coerced into this type, but it will be evaluated as an rvalue.
+        ty: Zir.Inst.Ref,
+        /// Same as `ty` but it is guaranteed that Sema will additionally perform the coercion,
+        /// so no `as` instruction needs to be emitted.
+        coerced_ty: Zir.Inst.Ref,
+        /// The expression must store its result into this typed pointer. The result instruction
+        /// from the expression must be ignored.
+        ptr: PtrResultLoc,
+        /// The expression must store its result into this allocation, which has an inferred type.
+        /// The result instruction from the expression must be ignored.
+        /// Always an instruction with tag `alloc_inferred`.
+        inferred_ptr: Zir.Inst.Ref,
+        /// There is a pointer for the expression to store its result into, however, its type
+        /// is inferred based on peer type resolution for a `Zir.Inst.Block`.
+        /// The result instruction from the expression must be ignored.
+        block_ptr: *GenZir,
+
+        const PtrResultLoc = struct {
+            inst: Zir.Inst.Ref,
+            src_node: ?Ast.Node.Index = null,
         };
-    }
 
-    fn zirTag(rl: ResultLoc) Zir.Inst.Tag {
-        return switch (rl) {
-            .ty => .as_node,
-            .ty_shift_operand => .as_shift_operand,
-            else => unreachable,
+        pub const Strategy = struct {
+            elide_store_to_block_ptr_instructions: bool,
+            tag: Tag,
+
+            pub const Tag = enum {
+                /// Both branches will use break_void; result location is used to communicate the
+                /// result instruction.
+                break_void,
+                /// Use break statements to pass the block result value, and call rvalue() at
+                /// the end depending on rl. Also elide the store_to_block_ptr instructions
+                /// depending on rl.
+                break_operand,
+            };
         };
-    }
+
+        fn strategy(rl: Loc, block_scope: *GenZir) Strategy {
+            switch (rl) {
+                // In this branch there will not be any store_to_block_ptr instructions.
+                .none, .ty, .coerced_ty, .ref => return .{
+                    .tag = .break_operand,
+                    .elide_store_to_block_ptr_instructions = false,
+                },
+                .discard => return .{
+                    .tag = .break_void,
+                    .elide_store_to_block_ptr_instructions = false,
+                },
+                // The pointer got passed through to the sub-expressions, so we will use
+                // break_void here.
+                // In this branch there will not be any store_to_block_ptr instructions.
+                .ptr => return .{
+                    .tag = .break_void,
+                    .elide_store_to_block_ptr_instructions = false,
+                },
+                .inferred_ptr, .block_ptr => {
+                    if (block_scope.rvalue_rl_count == block_scope.break_count) {
+                        // Neither prong of the if consumed the result location, so we can
+                        // use break instructions to create an rvalue.
+                        return .{
+                            .tag = .break_operand,
+                            .elide_store_to_block_ptr_instructions = true,
+                        };
+                    } else {
+                        // Allow the store_to_block_ptr instructions to remain so that
+                        // semantic analysis can turn them into bitcasts.
+                        return .{
+                            .tag = .break_void,
+                            .elide_store_to_block_ptr_instructions = false,
+                        };
+                    }
+                },
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
+    pub const Context = enum {
+        /// The expression is the operand to a return expression.
+        @"return",
+        /// The expression is the input to an error-handling operator (if-else, try, or catch).
+        error_handling_expr,
+        /// The expression is the right-hand side of a shift operation.
+        shift_op,
+        /// No specific operator in particular.
+        none,
+    };
 };
 
-pub const align_rl: ResultLoc = .{ .ty = .u29_type };
-pub const coerced_align_rl: ResultLoc = .{ .coerced_ty = .u29_type };
-pub const bool_rl: ResultLoc = .{ .ty = .bool_type };
-pub const type_rl: ResultLoc = .{ .ty = .type_type };
-pub const coerced_type_rl: ResultLoc = .{ .coerced_ty = .type_type };
+pub const align_ri: ResultInfo = .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .u29_type } };
+pub const coerced_align_ri: ResultInfo = .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .u29_type } };
+pub const bool_ri: ResultInfo = .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .bool_type } };
+pub const type_ri: ResultInfo = .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .type_type } };
+pub const coerced_type_ri: ResultInfo = .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .type_type } };
 
 fn typeExpr(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, type_node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const prev_force_comptime = gz.force_comptime;
     gz.force_comptime = true;
     defer gz.force_comptime = prev_force_comptime;
 
-    return expr(gz, scope, coerced_type_rl, type_node);
+    return expr(gz, scope, coerced_type_ri, type_node);
 }
 
 fn reachableTypeExpr(
@@ -346,24 +364,24 @@ fn reachableTypeExpr(
     gz.force_comptime = true;
     defer gz.force_comptime = prev_force_comptime;
 
-    return reachableExpr(gz, scope, coerced_type_rl, type_node, reachable_node);
+    return reachableExpr(gz, scope, coerced_type_ri, type_node, reachable_node);
 }
 
 /// Same as `expr` but fails with a compile error if the result type is `noreturn`.
 fn reachableExpr(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     reachable_node: Ast.Node.Index,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
-    return reachableExprComptime(gz, scope, rl, node, reachable_node, false);
+    return reachableExprComptime(gz, scope, ri, node, reachable_node, false);
 }
 
 fn reachableExprComptime(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     reachable_node: Ast.Node.Index,
     force_comptime: bool,
@@ -372,7 +390,7 @@ fn reachableExprComptime(
     gz.force_comptime = prev_force_comptime or force_comptime;
     defer gz.force_comptime = prev_force_comptime;
 
-    const result_inst = try expr(gz, scope, rl, node);
+    const result_inst = try expr(gz, scope, ri, node);
     if (gz.refIsNoReturn(result_inst)) {
         try gz.astgen.appendErrorNodeNotes(reachable_node, "unreachable code", .{}, &[_]u32{
             try gz.astgen.errNoteNode(node, "control flow is diverted here", .{}),
@@ -573,14 +591,14 @@ fn lvalExpr(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerError!Zir.Ins
         .@"orelse",
         => {},
     }
-    return expr(gz, scope, .ref, node);
+    return expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .ref }, node);
 }
 
 /// Turn Zig AST into untyped ZIR instructions.
 /// When `rl` is discard, ptr, inferred_ptr, or inferred_ptr, the
 /// result instruction can be used to inspect whether it is isNoReturn() but that is it,
 /// it must otherwise not be used.
-fn expr(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, rl: ResultLoc, node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
+fn expr(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, ri: ResultInfo, node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const astgen = gz.astgen;
     const tree = astgen.tree;
     const main_tokens = tree.nodes.items(.main_token);
@@ -621,161 +639,161 @@ fn expr(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, rl: ResultLoc, node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerEr
 
         .assign => {
             try assign(gz, scope, node);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, .void_value, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, .void_value, node);
         },
 
         .assign_shl => {
             try assignShift(gz, scope, node, .shl);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, .void_value, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, .void_value, node);
         },
         .assign_shl_sat => {
             try assignShiftSat(gz, scope, node);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, .void_value, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, .void_value, node);
         },
         .assign_shr => {
             try assignShift(gz, scope, node, .shr);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, .void_value, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, .void_value, node);
         },
 
         .assign_bit_and => {
             try assignOp(gz, scope, node, .bit_and);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, .void_value, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, .void_value, node);
         },
         .assign_bit_or => {
             try assignOp(gz, scope, node, .bit_or);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, .void_value, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, .void_value, node);
         },
         .assign_bit_xor => {
             try assignOp(gz, scope, node, .xor);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, .void_value, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, .void_value, node);
         },
         .assign_div => {
             try assignOp(gz, scope, node, .div);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, .void_value, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, .void_value, node);
         },
         .assign_sub => {
             try assignOp(gz, scope, node, .sub);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, .void_value, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, .void_value, node);
         },
         .assign_sub_wrap => {
             try assignOp(gz, scope, node, .subwrap);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, .void_value, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, .void_value, node);
         },
         .assign_sub_sat => {
             try assignOp(gz, scope, node, .sub_sat);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, .void_value, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, .void_value, node);
         },
         .assign_mod => {
             try assignOp(gz, scope, node, .mod_rem);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, .void_value, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, .void_value, node);
         },
         .assign_add => {
             try assignOp(gz, scope, node, .add);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, .void_value, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, .void_value, node);
         },
         .assign_add_wrap => {
             try assignOp(gz, scope, node, .addwrap);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, .void_value, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, .void_value, node);
         },
         .assign_add_sat => {
             try assignOp(gz, scope, node, .add_sat);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, .void_value, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, .void_value, node);
         },
         .assign_mul => {
             try assignOp(gz, scope, node, .mul);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, .void_value, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, .void_value, node);
         },
         .assign_mul_wrap => {
             try assignOp(gz, scope, node, .mulwrap);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, .void_value, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, .void_value, node);
         },
         .assign_mul_sat => {
             try assignOp(gz, scope, node, .mul_sat);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, .void_value, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, .void_value, node);
         },
 
         // zig fmt: off
-        .shl => return shiftOp(gz, scope, rl, node, node_datas[node].lhs, node_datas[node].rhs, .shl),
-        .shr => return shiftOp(gz, scope, rl, node, node_datas[node].lhs, node_datas[node].rhs, .shr),
-
-        .add      => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .add),
-        .add_wrap => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .addwrap),
-        .add_sat  => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .add_sat),
-        .sub      => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .sub),
-        .sub_wrap => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .subwrap),
-        .sub_sat  => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .sub_sat),
-        .mul      => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .mul),
-        .mul_wrap => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .mulwrap),
-        .mul_sat  => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .mul_sat),
-        .div      => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .div),
-        .mod      => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .mod_rem),
-        .shl_sat  => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .shl_sat),
-
-        .bit_and          => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .bit_and),
-        .bit_or           => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .bit_or),
-        .bit_xor          => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .xor),
-        .bang_equal       => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .cmp_neq),
-        .equal_equal      => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .cmp_eq),
-        .greater_than     => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .cmp_gt),
-        .greater_or_equal => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .cmp_gte),
-        .less_than        => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .cmp_lt),
-        .less_or_equal    => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .cmp_lte),
-        .array_cat        => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .array_cat),
+        .shl => return shiftOp(gz, scope, ri, node, node_datas[node].lhs, node_datas[node].rhs, .shl),
+        .shr => return shiftOp(gz, scope, ri, node, node_datas[node].lhs, node_datas[node].rhs, .shr),
+
+        .add      => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .add),
+        .add_wrap => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .addwrap),
+        .add_sat  => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .add_sat),
+        .sub      => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .sub),
+        .sub_wrap => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .subwrap),
+        .sub_sat  => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .sub_sat),
+        .mul      => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .mul),
+        .mul_wrap => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .mulwrap),
+        .mul_sat  => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .mul_sat),
+        .div      => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .div),
+        .mod      => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .mod_rem),
+        .shl_sat  => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .shl_sat),
+
+        .bit_and          => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .bit_and),
+        .bit_or           => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .bit_or),
+        .bit_xor          => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .xor),
+        .bang_equal       => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .cmp_neq),
+        .equal_equal      => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .cmp_eq),
+        .greater_than     => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .cmp_gt),
+        .greater_or_equal => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .cmp_gte),
+        .less_than        => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .cmp_lt),
+        .less_or_equal    => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .cmp_lte),
+        .array_cat        => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .array_cat),
 
         .array_mult => {
             const result = try gz.addPlNode(.array_mul, node, Zir.Inst.Bin{
-                .lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .none, node_datas[node].lhs),
-                .rhs = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .usize_type }, node_datas[node].rhs),
+                .lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, node_datas[node].lhs),
+                .rhs = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .usize_type } }, node_datas[node].rhs),
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
 
-        .error_union      => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .error_union_type),
-        .merge_error_sets => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .merge_error_sets),
+        .error_union      => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .error_union_type),
+        .merge_error_sets => return simpleBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .merge_error_sets),
 
-        .bool_and => return boolBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .bool_br_and),
-        .bool_or  => return boolBinOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .bool_br_or),
+        .bool_and => return boolBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .bool_br_and),
+        .bool_or  => return boolBinOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .bool_br_or),
 
-        .bool_not => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, bool_rl, node_datas[node].lhs, .bool_not),
-        .bit_not  => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .none, node_datas[node].lhs, .bit_not),
+        .bool_not => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, bool_ri, node_datas[node].lhs, .bool_not),
+        .bit_not  => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .none }, node_datas[node].lhs, .bit_not),
 
-        .negation      => return   negation(gz, scope, rl, node),
-        .negation_wrap => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .none, node_datas[node].lhs, .negate_wrap),
+        .negation      => return   negation(gz, scope, ri, node),
+        .negation_wrap => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .none }, node_datas[node].lhs, .negate_wrap),
 
-        .identifier => return identifier(gz, scope, rl, node),
+        .identifier => return identifier(gz, scope, ri, node),
 
-        .asm_simple => return asmExpr(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.asmSimple(node)),
-        .@"asm"     => return asmExpr(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.asmFull(node)),
+        .asm_simple => return asmExpr(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.asmSimple(node)),
+        .@"asm"     => return asmExpr(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.asmFull(node)),
 
-        .string_literal           => return stringLiteral(gz, rl, node),
-        .multiline_string_literal => return multilineStringLiteral(gz, rl, node),
+        .string_literal           => return stringLiteral(gz, ri, node),
+        .multiline_string_literal => return multilineStringLiteral(gz, ri, node),
 
-        .number_literal => return numberLiteral(gz, rl, node, node, .positive),
+        .number_literal => return numberLiteral(gz, ri, node, node, .positive),
         // zig fmt: on
 
         .builtin_call_two, .builtin_call_two_comma => {
             if (node_datas[node].lhs == 0) {
                 const params = [_]Ast.Node.Index{};
-                return builtinCall(gz, scope, rl, node, &params);
+                return builtinCall(gz, scope, ri, node, &params);
             } else if (node_datas[node].rhs == 0) {
                 const params = [_]Ast.Node.Index{node_datas[node].lhs};
-                return builtinCall(gz, scope, rl, node, &params);
+                return builtinCall(gz, scope, ri, node, &params);
             } else {
                 const params = [_]Ast.Node.Index{ node_datas[node].lhs, node_datas[node].rhs };
-                return builtinCall(gz, scope, rl, node, &params);
+                return builtinCall(gz, scope, ri, node, &params);
             }
         },
         .builtin_call, .builtin_call_comma => {
             const params = tree.extra_data[node_datas[node].lhs..node_datas[node].rhs];
-            return builtinCall(gz, scope, rl, node, params);
+            return builtinCall(gz, scope, ri, node, params);
         },
 
         .call_one, .call_one_comma, .async_call_one, .async_call_one_comma => {
             var params: [1]Ast.Node.Index = undefined;
-            return callExpr(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.callOne(&params, node));
+            return callExpr(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.callOne(&params, node));
         },
         .call, .call_comma, .async_call, .async_call_comma => {
-            return callExpr(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.callFull(node));
+            return callExpr(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.callFull(node));
         },
 
         .unreachable_literal => {
@@ -790,112 +808,112 @@ fn expr(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, rl: ResultLoc, node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerEr
             return Zir.Inst.Ref.unreachable_value;
         },
         .@"return" => return ret(gz, scope, node),
-        .field_access => return fieldAccess(gz, scope, rl, node),
+        .field_access => return fieldAccess(gz, scope, ri, node),
 
-        .if_simple => return ifExpr(gz, scope, rl.br(), node, tree.ifSimple(node)),
-        .@"if" => return ifExpr(gz, scope, rl.br(), node, tree.ifFull(node)),
+        .if_simple => return ifExpr(gz, scope, ri.br(), node, tree.ifSimple(node)),
+        .@"if" => return ifExpr(gz, scope, ri.br(), node, tree.ifFull(node)),
 
-        .while_simple => return whileExpr(gz, scope, rl.br(), node, tree.whileSimple(node), false),
-        .while_cont => return whileExpr(gz, scope, rl.br(), node, tree.whileCont(node), false),
-        .@"while" => return whileExpr(gz, scope, rl.br(), node, tree.whileFull(node), false),
+        .while_simple => return whileExpr(gz, scope, ri.br(), node, tree.whileSimple(node), false),
+        .while_cont => return whileExpr(gz, scope, ri.br(), node, tree.whileCont(node), false),
+        .@"while" => return whileExpr(gz, scope, ri.br(), node, tree.whileFull(node), false),
 
-        .for_simple => return forExpr(gz, scope, rl.br(), node, tree.forSimple(node), false),
-        .@"for" => return forExpr(gz, scope, rl.br(), node, tree.forFull(node), false),
+        .for_simple => return forExpr(gz, scope, ri.br(), node, tree.forSimple(node), false),
+        .@"for" => return forExpr(gz, scope, ri.br(), node, tree.forFull(node), false),
 
         .slice_open => {
-            const lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .ref, node_datas[node].lhs);
-            const start = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .usize_type }, node_datas[node].rhs);
+            const lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .ref }, node_datas[node].lhs);
+            const start = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .usize_type } }, node_datas[node].rhs);
             const result = try gz.addPlNode(.slice_start, node, Zir.Inst.SliceStart{
                 .lhs = lhs,
                 .start = start,
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .slice => {
-            const lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .ref, node_datas[node].lhs);
+            const lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .ref }, node_datas[node].lhs);
             const extra = tree.extraData(node_datas[node].rhs, Ast.Node.Slice);
-            const start = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .usize_type }, extra.start);
-            const end = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .usize_type }, extra.end);
+            const start = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .usize_type } }, extra.start);
+            const end = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .usize_type } }, extra.end);
             const result = try gz.addPlNode(.slice_end, node, Zir.Inst.SliceEnd{
                 .lhs = lhs,
                 .start = start,
                 .end = end,
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .slice_sentinel => {
-            const lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .ref, node_datas[node].lhs);
+            const lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .ref }, node_datas[node].lhs);
             const extra = tree.extraData(node_datas[node].rhs, Ast.Node.SliceSentinel);
-            const start = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .usize_type }, extra.start);
-            const end = if (extra.end != 0) try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .usize_type }, extra.end) else .none;
-            const sentinel = try expr(gz, scope, .none, extra.sentinel);
+            const start = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .usize_type } }, extra.start);
+            const end = if (extra.end != 0) try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .usize_type } }, extra.end) else .none;
+            const sentinel = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, extra.sentinel);
             const result = try gz.addPlNode(.slice_sentinel, node, Zir.Inst.SliceSentinel{
                 .lhs = lhs,
                 .start = start,
                 .end = end,
                 .sentinel = sentinel,
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
 
         .deref => {
-            const lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .none, node_datas[node].lhs);
+            const lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, node_datas[node].lhs);
             _ = try gz.addUnNode(.validate_deref, lhs, node);
-            switch (rl) {
-                .ref, .catch_ref => return lhs,
+            switch (ri.rl) {
+                .ref => return lhs,
                 else => {
                     const result = try gz.addUnNode(.load, lhs, node);
-                    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+                    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
                 },
             }
         },
         .address_of => {
-            const result = try expr(gz, scope, .ref, node_datas[node].lhs);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            const result = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .ref }, node_datas[node].lhs);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .optional_type => {
             const operand = try typeExpr(gz, scope, node_datas[node].lhs);
             const result = try gz.addUnNode(.optional_type, operand, node);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
-        .unwrap_optional => switch (rl) {
-            .ref, .catch_ref => return gz.addUnNode(
+        .unwrap_optional => switch (ri.rl) {
+            .ref => return gz.addUnNode(
                 .optional_payload_safe_ptr,
-                try expr(gz, scope, .ref, node_datas[node].lhs),
+                try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .ref }, node_datas[node].lhs),
                 node,
             ),
-            else => return rvalue(gz, rl, try gz.addUnNode(
+            else => return rvalue(gz, ri, try gz.addUnNode(
                 .optional_payload_safe,
-                try expr(gz, scope, .none, node_datas[node].lhs),
+                try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, node_datas[node].lhs),
                 node,
             ), node),
         },
         .block_two, .block_two_semicolon => {
             const statements = [2]Ast.Node.Index{ node_datas[node].lhs, node_datas[node].rhs };
             if (node_datas[node].lhs == 0) {
-                return blockExpr(gz, scope, rl, node, statements[0..0]);
+                return blockExpr(gz, scope, ri, node, statements[0..0]);
             } else if (node_datas[node].rhs == 0) {
-                return blockExpr(gz, scope, rl, node, statements[0..1]);
+                return blockExpr(gz, scope, ri, node, statements[0..1]);
             } else {
-                return blockExpr(gz, scope, rl, node, statements[0..2]);
+                return blockExpr(gz, scope, ri, node, statements[0..2]);
             }
         },
         .block, .block_semicolon => {
             const statements = tree.extra_data[node_datas[node].lhs..node_datas[node].rhs];
-            return blockExpr(gz, scope, rl, node, statements);
+            return blockExpr(gz, scope, ri, node, statements);
         },
-        .enum_literal => return simpleStrTok(gz, rl, main_tokens[node], node, .enum_literal),
-        .error_value => return simpleStrTok(gz, rl, node_datas[node].rhs, node, .error_value),
+        .enum_literal => return simpleStrTok(gz, ri, main_tokens[node], node, .enum_literal),
+        .error_value => return simpleStrTok(gz, ri, node_datas[node].rhs, node, .error_value),
         // TODO restore this when implementing https://github.com/ziglang/zig/issues/6025
-        // .anyframe_literal => return rvalue(gz, rl, .anyframe_type, node),
+        // .anyframe_literal => return rvalue(gz, ri, .anyframe_type, node),
         .anyframe_literal => {
             const result = try gz.addUnNode(.anyframe_type, .void_type, node);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .anyframe_type => {
             const return_type = try typeExpr(gz, scope, node_datas[node].rhs);
             const result = try gz.addUnNode(.anyframe_type, return_type, node);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .@"catch" => {
             const catch_token = main_tokens[node];
@@ -903,11 +921,11 @@ fn expr(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, rl: ResultLoc, node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerEr
                 catch_token + 2
             else
                 null;
-            switch (rl) {
-                .ref, .catch_ref => return orelseCatchExpr(
+            switch (ri.rl) {
+                .ref => return orelseCatchExpr(
                     gz,
                     scope,
-                    rl,
+                    ri,
                     node,
                     node_datas[node].lhs,
                     .is_non_err_ptr,
@@ -919,7 +937,7 @@ fn expr(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, rl: ResultLoc, node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerEr
                 else => return orelseCatchExpr(
                     gz,
                     scope,
-                    rl,
+                    ri,
                     node,
                     node_datas[node].lhs,
                     .is_non_err,
@@ -930,11 +948,11 @@ fn expr(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, rl: ResultLoc, node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerEr
                 ),
             }
         },
-        .@"orelse" => switch (rl) {
-            .ref, .catch_ref => return orelseCatchExpr(
+        .@"orelse" => switch (ri.rl) {
+            .ref => return orelseCatchExpr(
                 gz,
                 scope,
-                rl,
+                ri,
                 node,
                 node_datas[node].lhs,
                 .is_non_null_ptr,
@@ -946,7 +964,7 @@ fn expr(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, rl: ResultLoc, node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerEr
             else => return orelseCatchExpr(
                 gz,
                 scope,
-                rl,
+                ri,
                 node,
                 node_datas[node].lhs,
                 .is_non_null,
@@ -957,94 +975,94 @@ fn expr(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, rl: ResultLoc, node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerEr
             ),
         },
 
-        .ptr_type_aligned => return ptrType(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.ptrTypeAligned(node)),
-        .ptr_type_sentinel => return ptrType(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.ptrTypeSentinel(node)),
-        .ptr_type => return ptrType(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.ptrType(node)),
-        .ptr_type_bit_range => return ptrType(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.ptrTypeBitRange(node)),
+        .ptr_type_aligned => return ptrType(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.ptrTypeAligned(node)),
+        .ptr_type_sentinel => return ptrType(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.ptrTypeSentinel(node)),
+        .ptr_type => return ptrType(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.ptrType(node)),
+        .ptr_type_bit_range => return ptrType(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.ptrTypeBitRange(node)),
 
         .container_decl,
         .container_decl_trailing,
-        => return containerDecl(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.containerDecl(node)),
+        => return containerDecl(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.containerDecl(node)),
         .container_decl_two, .container_decl_two_trailing => {
             var buffer: [2]Ast.Node.Index = undefined;
-            return containerDecl(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.containerDeclTwo(&buffer, node));
+            return containerDecl(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.containerDeclTwo(&buffer, node));
         },
         .container_decl_arg,
         .container_decl_arg_trailing,
-        => return containerDecl(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.containerDeclArg(node)),
+        => return containerDecl(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.containerDeclArg(node)),
 
         .tagged_union,
         .tagged_union_trailing,
-        => return containerDecl(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.taggedUnion(node)),
+        => return containerDecl(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.taggedUnion(node)),
         .tagged_union_two, .tagged_union_two_trailing => {
             var buffer: [2]Ast.Node.Index = undefined;
-            return containerDecl(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.taggedUnionTwo(&buffer, node));
+            return containerDecl(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.taggedUnionTwo(&buffer, node));
         },
         .tagged_union_enum_tag,
         .tagged_union_enum_tag_trailing,
-        => return containerDecl(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.taggedUnionEnumTag(node)),
+        => return containerDecl(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.taggedUnionEnumTag(node)),
 
         .@"break" => return breakExpr(gz, scope, node),
         .@"continue" => return continueExpr(gz, scope, node),
-        .grouped_expression => return expr(gz, scope, rl, node_datas[node].lhs),
-        .array_type => return arrayType(gz, scope, rl, node),
-        .array_type_sentinel => return arrayTypeSentinel(gz, scope, rl, node),
-        .char_literal => return charLiteral(gz, rl, node),
-        .error_set_decl => return errorSetDecl(gz, rl, node),
-        .array_access => return arrayAccess(gz, scope, rl, node),
-        .@"comptime" => return comptimeExprAst(gz, scope, rl, node),
-        .@"switch", .switch_comma => return switchExpr(gz, scope, rl.br(), node),
-
-        .@"nosuspend" => return nosuspendExpr(gz, scope, rl, node),
+        .grouped_expression => return expr(gz, scope, ri, node_datas[node].lhs),
+        .array_type => return arrayType(gz, scope, ri, node),
+        .array_type_sentinel => return arrayTypeSentinel(gz, scope, ri, node),
+        .char_literal => return charLiteral(gz, ri, node),
+        .error_set_decl => return errorSetDecl(gz, ri, node),
+        .array_access => return arrayAccess(gz, scope, ri, node),
+        .@"comptime" => return comptimeExprAst(gz, scope, ri, node),
+        .@"switch", .switch_comma => return switchExpr(gz, scope, ri.br(), node),
+
+        .@"nosuspend" => return nosuspendExpr(gz, scope, ri, node),
         .@"suspend" => return suspendExpr(gz, scope, node),
-        .@"await" => return awaitExpr(gz, scope, rl, node),
-        .@"resume" => return resumeExpr(gz, scope, rl, node),
+        .@"await" => return awaitExpr(gz, scope, ri, node),
+        .@"resume" => return resumeExpr(gz, scope, ri, node),
 
-        .@"try" => return tryExpr(gz, scope, rl, node, node_datas[node].lhs),
+        .@"try" => return tryExpr(gz, scope, ri, node, node_datas[node].lhs),
 
         .array_init_one, .array_init_one_comma => {
             var elements: [1]Ast.Node.Index = undefined;
-            return arrayInitExpr(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.arrayInitOne(&elements, node));
+            return arrayInitExpr(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.arrayInitOne(&elements, node));
         },
         .array_init_dot_two, .array_init_dot_two_comma => {
             var elements: [2]Ast.Node.Index = undefined;
-            return arrayInitExpr(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.arrayInitDotTwo(&elements, node));
+            return arrayInitExpr(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.arrayInitDotTwo(&elements, node));
         },
         .array_init_dot,
         .array_init_dot_comma,
-        => return arrayInitExpr(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.arrayInitDot(node)),
+        => return arrayInitExpr(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.arrayInitDot(node)),
         .array_init,
         .array_init_comma,
-        => return arrayInitExpr(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.arrayInit(node)),
+        => return arrayInitExpr(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.arrayInit(node)),
 
         .struct_init_one, .struct_init_one_comma => {
             var fields: [1]Ast.Node.Index = undefined;
-            return structInitExpr(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.structInitOne(&fields, node));
+            return structInitExpr(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.structInitOne(&fields, node));
         },
         .struct_init_dot_two, .struct_init_dot_two_comma => {
             var fields: [2]Ast.Node.Index = undefined;
-            return structInitExpr(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.structInitDotTwo(&fields, node));
+            return structInitExpr(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.structInitDotTwo(&fields, node));
         },
         .struct_init_dot,
         .struct_init_dot_comma,
-        => return structInitExpr(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.structInitDot(node)),
+        => return structInitExpr(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.structInitDot(node)),
         .struct_init,
         .struct_init_comma,
-        => return structInitExpr(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.structInit(node)),
+        => return structInitExpr(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.structInit(node)),
 
         .fn_proto_simple => {
             var params: [1]Ast.Node.Index = undefined;
-            return fnProtoExpr(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.fnProtoSimple(&params, node));
+            return fnProtoExpr(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.fnProtoSimple(&params, node));
         },
         .fn_proto_multi => {
-            return fnProtoExpr(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.fnProtoMulti(node));
+            return fnProtoExpr(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.fnProtoMulti(node));
         },
         .fn_proto_one => {
             var params: [1]Ast.Node.Index = undefined;
-            return fnProtoExpr(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.fnProtoOne(&params, node));
+            return fnProtoExpr(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.fnProtoOne(&params, node));
         },
         .fn_proto => {
-            return fnProtoExpr(gz, scope, rl, node, tree.fnProto(node));
+            return fnProtoExpr(gz, scope, ri, node, tree.fnProto(node));
         },
     }
 }
@@ -1052,7 +1070,7 @@ fn expr(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, rl: ResultLoc, node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerEr
 fn nosuspendExpr(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const astgen = gz.astgen;
@@ -1067,7 +1085,7 @@ fn nosuspendExpr(
     }
     gz.nosuspend_node = node;
     defer gz.nosuspend_node = 0;
-    return expr(gz, scope, rl, body_node);
+    return expr(gz, scope, ri, body_node);
 }
 
 fn suspendExpr(
@@ -1100,7 +1118,7 @@ fn suspendExpr(
     suspend_scope.suspend_node = node;
     defer suspend_scope.unstack();
 
-    const body_result = try expr(&suspend_scope, &suspend_scope.base, .none, body_node);
+    const body_result = try expr(&suspend_scope, &suspend_scope.base, .{ .rl = .none }, body_node);
     if (!gz.refIsNoReturn(body_result)) {
         _ = try suspend_scope.addBreak(.break_inline, suspend_inst, .void_value);
     }
@@ -1112,7 +1130,7 @@ fn suspendExpr(
 fn awaitExpr(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const astgen = gz.astgen;
@@ -1125,7 +1143,7 @@ fn awaitExpr(
             try astgen.errNoteNode(gz.suspend_node, "suspend block here", .{}),
         });
     }
-    const operand = try expr(gz, scope, .none, rhs_node);
+    const operand = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, rhs_node);
     const result = if (gz.nosuspend_node != 0)
         try gz.addExtendedPayload(.await_nosuspend, Zir.Inst.UnNode{
             .node = gz.nodeIndexToRelative(node),
@@ -1134,28 +1152,28 @@ fn awaitExpr(
     else
         try gz.addUnNode(.@"await", operand, node);
 
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
 }
 
 fn resumeExpr(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const astgen = gz.astgen;
     const tree = astgen.tree;
     const node_datas = tree.nodes.items(.data);
     const rhs_node = node_datas[node].lhs;
-    const operand = try expr(gz, scope, .none, rhs_node);
+    const operand = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, rhs_node);
     const result = try gz.addUnNode(.@"resume", operand, node);
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
 }
 
 fn fnProtoExpr(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     fn_proto: Ast.full.FnProto,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
@@ -1221,7 +1239,7 @@ fn fnProtoExpr(
                 assert(param_type_node != 0);
                 var param_gz = block_scope.makeSubBlock(scope);
                 defer param_gz.unstack();
-                const param_type = try expr(&param_gz, scope, coerced_type_rl, param_type_node);
+                const param_type = try expr(&param_gz, scope, coerced_type_ri, param_type_node);
                 const param_inst_expected = @intCast(u32, astgen.instructions.len + 1);
                 _ = try param_gz.addBreak(.break_inline, param_inst_expected, param_type);
                 const main_tokens = tree.nodes.items(.main_token);
@@ -1235,7 +1253,7 @@ fn fnProtoExpr(
     };
 
     const align_ref: Zir.Inst.Ref = if (fn_proto.ast.align_expr == 0) .none else inst: {
-        break :inst try expr(&block_scope, scope, align_rl, fn_proto.ast.align_expr);
+        break :inst try expr(&block_scope, scope, align_ri, fn_proto.ast.align_expr);
     };
 
     if (fn_proto.ast.addrspace_expr != 0) {
@@ -1250,7 +1268,7 @@ fn fnProtoExpr(
         try expr(
             &block_scope,
             scope,
-            .{ .ty = .calling_convention_type },
+            .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .calling_convention_type } },
             fn_proto.ast.callconv_expr,
         )
     else
@@ -1261,7 +1279,7 @@ fn fnProtoExpr(
     if (is_inferred_error) {
         return astgen.failTok(maybe_bang, "function prototype may not have inferred error set", .{});
     }
-    const ret_ty = try expr(&block_scope, scope, coerced_type_rl, fn_proto.ast.return_type);
+    const ret_ty = try expr(&block_scope, scope, coerced_type_ri, fn_proto.ast.return_type);
 
     const result = try block_scope.addFunc(.{
         .src_node = fn_proto.ast.proto_node,
@@ -1292,13 +1310,13 @@ fn fnProtoExpr(
     try block_scope.setBlockBody(block_inst);
     try gz.instructions.append(astgen.gpa, block_inst);
 
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, indexToRef(block_inst), fn_proto.ast.proto_node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, indexToRef(block_inst), fn_proto.ast.proto_node);
 }
 
 fn arrayInitExpr(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     array_init: Ast.full.ArrayInit,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
@@ -1340,7 +1358,7 @@ fn arrayInitExpr(
                         .elem = elem_type,
                     };
                 } else {
-                    const sentinel = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = elem_type }, array_type.ast.sentinel);
+                    const sentinel = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = elem_type } }, array_type.ast.sentinel);
                     const array_type_inst = try gz.addPlNode(
                         .array_type_sentinel,
                         array_init.ast.type_expr,
@@ -1368,29 +1386,29 @@ fn arrayInitExpr(
         };
     };
 
-    switch (rl) {
+    switch (ri.rl) {
         .discard => {
             // TODO elements should still be coerced if type is provided
             for (array_init.ast.elements) |elem_init| {
-                _ = try expr(gz, scope, .discard, elem_init);
+                _ = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .discard }, elem_init);
             }
             return Zir.Inst.Ref.void_value;
         },
-        .ref, .catch_ref => {
+        .ref => {
             const tag: Zir.Inst.Tag = if (types.array != .none) .array_init_ref else .array_init_anon_ref;
             return arrayInitExprInner(gz, scope, node, array_init.ast.elements, types.array, types.elem, tag);
         },
-        .none, .catch_none => {
+        .none => {
             const tag: Zir.Inst.Tag = if (types.array != .none) .array_init else .array_init_anon;
             return arrayInitExprInner(gz, scope, node, array_init.ast.elements, types.array, types.elem, tag);
         },
-        .ty, .ty_shift_operand, .coerced_ty => {
+        .ty, .coerced_ty => {
             const tag: Zir.Inst.Tag = if (types.array != .none) .array_init else .array_init_anon;
             const result = try arrayInitExprInner(gz, scope, node, array_init.ast.elements, types.array, types.elem, tag);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .ptr => |ptr_res| {
-            return arrayInitExprRlPtr(gz, scope, rl, node, ptr_res.inst, array_init.ast.elements, types.array);
+            return arrayInitExprRlPtr(gz, scope, ri, node, ptr_res.inst, array_init.ast.elements, types.array);
         },
         .inferred_ptr => |ptr_inst| {
             if (types.array == .none) {
@@ -1398,9 +1416,9 @@ fn arrayInitExpr(
                 // analyzing array_base_ptr against an alloc_inferred_mut.
                 // See corresponding logic in structInitExpr.
                 const result = try arrayInitExprRlNone(gz, scope, node, array_init.ast.elements, .array_init_anon);
-                return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+                return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
             } else {
-                return arrayInitExprRlPtr(gz, scope, rl, node, ptr_inst, array_init.ast.elements, types.array);
+                return arrayInitExprRlPtr(gz, scope, ri, node, ptr_inst, array_init.ast.elements, types.array);
             }
         },
         .block_ptr => |block_gz| {
@@ -1408,9 +1426,9 @@ fn arrayInitExpr(
             // See corresponding logic in structInitExpr.
             if (types.array == .none and astgen.isInferred(block_gz.rl_ptr)) {
                 const result = try arrayInitExprRlNone(gz, scope, node, array_init.ast.elements, .array_init_anon);
-                return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+                return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
             }
-            return arrayInitExprRlPtr(gz, scope, rl, node, block_gz.rl_ptr, array_init.ast.elements, types.array);
+            return arrayInitExprRlPtr(gz, scope, ri, node, block_gz.rl_ptr, array_init.ast.elements, types.array);
         },
     }
 }
@@ -1430,7 +1448,7 @@ fn arrayInitExprRlNone(
     var extra_index = try reserveExtra(astgen, elements.len);
 
     for (elements) |elem_init| {
-        const elem_ref = try expr(gz, scope, .none, elem_init);
+        const elem_ref = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, elem_init);
         astgen.extra.items[extra_index] = @enumToInt(elem_ref);
         extra_index += 1;
     }
@@ -1459,9 +1477,9 @@ fn arrayInitExprInner(
     }
 
     for (elements) |elem_init, i| {
-        const rl = if (elem_ty != .none)
-            ResultLoc{ .coerced_ty = elem_ty }
-        else if (array_ty_inst != .none and nodeMayNeedMemoryLocation(astgen.tree, elem_init, true)) rl: {
+        const ri = if (elem_ty != .none)
+            ResultInfo{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = elem_ty } }
+        else if (array_ty_inst != .none and nodeMayNeedMemoryLocation(astgen.tree, elem_init, true)) ri: {
             const ty_expr = try gz.add(.{
                 .tag = .elem_type_index,
                 .data = .{ .bin = .{
@@ -1469,10 +1487,10 @@ fn arrayInitExprInner(
                     .rhs = @intToEnum(Zir.Inst.Ref, i),
                 } },
             });
-            break :rl ResultLoc{ .coerced_ty = ty_expr };
-        } else ResultLoc{ .none = {} };
+            break :ri ResultInfo{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = ty_expr } };
+        } else ResultInfo{ .rl = .{ .none = {} } };
 
-        const elem_ref = try expr(gz, scope, rl, elem_init);
+        const elem_ref = try expr(gz, scope, ri, elem_init);
         astgen.extra.items[extra_index] = @enumToInt(elem_ref);
         extra_index += 1;
     }
@@ -1483,7 +1501,7 @@ fn arrayInitExprInner(
 fn arrayInitExprRlPtr(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     result_ptr: Zir.Inst.Ref,
     elements: []const Ast.Node.Index,
@@ -1498,7 +1516,7 @@ fn arrayInitExprRlPtr(
     defer as_scope.unstack();
 
     const result = try arrayInitExprRlPtrInner(&as_scope, scope, node, as_scope.rl_ptr, elements);
-    return as_scope.finishCoercion(gz, rl, node, result, array_ty);
+    return as_scope.finishCoercion(gz, ri, node, result, array_ty);
 }
 
 fn arrayInitExprRlPtrInner(
@@ -1522,7 +1540,7 @@ fn arrayInitExprRlPtrInner(
         });
         astgen.extra.items[extra_index] = refToIndex(elem_ptr).?;
         extra_index += 1;
-        _ = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .ptr = .{ .inst = elem_ptr } }, elem_init);
+        _ = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ptr = .{ .inst = elem_ptr } } }, elem_init);
     }
 
     const tag: Zir.Inst.Tag = if (gz.force_comptime)
@@ -1537,7 +1555,7 @@ fn arrayInitExprRlPtrInner(
 fn structInitExpr(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     struct_init: Ast.full.StructInit,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
@@ -1546,7 +1564,7 @@ fn structInitExpr(
 
     if (struct_init.ast.type_expr == 0) {
         if (struct_init.ast.fields.len == 0) {
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, .empty_struct, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, .empty_struct, node);
         }
     } else array: {
         const node_tags = tree.nodes.items(.tag);
@@ -1558,7 +1576,7 @@ fn structInitExpr(
                 if (struct_init.ast.fields.len == 0) {
                     const ty_inst = try typeExpr(gz, scope, struct_init.ast.type_expr);
                     const result = try gz.addUnNode(.struct_init_empty, ty_inst, node);
-                    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+                    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
                 }
                 break :array;
             },
@@ -1575,7 +1593,7 @@ fn structInitExpr(
                         .rhs = elem_type,
                     });
                 } else blk: {
-                    const sentinel = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = elem_type }, array_type.ast.sentinel);
+                    const sentinel = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = elem_type } }, array_type.ast.sentinel);
                     break :blk try gz.addPlNode(
                         .array_type_sentinel,
                         struct_init.ast.type_expr,
@@ -1587,11 +1605,11 @@ fn structInitExpr(
                     );
                 };
                 const result = try gz.addUnNode(.struct_init_empty, array_type_inst, node);
-                return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+                return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
             }
             const ty_inst = try typeExpr(gz, scope, struct_init.ast.type_expr);
             const result = try gz.addUnNode(.struct_init_empty, ty_inst, node);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         } else {
             return astgen.failNode(
                 struct_init.ast.type_expr,
@@ -1601,7 +1619,7 @@ fn structInitExpr(
         }
     }
 
-    switch (rl) {
+    switch (ri.rl) {
         .discard => {
             if (struct_init.ast.type_expr != 0) {
                 const ty_inst = try typeExpr(gz, scope, struct_init.ast.type_expr);
@@ -1612,7 +1630,7 @@ fn structInitExpr(
             }
             return Zir.Inst.Ref.void_value;
         },
-        .ref, .catch_ref => {
+        .ref => {
             if (struct_init.ast.type_expr != 0) {
                 const ty_inst = try typeExpr(gz, scope, struct_init.ast.type_expr);
                 _ = try gz.addUnNode(.validate_struct_init_ty, ty_inst, node);
@@ -1621,7 +1639,7 @@ fn structInitExpr(
                 return structInitExprRlNone(gz, scope, node, struct_init, .none, .struct_init_anon_ref);
             }
         },
-        .none, .catch_none => {
+        .none => {
             if (struct_init.ast.type_expr != 0) {
                 const ty_inst = try typeExpr(gz, scope, struct_init.ast.type_expr);
                 _ = try gz.addUnNode(.validate_struct_init_ty, ty_inst, node);
@@ -1630,26 +1648,26 @@ fn structInitExpr(
                 return structInitExprRlNone(gz, scope, node, struct_init, .none, .struct_init_anon);
             }
         },
-        .ty, .ty_shift_operand, .coerced_ty => |ty_inst| {
+        .ty, .coerced_ty => |ty_inst| {
             if (struct_init.ast.type_expr == 0) {
                 const result = try structInitExprRlNone(gz, scope, node, struct_init, ty_inst, .struct_init_anon);
-                return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+                return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
             }
             const inner_ty_inst = try typeExpr(gz, scope, struct_init.ast.type_expr);
             _ = try gz.addUnNode(.validate_struct_init_ty, inner_ty_inst, node);
             const result = try structInitExprRlTy(gz, scope, node, struct_init, inner_ty_inst, .struct_init);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
-        .ptr => |ptr_res| return structInitExprRlPtr(gz, scope, rl, node, struct_init, ptr_res.inst),
+        .ptr => |ptr_res| return structInitExprRlPtr(gz, scope, ri, node, struct_init, ptr_res.inst),
         .inferred_ptr => |ptr_inst| {
             if (struct_init.ast.type_expr == 0) {
                 // We treat this case differently so that we don't get a crash when
                 // analyzing field_base_ptr against an alloc_inferred_mut.
                 // See corresponding logic in arrayInitExpr.
                 const result = try structInitExprRlNone(gz, scope, node, struct_init, .none, .struct_init_anon);
-                return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+                return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
             } else {
-                return structInitExprRlPtr(gz, scope, rl, node, struct_init, ptr_inst);
+                return structInitExprRlPtr(gz, scope, ri, node, struct_init, ptr_inst);
             }
         },
         .block_ptr => |block_gz| {
@@ -1657,10 +1675,10 @@ fn structInitExpr(
             // See corresponding logic in arrayInitExpr.
             if (struct_init.ast.type_expr == 0 and astgen.isInferred(block_gz.rl_ptr)) {
                 const result = try structInitExprRlNone(gz, scope, node, struct_init, .none, .struct_init_anon);
-                return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+                return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
             }
 
-            return structInitExprRlPtr(gz, scope, rl, node, struct_init, block_gz.rl_ptr);
+            return structInitExprRlPtr(gz, scope, ri, node, struct_init, block_gz.rl_ptr);
         },
     }
 }
@@ -1685,16 +1703,15 @@ fn structInitExprRlNone(
     for (struct_init.ast.fields) |field_init| {
         const name_token = tree.firstToken(field_init) - 2;
         const str_index = try astgen.identAsString(name_token);
-        const sub_rl: ResultLoc = if (ty_inst != .none)
-            ResultLoc{ .ty = try gz.addPlNode(.field_type, field_init, Zir.Inst.FieldType{
+        const sub_ri: ResultInfo = if (ty_inst != .none)
+            ResultInfo{ .rl = .{ .ty = try gz.addPlNode(.field_type, field_init, Zir.Inst.FieldType{
                 .container_type = ty_inst,
                 .name_start = str_index,
-            }) }
-        else
-            .none;
+            }) } }
+        else .{ .rl = .none };
         setExtra(astgen, extra_index, Zir.Inst.StructInitAnon.Item{
             .field_name = str_index,
-            .init = try expr(gz, scope, sub_rl, field_init),
+            .init = try expr(gz, scope, sub_ri, field_init),
         });
         extra_index += field_size;
     }
@@ -1705,7 +1722,7 @@ fn structInitExprRlNone(
 fn structInitExprRlPtr(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     struct_init: Ast.full.StructInit,
     result_ptr: Zir.Inst.Ref,
@@ -1721,7 +1738,7 @@ fn structInitExprRlPtr(
     defer as_scope.unstack();
 
     const result = try structInitExprRlPtrInner(&as_scope, scope, node, struct_init, as_scope.rl_ptr);
-    return as_scope.finishCoercion(gz, rl, node, result, ty_inst);
+    return as_scope.finishCoercion(gz, ri, node, result, ty_inst);
 }
 
 fn structInitExprRlPtrInner(
@@ -1748,7 +1765,7 @@ fn structInitExprRlPtrInner(
         });
         astgen.extra.items[extra_index] = refToIndex(field_ptr).?;
         extra_index += 1;
-        _ = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .ptr = .{ .inst = field_ptr } }, field_init);
+        _ = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ptr = .{ .inst = field_ptr } } }, field_init);
     }
 
     const tag: Zir.Inst.Tag = if (gz.force_comptime)
@@ -1786,7 +1803,7 @@ fn structInitExprRlTy(
         });
         setExtra(astgen, extra_index, Zir.Inst.StructInit.Item{
             .field_type = refToIndex(field_ty_inst).?,
-            .init = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = field_ty_inst }, field_init),
+            .init = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = field_ty_inst } }, field_init),
         });
         extra_index += field_size;
     }
@@ -1799,14 +1816,14 @@ fn structInitExprRlTy(
 fn comptimeExpr(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const prev_force_comptime = gz.force_comptime;
     gz.force_comptime = true;
     defer gz.force_comptime = prev_force_comptime;
 
-    return expr(gz, scope, rl, node);
+    return expr(gz, scope, ri, node);
 }
 
 /// This one is for an actual `comptime` syntax, and will emit a compile error if
@@ -1815,7 +1832,7 @@ fn comptimeExpr(
 fn comptimeExprAst(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const astgen = gz.astgen;
@@ -1826,7 +1843,7 @@ fn comptimeExprAst(
     const node_datas = tree.nodes.items(.data);
     const body_node = node_datas[node].lhs;
     gz.force_comptime = true;
-    const result = try expr(gz, scope, rl, body_node);
+    const result = try expr(gz, scope, ri, body_node);
     gz.force_comptime = false;
     return result;
 }
@@ -1904,7 +1921,7 @@ fn breakExpr(parent_gz: *GenZir, parent_scope: *Scope, node: Ast.Node.Index) Inn
                 }
                 block_gz.break_count += 1;
 
-                const operand = try reachableExpr(parent_gz, parent_scope, block_gz.break_result_loc, rhs, node);
+                const operand = try reachableExpr(parent_gz, parent_scope, block_gz.break_result_info, rhs, node);
                 const search_index = @intCast(Zir.Inst.Index, astgen.instructions.len);
 
                 try genDefers(parent_gz, scope, parent_scope, .normal_only);
@@ -1915,14 +1932,14 @@ fn breakExpr(parent_gz: *GenZir, parent_scope: *Scope, node: Ast.Node.Index) Inn
                     try popErrorReturnTrace(
                         parent_gz,
                         scope,
-                        block_gz.break_result_loc,
+                        block_gz.break_result_info,
                         rhs,
                         operand,
                         err_trace_index_to_restore,
                     );
                 }
 
-                switch (block_gz.break_result_loc) {
+                switch (block_gz.break_result_info.rl) {
                     .block_ptr => {
                         const br = try parent_gz.addBreak(break_tag, block_inst, operand);
                         try block_gz.labeled_breaks.append(astgen.gpa, .{ .br = br, .search = search_index });
@@ -2028,7 +2045,7 @@ fn continueExpr(parent_gz: *GenZir, parent_scope: *Scope, node: Ast.Node.Index)
 fn blockExpr(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     block_node: Ast.Node.Index,
     statements: []const Ast.Node.Index,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
@@ -2044,12 +2061,12 @@ fn blockExpr(
     if (token_tags[lbrace - 1] == .colon and
         token_tags[lbrace - 2] == .identifier)
     {
-        return labeledBlockExpr(gz, scope, rl, block_node, statements);
+        return labeledBlockExpr(gz, scope, ri, block_node, statements);
     }
 
     var sub_gz = gz.makeSubBlock(scope);
     try blockExprStmts(&sub_gz, &sub_gz.base, statements);
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, .void_value, block_node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, .void_value, block_node);
 }
 
 fn checkLabelRedefinition(astgen: *AstGen, parent_scope: *Scope, label: Ast.TokenIndex) !void {
@@ -2087,7 +2104,7 @@ fn checkLabelRedefinition(astgen: *AstGen, parent_scope: *Scope, label: Ast.Toke
 fn labeledBlockExpr(
     gz: *GenZir,
     parent_scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     block_node: Ast.Node.Index,
     statements: []const Ast.Node.Index,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
@@ -2116,7 +2133,7 @@ fn labeledBlockExpr(
         .token = label_token,
         .block_inst = block_inst,
     };
-    block_scope.setBreakResultLoc(rl);
+    block_scope.setBreakResultInfo(ri);
     defer block_scope.unstack();
     defer block_scope.labeled_breaks.deinit(astgen.gpa);
 
@@ -2132,7 +2149,7 @@ fn labeledBlockExpr(
 
     const zir_datas = gz.astgen.instructions.items(.data);
     const zir_tags = gz.astgen.instructions.items(.tag);
-    const strat = rl.strategy(&block_scope);
+    const strat = ri.rl.strategy(&block_scope);
     switch (strat.tag) {
         .break_void => {
             // The code took advantage of the result location as a pointer.
@@ -2173,9 +2190,9 @@ fn labeledBlockExpr(
             }
             try block_scope.setBlockBody(block_inst);
             const block_ref = indexToRef(block_inst);
-            switch (rl) {
-                .ref, .catch_ref => return block_ref,
-                else => return rvalue(gz, rl, block_ref, block_node),
+            switch (ri.rl) {
+                .ref => return block_ref,
+                else => return rvalue(gz, ri, block_ref, block_node),
             }
         },
     }
@@ -2246,12 +2263,12 @@ fn blockExprStmts(gz: *GenZir, parent_scope: *Scope, statements: []const Ast.Nod
                 continue;
             },
 
-            .while_simple => _ = try whileExpr(gz, scope, .discard, inner_node, tree.whileSimple(inner_node), true),
-            .while_cont => _ = try whileExpr(gz, scope, .discard, inner_node, tree.whileCont(inner_node), true),
-            .@"while" => _ = try whileExpr(gz, scope, .discard, inner_node, tree.whileFull(inner_node), true),
+            .while_simple => _ = try whileExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .discard }, inner_node, tree.whileSimple(inner_node), true),
+            .while_cont => _ = try whileExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .discard }, inner_node, tree.whileCont(inner_node), true),
+            .@"while" => _ = try whileExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .discard }, inner_node, tree.whileFull(inner_node), true),
 
-            .for_simple => _ = try forExpr(gz, scope, .discard, inner_node, tree.forSimple(inner_node), true),
-            .@"for" => _ = try forExpr(gz, scope, .discard, inner_node, tree.forFull(inner_node), true),
+            .for_simple => _ = try forExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .discard }, inner_node, tree.forSimple(inner_node), true),
+            .@"for" => _ = try forExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .discard }, inner_node, tree.forFull(inner_node), true),
 
             else => noreturn_src_node = try unusedResultExpr(gz, scope, inner_node),
             // zig fmt: on
@@ -2272,7 +2289,7 @@ fn unusedResultExpr(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, statement: Ast.Node.Index) Inner
     try emitDbgNode(gz, statement);
     // We need to emit an error if the result is not `noreturn` or `void`, but
     // we want to avoid adding the ZIR instruction if possible for performance.
-    const maybe_unused_result = try expr(gz, scope, .none, statement);
+    const maybe_unused_result = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, statement);
     return addEnsureResult(gz, maybe_unused_result, statement);
 }
 
@@ -2839,7 +2856,7 @@ fn varDecl(
     }
 
     const align_inst: Zir.Inst.Ref = if (var_decl.ast.align_node != 0)
-        try expr(gz, scope, align_rl, var_decl.ast.align_node)
+        try expr(gz, scope, align_ri, var_decl.ast.align_node)
     else
         .none;
 
@@ -2856,12 +2873,12 @@ fn varDecl(
             if (align_inst == .none and
                 !nodeMayNeedMemoryLocation(tree, var_decl.ast.init_node, type_node != 0))
             {
-                const result_loc: ResultLoc = if (type_node != 0) .{
-                    .ty = try typeExpr(gz, scope, type_node),
-                } else .none;
+                const result_info: ResultInfo = if (type_node != 0) .{
+                    .rl = .{ .ty = try typeExpr(gz, scope, type_node) },
+                } else .{ .rl = .none };
                 const prev_anon_name_strategy = gz.anon_name_strategy;
                 gz.anon_name_strategy = .dbg_var;
-                const init_inst = try reachableExpr(gz, scope, result_loc, var_decl.ast.init_node, node);
+                const init_inst = try reachableExpr(gz, scope, result_info, var_decl.ast.init_node, node);
                 gz.anon_name_strategy = prev_anon_name_strategy;
 
                 try gz.addDbgVar(.dbg_var_val, ident_name, init_inst);
@@ -2931,8 +2948,8 @@ fn varDecl(
                 init_scope.rl_ptr = alloc;
                 init_scope.rl_ty_inst = .none;
             }
-            const init_result_loc: ResultLoc = .{ .block_ptr = &init_scope };
-            const init_inst = try reachableExpr(&init_scope, &init_scope.base, init_result_loc, var_decl.ast.init_node, node);
+            const init_result_info: ResultInfo = .{ .rl = .{ .block_ptr = &init_scope } };
+            const init_inst = try reachableExpr(&init_scope, &init_scope.base, init_result_info, var_decl.ast.init_node, node);
 
             const zir_tags = astgen.instructions.items(.tag);
             const zir_datas = astgen.instructions.items(.data);
@@ -3021,7 +3038,7 @@ fn varDecl(
             const is_comptime = var_decl.comptime_token != null or gz.force_comptime;
             var resolve_inferred_alloc: Zir.Inst.Ref = .none;
             const var_data: struct {
-                result_loc: ResultLoc,
+                result_info: ResultInfo,
                 alloc: Zir.Inst.Ref,
             } = if (var_decl.ast.type_node != 0) a: {
                 const type_inst = try typeExpr(gz, scope, var_decl.ast.type_node);
@@ -3043,7 +3060,7 @@ fn varDecl(
                     }
                 };
                 gz.rl_ty_inst = type_inst;
-                break :a .{ .alloc = alloc, .result_loc = .{ .ptr = .{ .inst = alloc } } };
+                break :a .{ .alloc = alloc, .result_info = .{ .rl = .{ .ptr = .{ .inst = alloc } } } };
             } else a: {
                 const alloc = alloc: {
                     if (align_inst == .none) {
@@ -3064,11 +3081,11 @@ fn varDecl(
                 };
                 gz.rl_ty_inst = .none;
                 resolve_inferred_alloc = alloc;
-                break :a .{ .alloc = alloc, .result_loc = .{ .inferred_ptr = alloc } };
+                break :a .{ .alloc = alloc, .result_info = .{ .rl = .{ .inferred_ptr = alloc } } };
             };
             const prev_anon_name_strategy = gz.anon_name_strategy;
             gz.anon_name_strategy = .dbg_var;
-            _ = try reachableExprComptime(gz, scope, var_data.result_loc, var_decl.ast.init_node, node, is_comptime);
+            _ = try reachableExprComptime(gz, scope, var_data.result_info, var_decl.ast.init_node, node, is_comptime);
             gz.anon_name_strategy = prev_anon_name_strategy;
             if (resolve_inferred_alloc != .none) {
                 _ = try gz.addUnNode(.resolve_inferred_alloc, resolve_inferred_alloc, node);
@@ -3138,15 +3155,15 @@ fn assign(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, infix_node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerError!voi
         // This intentionally does not support `@"_"` syntax.
         const ident_name = tree.tokenSlice(main_tokens[lhs]);
         if (mem.eql(u8, ident_name, "_")) {
-            _ = try expr(gz, scope, .discard, rhs);
+            _ = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .discard }, rhs);
             return;
         }
     }
     const lvalue = try lvalExpr(gz, scope, lhs);
-    _ = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .ptr = .{
+    _ = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ptr = .{
         .inst = lvalue,
         .src_node = infix_node,
-    } }, rhs);
+    } } }, rhs);
 }
 
 fn assignOp(
@@ -3163,7 +3180,7 @@ fn assignOp(
     const lhs_ptr = try lvalExpr(gz, scope, node_datas[infix_node].lhs);
     const lhs = try gz.addUnNode(.load, lhs_ptr, infix_node);
     const lhs_type = try gz.addUnNode(.typeof, lhs, infix_node);
-    const rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = lhs_type }, node_datas[infix_node].rhs);
+    const rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = lhs_type } }, node_datas[infix_node].rhs);
 
     const result = try gz.addPlNode(op_inst_tag, infix_node, Zir.Inst.Bin{
         .lhs = lhs,
@@ -3186,7 +3203,7 @@ fn assignShift(
     const lhs_ptr = try lvalExpr(gz, scope, node_datas[infix_node].lhs);
     const lhs = try gz.addUnNode(.load, lhs_ptr, infix_node);
     const rhs_type = try gz.addUnNode(.typeof_log2_int_type, lhs, infix_node);
-    const rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = rhs_type }, node_datas[infix_node].rhs);
+    const rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = rhs_type } }, node_datas[infix_node].rhs);
 
     const result = try gz.addPlNode(op_inst_tag, infix_node, Zir.Inst.Bin{
         .lhs = lhs,
@@ -3204,7 +3221,7 @@ fn assignShiftSat(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, infix_node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerE
     const lhs_ptr = try lvalExpr(gz, scope, node_datas[infix_node].lhs);
     const lhs = try gz.addUnNode(.load, lhs_ptr, infix_node);
     // Saturating shift-left allows any integer type for both the LHS and RHS.
-    const rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .none, node_datas[infix_node].rhs);
+    const rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, node_datas[infix_node].rhs);
 
     const result = try gz.addPlNode(.shl_sat, infix_node, Zir.Inst.Bin{
         .lhs = lhs,
@@ -3216,7 +3233,7 @@ fn assignShiftSat(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, infix_node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerE
 fn ptrType(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     ptr_info: Ast.full.PtrType,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
@@ -3234,21 +3251,21 @@ fn ptrType(
     var trailing_count: u32 = 0;
 
     if (ptr_info.ast.sentinel != 0) {
-        sentinel_ref = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = elem_type }, ptr_info.ast.sentinel);
+        sentinel_ref = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = elem_type } }, ptr_info.ast.sentinel);
         trailing_count += 1;
     }
     if (ptr_info.ast.align_node != 0) {
-        align_ref = try expr(gz, scope, coerced_align_rl, ptr_info.ast.align_node);
+        align_ref = try expr(gz, scope, coerced_align_ri, ptr_info.ast.align_node);
         trailing_count += 1;
     }
     if (ptr_info.ast.addrspace_node != 0) {
-        addrspace_ref = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = .address_space_type }, ptr_info.ast.addrspace_node);
+        addrspace_ref = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .address_space_type } }, ptr_info.ast.addrspace_node);
         trailing_count += 1;
     }
     if (ptr_info.ast.bit_range_start != 0) {
         assert(ptr_info.ast.bit_range_end != 0);
-        bit_start_ref = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .u16_type }, ptr_info.ast.bit_range_start);
-        bit_end_ref = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .u16_type }, ptr_info.ast.bit_range_end);
+        bit_start_ref = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .u16_type } }, ptr_info.ast.bit_range_start);
+        bit_end_ref = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .u16_type } }, ptr_info.ast.bit_range_end);
         trailing_count += 2;
     }
 
@@ -3295,10 +3312,10 @@ fn ptrType(
     } });
     gz.instructions.appendAssumeCapacity(new_index);
 
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
 }
 
-fn arrayType(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, rl: ResultLoc, node: Ast.Node.Index) !Zir.Inst.Ref {
+fn arrayType(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, ri: ResultInfo, node: Ast.Node.Index) !Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const astgen = gz.astgen;
     const tree = astgen.tree;
     const node_datas = tree.nodes.items(.data);
@@ -3311,17 +3328,17 @@ fn arrayType(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, rl: ResultLoc, node: Ast.Node.Index) !Z
     {
         return astgen.failNode(len_node, "unable to infer array size", .{});
     }
-    const len = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .usize_type }, len_node);
+    const len = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .usize_type } }, len_node);
     const elem_type = try typeExpr(gz, scope, node_datas[node].rhs);
 
     const result = try gz.addPlNode(.array_type, node, Zir.Inst.Bin{
         .lhs = len,
         .rhs = elem_type,
     });
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
 }
 
-fn arrayTypeSentinel(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, rl: ResultLoc, node: Ast.Node.Index) !Zir.Inst.Ref {
+fn arrayTypeSentinel(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, ri: ResultInfo, node: Ast.Node.Index) !Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const astgen = gz.astgen;
     const tree = astgen.tree;
     const node_datas = tree.nodes.items(.data);
@@ -3335,16 +3352,16 @@ fn arrayTypeSentinel(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, rl: ResultLoc, node: Ast.Node.I
     {
         return astgen.failNode(len_node, "unable to infer array size", .{});
     }
-    const len = try reachableExpr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .usize_type }, len_node, node);
+    const len = try reachableExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .usize_type } }, len_node, node);
     const elem_type = try typeExpr(gz, scope, extra.elem_type);
-    const sentinel = try reachableExpr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = elem_type }, extra.sentinel, node);
+    const sentinel = try reachableExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = elem_type } }, extra.sentinel, node);
 
     const result = try gz.addPlNode(.array_type_sentinel, node, Zir.Inst.ArrayTypeSentinel{
         .len = len,
         .elem_type = elem_type,
         .sentinel = sentinel,
     });
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
 }
 
 const WipMembers = struct {
@@ -3580,7 +3597,7 @@ fn fnDecl(
                 assert(param_type_node != 0);
                 var param_gz = decl_gz.makeSubBlock(scope);
                 defer param_gz.unstack();
-                const param_type = try expr(&param_gz, params_scope, coerced_type_rl, param_type_node);
+                const param_type = try expr(&param_gz, params_scope, coerced_type_ri, param_type_node);
                 const param_inst_expected = @intCast(u32, astgen.instructions.len + 1);
                 _ = try param_gz.addBreak(.break_inline, param_inst_expected, param_type);
 
@@ -3629,7 +3646,7 @@ fn fnDecl(
     var align_gz = decl_gz.makeSubBlock(params_scope);
     defer align_gz.unstack();
     const align_ref: Zir.Inst.Ref = if (fn_proto.ast.align_expr == 0) .none else inst: {
-        const inst = try expr(&decl_gz, params_scope, coerced_align_rl, fn_proto.ast.align_expr);
+        const inst = try expr(&decl_gz, params_scope, coerced_align_ri, fn_proto.ast.align_expr);
         if (align_gz.instructionsSlice().len == 0) {
             // In this case we will send a len=0 body which can be encoded more efficiently.
             break :inst inst;
@@ -3641,7 +3658,7 @@ fn fnDecl(
     var addrspace_gz = decl_gz.makeSubBlock(params_scope);
     defer addrspace_gz.unstack();
     const addrspace_ref: Zir.Inst.Ref = if (fn_proto.ast.addrspace_expr == 0) .none else inst: {
-        const inst = try expr(&decl_gz, params_scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .address_space_type }, fn_proto.ast.addrspace_expr);
+        const inst = try expr(&decl_gz, params_scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .address_space_type } }, fn_proto.ast.addrspace_expr);
         if (addrspace_gz.instructionsSlice().len == 0) {
             // In this case we will send a len=0 body which can be encoded more efficiently.
             break :inst inst;
@@ -3653,7 +3670,7 @@ fn fnDecl(
     var section_gz = decl_gz.makeSubBlock(params_scope);
     defer section_gz.unstack();
     const section_ref: Zir.Inst.Ref = if (fn_proto.ast.section_expr == 0) .none else inst: {
-        const inst = try expr(&decl_gz, params_scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .const_slice_u8_type }, fn_proto.ast.section_expr);
+        const inst = try expr(&decl_gz, params_scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .const_slice_u8_type } }, fn_proto.ast.section_expr);
         if (section_gz.instructionsSlice().len == 0) {
             // In this case we will send a len=0 body which can be encoded more efficiently.
             break :inst inst;
@@ -3676,7 +3693,7 @@ fn fnDecl(
             const inst = try expr(
                 &decl_gz,
                 params_scope,
-                .{ .coerced_ty = .calling_convention_type },
+                .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .calling_convention_type } },
                 fn_proto.ast.callconv_expr,
             );
             if (cc_gz.instructionsSlice().len == 0) {
@@ -3698,7 +3715,7 @@ fn fnDecl(
     var ret_gz = decl_gz.makeSubBlock(params_scope);
     defer ret_gz.unstack();
     const ret_ref: Zir.Inst.Ref = inst: {
-        const inst = try expr(&ret_gz, params_scope, coerced_type_rl, fn_proto.ast.return_type);
+        const inst = try expr(&ret_gz, params_scope, coerced_type_ri, fn_proto.ast.return_type);
         if (ret_gz.instructionsSlice().len == 0) {
             // In this case we will send a len=0 body which can be encoded more efficiently.
             break :inst inst;
@@ -3752,7 +3769,7 @@ fn fnDecl(
         const lbrace_line = astgen.source_line - decl_gz.decl_line;
         const lbrace_column = astgen.source_column;
 
-        _ = try expr(&fn_gz, params_scope, .none, body_node);
+        _ = try expr(&fn_gz, params_scope, .{ .rl = .none }, body_node);
         try checkUsed(gz, &fn_gz.base, params_scope);
 
         if (!fn_gz.endsWithNoReturn()) {
@@ -3848,13 +3865,13 @@ fn globalVarDecl(
         break :blk token_tags[maybe_extern_token] == .keyword_extern;
     };
     const align_inst: Zir.Inst.Ref = if (var_decl.ast.align_node == 0) .none else inst: {
-        break :inst try expr(&block_scope, &block_scope.base, align_rl, var_decl.ast.align_node);
+        break :inst try expr(&block_scope, &block_scope.base, align_ri, var_decl.ast.align_node);
     };
     const addrspace_inst: Zir.Inst.Ref = if (var_decl.ast.addrspace_node == 0) .none else inst: {
-        break :inst try expr(&block_scope, &block_scope.base, .{ .ty = .address_space_type }, var_decl.ast.addrspace_node);
+        break :inst try expr(&block_scope, &block_scope.base, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .address_space_type } }, var_decl.ast.addrspace_node);
     };
     const section_inst: Zir.Inst.Ref = if (var_decl.ast.section_node == 0) .none else inst: {
-        break :inst try comptimeExpr(&block_scope, &block_scope.base, .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type }, var_decl.ast.section_node);
+        break :inst try comptimeExpr(&block_scope, &block_scope.base, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type } }, var_decl.ast.section_node);
     };
     const has_section_or_addrspace = section_inst != .none or addrspace_inst != .none;
     wip_members.nextDecl(is_pub, is_export, align_inst != .none, has_section_or_addrspace);
@@ -3894,7 +3911,7 @@ fn globalVarDecl(
             try expr(
                 &block_scope,
                 &block_scope.base,
-                .{ .ty = .type_type },
+                .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .type_type } },
                 var_decl.ast.type_node,
             )
         else
@@ -3903,7 +3920,7 @@ fn globalVarDecl(
         const init_inst = try expr(
             &block_scope,
             &block_scope.base,
-            if (type_inst != .none) .{ .ty = type_inst } else .none,
+            if (type_inst != .none) .{ .rl = .{ .ty = type_inst } } else .{ .rl = .none },
             var_decl.ast.init_node,
         );
 
@@ -3992,7 +4009,7 @@ fn comptimeDecl(
     };
     defer decl_block.unstack();
 
-    const block_result = try expr(&decl_block, &decl_block.base, .none, body_node);
+    const block_result = try expr(&decl_block, &decl_block.base, .{ .rl = .none }, body_node);
     if (decl_block.isEmpty() or !decl_block.refIsNoReturn(block_result)) {
         _ = try decl_block.addBreak(.break_inline, block_inst, .void_value);
     }
@@ -4196,7 +4213,7 @@ fn testDecl(
     const lbrace_line = astgen.source_line - decl_block.decl_line;
     const lbrace_column = astgen.source_column;
 
-    const block_result = try expr(&fn_block, &fn_block.base, .none, body_node);
+    const block_result = try expr(&fn_block, &fn_block.base, .{ .rl = .none }, body_node);
     if (fn_block.isEmpty() or !fn_block.refIsNoReturn(block_result)) {
         // Since we are adding the return instruction here, we must handle the coercion.
         // We do this by using the `ret_tok` instruction.
@@ -4410,7 +4427,7 @@ fn structDeclInner(
             if (layout == .Packed) {
                 try astgen.appendErrorNode(member.ast.align_expr, "unable to override alignment of packed struct fields", .{});
             }
-            const align_ref = try expr(&block_scope, &namespace.base, coerced_align_rl, member.ast.align_expr);
+            const align_ref = try expr(&block_scope, &namespace.base, coerced_align_ri, member.ast.align_expr);
             if (!block_scope.endsWithNoReturn()) {
                 _ = try block_scope.addBreak(.break_inline, decl_inst, align_ref);
             }
@@ -4423,9 +4440,9 @@ fn structDeclInner(
         }
 
         if (have_value) {
-            const rl: ResultLoc = if (field_type == .none) .none else .{ .coerced_ty = field_type };
+            const ri: ResultInfo = .{ .rl = if (field_type == .none) .none else .{ .coerced_ty = field_type } };
 
-            const default_inst = try expr(&block_scope, &namespace.base, rl, member.ast.value_expr);
+            const default_inst = try expr(&block_scope, &namespace.base, ri, member.ast.value_expr);
             if (!block_scope.endsWithNoReturn()) {
                 _ = try block_scope.addBreak(.break_inline, decl_inst, default_inst);
             }
@@ -4554,7 +4571,7 @@ fn unionDeclInner(
             return astgen.failNode(member_node, "union field missing type", .{});
         }
         if (have_align) {
-            const align_inst = try expr(&block_scope, &block_scope.base, .{ .ty = .u32_type }, member.ast.align_expr);
+            const align_inst = try expr(&block_scope, &block_scope.base, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .u32_type } }, member.ast.align_expr);
             wip_members.appendToField(@enumToInt(align_inst));
         }
         if (have_value) {
@@ -4586,7 +4603,7 @@ fn unionDeclInner(
                     },
                 );
             }
-            const tag_value = try expr(&block_scope, &block_scope.base, .{ .ty = arg_inst }, member.ast.value_expr);
+            const tag_value = try expr(&block_scope, &block_scope.base, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = arg_inst } }, member.ast.value_expr);
             wip_members.appendToField(@enumToInt(tag_value));
         }
     }
@@ -4624,7 +4641,7 @@ fn unionDeclInner(
 fn containerDecl(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     container_decl: Ast.full.ContainerDecl,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
@@ -4650,7 +4667,7 @@ fn containerDecl(
             } else std.builtin.Type.ContainerLayout.Auto;
 
             const result = try structDeclInner(gz, scope, node, container_decl, layout, container_decl.ast.arg);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .keyword_union => {
             const layout = if (container_decl.layout_token) |t| switch (token_tags[t]) {
@@ -4660,7 +4677,7 @@ fn containerDecl(
             } else std.builtin.Type.ContainerLayout.Auto;
 
             const result = try unionDeclInner(gz, scope, node, container_decl.ast.members, layout, container_decl.ast.arg, container_decl.ast.enum_token);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .keyword_enum => {
             if (container_decl.layout_token) |t| {
@@ -4790,7 +4807,7 @@ fn containerDecl(
             _ = try astgen.scanDecls(&namespace, container_decl.ast.members);
 
             const arg_inst: Zir.Inst.Ref = if (container_decl.ast.arg != 0)
-                try comptimeExpr(&block_scope, &namespace.base, .{ .ty = .type_type }, container_decl.ast.arg)
+                try comptimeExpr(&block_scope, &namespace.base, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .type_type } }, container_decl.ast.arg)
             else
                 .none;
 
@@ -4834,7 +4851,7 @@ fn containerDecl(
                             },
                         );
                     }
-                    const tag_value_inst = try expr(&block_scope, &namespace.base, .{ .ty = arg_inst }, member.ast.value_expr);
+                    const tag_value_inst = try expr(&block_scope, &namespace.base, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = arg_inst } }, member.ast.value_expr);
                     wip_members.appendToField(@enumToInt(tag_value_inst));
                 }
             }
@@ -4865,7 +4882,7 @@ fn containerDecl(
 
             block_scope.unstack();
             try gz.addNamespaceCaptures(&namespace);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, indexToRef(decl_inst), node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, indexToRef(decl_inst), node);
         },
         .keyword_opaque => {
             assert(container_decl.ast.arg == 0);
@@ -4915,7 +4932,7 @@ fn containerDecl(
             astgen.extra.appendSliceAssumeCapacity(decls_slice);
 
             try gz.addNamespaceCaptures(&namespace);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, indexToRef(decl_inst), node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, indexToRef(decl_inst), node);
         },
         else => unreachable,
     }
@@ -5046,7 +5063,7 @@ fn containerMember(
     return .decl;
 }
 
-fn errorSetDecl(gz: *GenZir, rl: ResultLoc, node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
+fn errorSetDecl(gz: *GenZir, ri: ResultInfo, node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const astgen = gz.astgen;
     const gpa = astgen.gpa;
     const tree = astgen.tree;
@@ -5101,13 +5118,13 @@ fn errorSetDecl(gz: *GenZir, rl: ResultLoc, node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerError!Zir
         .fields_len = @intCast(u32, fields_len),
     });
     const result = try gz.addPlNodePayloadIndex(.error_set_decl, node, payload_index);
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
 }
 
 fn tryExpr(
     parent_gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     operand_node: Ast.Node.Index,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
@@ -5137,15 +5154,15 @@ fn tryExpr(
     const try_line = astgen.source_line - parent_gz.decl_line;
     const try_column = astgen.source_column;
 
-    const operand_rl: ResultLoc = switch (rl) {
-        .ref, .catch_ref => .catch_ref,
-        else => .catch_none,
+    const operand_ri: ResultInfo = switch (ri.rl) {
+        .ref => .{ .rl = .ref, .ctx = .error_handling_expr },
+        else => .{ .rl = .none, .ctx = .error_handling_expr },
     };
-    // This could be a pointer or value depending on the `rl` parameter.
-    const operand = try reachableExpr(parent_gz, scope, operand_rl, operand_node, node);
+    // This could be a pointer or value depending on the `ri` parameter.
+    const operand = try reachableExpr(parent_gz, scope, operand_ri, operand_node, node);
     const is_inline = parent_gz.force_comptime;
     const is_inline_bit = @as(u2, @boolToInt(is_inline));
-    const is_ptr_bit = @as(u2, @boolToInt(operand_rl == .ref or operand_rl == .catch_ref)) << 1;
+    const is_ptr_bit = @as(u2, @boolToInt(operand_ri.rl == .ref)) << 1;
     const block_tag: Zir.Inst.Tag = switch (is_inline_bit | is_ptr_bit) {
         0b00 => .@"try",
         0b01 => .@"try",
@@ -5160,8 +5177,8 @@ fn tryExpr(
     var else_scope = parent_gz.makeSubBlock(scope);
     defer else_scope.unstack();
 
-    const err_tag = switch (rl) {
-        .ref, .catch_ref => Zir.Inst.Tag.err_union_code_ptr,
+    const err_tag = switch (ri.rl) {
+        .ref => Zir.Inst.Tag.err_union_code_ptr,
         else => Zir.Inst.Tag.err_union_code,
     };
     const err_code = try else_scope.addUnNode(err_tag, operand, node);
@@ -5171,9 +5188,9 @@ fn tryExpr(
 
     try else_scope.setTryBody(try_inst, operand);
     const result = indexToRef(try_inst);
-    switch (rl) {
-        .ref, .catch_ref => return result,
-        else => return rvalue(parent_gz, rl, result, node),
+    switch (ri.rl) {
+        .ref => return result,
+        else => return rvalue(parent_gz, ri, result, node),
     }
 }
 
@@ -5190,7 +5207,7 @@ fn tryExpr(
 fn popErrorReturnTrace(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     result_inst: Zir.Inst.Ref,
     error_trace_index: Zir.Inst.Ref,
@@ -5201,13 +5218,8 @@ fn popErrorReturnTrace(
     const result_is_err = nodeMayEvalToError(tree, node);
 
     // If we are breaking to a try/catch/error-union-if/return, the error trace propagates.
-    const propagate_error_trace = switch (rl) {
-        .catch_none, .catch_ref => true, // Propagate to try/catch/error-union-if
-        .ptr, .ty => |ref| b: { // Otherwise, propagate if result loc is a return
-            const inst = refToIndex(ref) orelse break :b false;
-            const zir_tags = astgen.instructions.items(.tag);
-            break :b zir_tags[inst] == .ret_ptr or zir_tags[inst] == .ret_type;
-        },
+    const propagate_error_trace = switch (ri.ctx) {
+        .error_handling_expr, .@"return" => true,
         else => false,
     };
 
@@ -5219,14 +5231,14 @@ fn popErrorReturnTrace(
         // We are returning to an error-handling operator with a maybe-error.
         // Restore only if it's a non-error, implying the catch was successfully handled.
         var block_scope = gz.makeSubBlock(scope);
-        block_scope.setBreakResultLoc(.discard);
+        block_scope.setBreakResultInfo(.{ .rl = .discard });
         defer block_scope.unstack();
 
         // Emit conditional branch for restoring error trace index
-        const is_non_err = switch (rl) {
-            .catch_ref => try block_scope.addUnNode(.is_non_err_ptr, result_inst, node),
-            .ptr => |ptr| try block_scope.addUnNode(.is_non_err_ptr, ptr, node),
-            .ty, .catch_none => try block_scope.addUnNode(.is_non_err, result_inst, node),
+        const is_non_err = switch (ri.rl) {
+            .ref => try block_scope.addUnNode(.is_non_err_ptr, result_inst, node),
+            .ptr => |ptr| try block_scope.addUnNode(.is_non_err_ptr, ptr.inst, node),
+            .ty, .none => try block_scope.addUnNode(.is_non_err, result_inst, node),
             else => unreachable, // Error-handling operators only generate the above result locations
         };
         const condbr = try block_scope.addCondBr(.condbr, node);
@@ -5255,7 +5267,7 @@ fn popErrorReturnTrace(
 fn orelseCatchExpr(
     parent_gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     lhs: Ast.Node.Index,
     cond_op: Zir.Inst.Tag,
@@ -5270,21 +5282,21 @@ fn orelseCatchExpr(
     const do_err_trace = astgen.fn_block != null and (cond_op == .is_non_err or cond_op == .is_non_err_ptr);
 
     var block_scope = parent_gz.makeSubBlock(scope);
-    block_scope.setBreakResultLoc(rl);
+    block_scope.setBreakResultInfo(ri);
     defer block_scope.unstack();
 
     const saved_err_trace_index = if (do_err_trace) try parent_gz.addNode(.save_err_ret_index, node) else .none;
 
-    const operand_rl: ResultLoc = switch (block_scope.break_result_loc) {
-        .ref, .catch_ref => if (do_err_trace) ResultLoc{ .catch_ref = {} } else .ref,
-        else => if (do_err_trace) ResultLoc{ .catch_none = {} } else .none,
+    const operand_ri: ResultInfo = switch (block_scope.break_result_info.rl) {
+        .ref => .{ .rl = .ref, .ctx = if (do_err_trace) .error_handling_expr else .none },
+        else => .{ .rl = .none, .ctx = if (do_err_trace) .error_handling_expr else .none },
     };
     block_scope.break_count += 1;
-    // This could be a pointer or value depending on the `operand_rl` parameter.
-    // We cannot use `block_scope.break_result_loc` because that has the bare
+    // This could be a pointer or value depending on the `operand_ri` parameter.
+    // We cannot use `block_scope.break_result_info` because that has the bare
     // type, whereas this expression has the optional type. Later we make
     // up for this fact by calling rvalue on the else branch.
-    const operand = try reachableExpr(&block_scope, &block_scope.base, operand_rl, lhs, rhs);
+    const operand = try reachableExpr(&block_scope, &block_scope.base, operand_ri, lhs, rhs);
     const cond = try block_scope.addUnNode(cond_op, operand, node);
     const condbr = try block_scope.addCondBr(.condbr, node);
 
@@ -5298,9 +5310,9 @@ fn orelseCatchExpr(
 
     // This could be a pointer or value depending on `unwrap_op`.
     const unwrapped_payload = try then_scope.addUnNode(unwrap_op, operand, node);
-    const then_result = switch (rl) {
-        .ref, .catch_ref => unwrapped_payload,
-        else => try rvalue(&then_scope, block_scope.break_result_loc, unwrapped_payload, node),
+    const then_result = switch (ri.rl) {
+        .ref => unwrapped_payload,
+        else => try rvalue(&then_scope, block_scope.break_result_info, unwrapped_payload, node),
     };
 
     var else_scope = block_scope.makeSubBlock(scope);
@@ -5334,7 +5346,7 @@ fn orelseCatchExpr(
         break :blk &err_val_scope.base;
     };
 
-    const else_result = try expr(&else_scope, else_sub_scope, block_scope.break_result_loc, rhs);
+    const else_result = try expr(&else_scope, else_sub_scope, block_scope.break_result_info, rhs);
     if (!else_scope.endsWithNoReturn()) {
         block_scope.break_count += 1;
 
@@ -5342,7 +5354,7 @@ fn orelseCatchExpr(
             try popErrorReturnTrace(
                 &else_scope,
                 else_sub_scope,
-                block_scope.break_result_loc,
+                block_scope.break_result_info,
                 rhs,
                 else_result,
                 saved_err_trace_index,
@@ -5358,7 +5370,7 @@ fn orelseCatchExpr(
     const break_tag: Zir.Inst.Tag = if (parent_gz.force_comptime) .break_inline else .@"break";
     const result = try finishThenElseBlock(
         parent_gz,
-        rl,
+        ri,
         node,
         &block_scope,
         &then_scope,
@@ -5377,7 +5389,7 @@ fn orelseCatchExpr(
 /// Supports `else_scope` stacked on `then_scope` stacked on `block_scope`. Unstacks `else_scope` then `then_scope`.
 fn finishThenElseBlock(
     parent_gz: *GenZir,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     block_scope: *GenZir,
     then_scope: *GenZir,
@@ -5392,7 +5404,7 @@ fn finishThenElseBlock(
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     // We now have enough information to decide whether the result instruction should
     // be communicated via result location pointer or break instructions.
-    const strat = rl.strategy(block_scope);
+    const strat = ri.rl.strategy(block_scope);
     // else_scope may be stacked on then_scope, so check for no-return on then_scope manually
     const tags = parent_gz.astgen.instructions.items(.tag);
     const then_slice = then_scope.instructionsSliceUpto(else_scope);
@@ -5422,9 +5434,9 @@ fn finishThenElseBlock(
                 try setCondBrPayload(condbr, cond, then_scope, then_break, else_scope, else_break);
             }
             const block_ref = indexToRef(main_block);
-            switch (rl) {
-                .ref, .catch_ref => return block_ref,
-                else => return rvalue(parent_gz, rl, block_ref, node),
+            switch (ri.rl) {
+                .ref => return block_ref,
+                else => return rvalue(parent_gz, ri, block_ref, node),
             }
         },
     }
@@ -5443,14 +5455,14 @@ fn tokenIdentEql(astgen: *AstGen, token1: Ast.TokenIndex, token2: Ast.TokenIndex
 fn fieldAccess(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
-    switch (rl) {
-        .ref, .catch_ref => return addFieldAccess(.field_ptr, gz, scope, .ref, node),
+    switch (ri.rl) {
+        .ref => return addFieldAccess(.field_ptr, gz, scope, .{ .rl = .ref }, node),
         else => {
-            const access = try addFieldAccess(.field_val, gz, scope, .none, node);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, access, node);
+            const access = try addFieldAccess(.field_val, gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, access, node);
         },
     }
 }
@@ -5459,7 +5471,7 @@ fn addFieldAccess(
     tag: Zir.Inst.Tag,
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    lhs_rl: ResultLoc,
+    lhs_ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const astgen = gz.astgen;
@@ -5473,7 +5485,7 @@ fn addFieldAccess(
     const str_index = try astgen.identAsString(field_ident);
 
     return gz.addPlNode(tag, node, Zir.Inst.Field{
-        .lhs = try expr(gz, scope, lhs_rl, object_node),
+        .lhs = try expr(gz, scope, lhs_ri, object_node),
         .field_name_start = str_index,
     });
 }
@@ -5481,20 +5493,20 @@ fn addFieldAccess(
 fn arrayAccess(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const astgen = gz.astgen;
     const tree = astgen.tree;
     const node_datas = tree.nodes.items(.data);
-    switch (rl) {
-        .ref, .catch_ref => return gz.addPlNode(.elem_ptr_node, node, Zir.Inst.Bin{
-            .lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .ref, node_datas[node].lhs),
-            .rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = .usize_type }, node_datas[node].rhs),
+    switch (ri.rl) {
+        .ref => return gz.addPlNode(.elem_ptr_node, node, Zir.Inst.Bin{
+            .lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .ref }, node_datas[node].lhs),
+            .rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .usize_type } }, node_datas[node].rhs),
         }),
-        else => return rvalue(gz, rl, try gz.addPlNode(.elem_val_node, node, Zir.Inst.Bin{
-            .lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .none, node_datas[node].lhs),
-            .rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = .usize_type }, node_datas[node].rhs),
+        else => return rvalue(gz, ri, try gz.addPlNode(.elem_val_node, node, Zir.Inst.Bin{
+            .lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, node_datas[node].lhs),
+            .rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .usize_type } }, node_datas[node].rhs),
         }), node),
     }
 }
@@ -5502,7 +5514,7 @@ fn arrayAccess(
 fn simpleBinOp(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     op_inst_tag: Zir.Inst.Tag,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
@@ -5511,15 +5523,15 @@ fn simpleBinOp(
     const node_datas = tree.nodes.items(.data);
 
     const result = try gz.addPlNode(op_inst_tag, node, Zir.Inst.Bin{
-        .lhs = try reachableExpr(gz, scope, .none, node_datas[node].lhs, node),
-        .rhs = try reachableExpr(gz, scope, .none, node_datas[node].rhs, node),
+        .lhs = try reachableExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, node_datas[node].lhs, node),
+        .rhs = try reachableExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, node_datas[node].rhs, node),
     });
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
 }
 
 fn simpleStrTok(
     gz: *GenZir,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     ident_token: Ast.TokenIndex,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     op_inst_tag: Zir.Inst.Tag,
@@ -5527,13 +5539,13 @@ fn simpleStrTok(
     const astgen = gz.astgen;
     const str_index = try astgen.identAsString(ident_token);
     const result = try gz.addStrTok(op_inst_tag, str_index, ident_token);
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
 }
 
 fn boolBinOp(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     zir_tag: Zir.Inst.Tag,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
@@ -5541,25 +5553,25 @@ fn boolBinOp(
     const tree = astgen.tree;
     const node_datas = tree.nodes.items(.data);
 
-    const lhs = try expr(gz, scope, bool_rl, node_datas[node].lhs);
+    const lhs = try expr(gz, scope, bool_ri, node_datas[node].lhs);
     const bool_br = try gz.addBoolBr(zir_tag, lhs);
 
     var rhs_scope = gz.makeSubBlock(scope);
     defer rhs_scope.unstack();
-    const rhs = try expr(&rhs_scope, &rhs_scope.base, bool_rl, node_datas[node].rhs);
+    const rhs = try expr(&rhs_scope, &rhs_scope.base, bool_ri, node_datas[node].rhs);
     if (!gz.refIsNoReturn(rhs)) {
         _ = try rhs_scope.addBreak(.break_inline, bool_br, rhs);
     }
     try rhs_scope.setBoolBrBody(bool_br);
 
     const block_ref = indexToRef(bool_br);
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, block_ref, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, block_ref, node);
 }
 
 fn ifExpr(
     parent_gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     if_full: Ast.full.If,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
@@ -5570,7 +5582,7 @@ fn ifExpr(
     const do_err_trace = astgen.fn_block != null and if_full.error_token != null;
 
     var block_scope = parent_gz.makeSubBlock(scope);
-    block_scope.setBreakResultLoc(rl);
+    block_scope.setBreakResultInfo(ri);
     defer block_scope.unstack();
 
     const saved_err_trace_index = if (do_err_trace) try parent_gz.addNode(.save_err_ret_index, node) else .none;
@@ -5586,23 +5598,23 @@ fn ifExpr(
         bool_bit: Zir.Inst.Ref,
     } = c: {
         if (if_full.error_token) |_| {
-            const cond_rl: ResultLoc = if (payload_is_ref) .catch_ref else .catch_none;
-            const err_union = try expr(&block_scope, &block_scope.base, cond_rl, if_full.ast.cond_expr);
+            const cond_ri: ResultInfo = .{ .rl = if (payload_is_ref) .ref else .none, .ctx = .error_handling_expr };
+            const err_union = try expr(&block_scope, &block_scope.base, cond_ri, if_full.ast.cond_expr);
             const tag: Zir.Inst.Tag = if (payload_is_ref) .is_non_err_ptr else .is_non_err;
             break :c .{
                 .inst = err_union,
                 .bool_bit = try block_scope.addUnNode(tag, err_union, if_full.ast.cond_expr),
             };
         } else if (if_full.payload_token) |_| {
-            const cond_rl: ResultLoc = if (payload_is_ref) .ref else .none;
-            const optional = try expr(&block_scope, &block_scope.base, cond_rl, if_full.ast.cond_expr);
+            const cond_ri: ResultInfo = .{ .rl = if (payload_is_ref) .ref else .none };
+            const optional = try expr(&block_scope, &block_scope.base, cond_ri, if_full.ast.cond_expr);
             const tag: Zir.Inst.Tag = if (payload_is_ref) .is_non_null_ptr else .is_non_null;
             break :c .{
                 .inst = optional,
                 .bool_bit = try block_scope.addUnNode(tag, optional, if_full.ast.cond_expr),
             };
         } else {
-            const cond = try expr(&block_scope, &block_scope.base, bool_rl, if_full.ast.cond_expr);
+            const cond = try expr(&block_scope, &block_scope.base, bool_ri, if_full.ast.cond_expr);
             break :c .{
                 .inst = cond,
                 .bool_bit = cond,
@@ -5678,7 +5690,7 @@ fn ifExpr(
         }
     };
 
-    const then_result = try expr(&then_scope, then_sub_scope, block_scope.break_result_loc, if_full.ast.then_expr);
+    const then_result = try expr(&then_scope, then_sub_scope, block_scope.break_result_info, if_full.ast.then_expr);
     if (!then_scope.endsWithNoReturn()) {
         block_scope.break_count += 1;
     }
@@ -5729,7 +5741,7 @@ fn ifExpr(
                 break :s &else_scope.base;
             }
         };
-        const e = try expr(&else_scope, sub_scope, block_scope.break_result_loc, else_node);
+        const e = try expr(&else_scope, sub_scope, block_scope.break_result_info, else_node);
         if (!else_scope.endsWithNoReturn()) {
             block_scope.break_count += 1;
 
@@ -5737,7 +5749,7 @@ fn ifExpr(
                 try popErrorReturnTrace(
                     &else_scope,
                     sub_scope,
-                    block_scope.break_result_loc,
+                    block_scope.break_result_info,
                     else_node,
                     e,
                     saved_err_trace_index,
@@ -5752,9 +5764,9 @@ fn ifExpr(
         };
     } else .{
         .src = if_full.ast.then_expr,
-        .result = switch (rl) {
+        .result = switch (ri.rl) {
             // Explicitly store void to ptr result loc if there is no else branch
-            .ptr, .block_ptr => try rvalue(&else_scope, rl, .void_value, node),
+            .ptr, .block_ptr => try rvalue(&else_scope, ri, .void_value, node),
             else => .none,
         },
     };
@@ -5762,7 +5774,7 @@ fn ifExpr(
     const break_tag: Zir.Inst.Tag = if (parent_gz.force_comptime) .break_inline else .@"break";
     const result = try finishThenElseBlock(
         parent_gz,
-        rl,
+        ri,
         node,
         &block_scope,
         &then_scope,
@@ -5896,7 +5908,7 @@ fn setCondBrPayloadElideBlockStorePtr(
 fn whileExpr(
     parent_gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     while_full: Ast.full.While,
     is_statement: bool,
@@ -5916,7 +5928,7 @@ fn whileExpr(
 
     var loop_scope = parent_gz.makeSubBlock(scope);
     loop_scope.is_inline = is_inline;
-    loop_scope.setBreakResultLoc(rl);
+    loop_scope.setBreakResultInfo(ri);
     defer loop_scope.unstack();
     defer loop_scope.labeled_breaks.deinit(astgen.gpa);
 
@@ -5934,23 +5946,23 @@ fn whileExpr(
         bool_bit: Zir.Inst.Ref,
     } = c: {
         if (while_full.error_token) |_| {
-            const cond_rl: ResultLoc = if (payload_is_ref) .ref else .none;
-            const err_union = try expr(&continue_scope, &continue_scope.base, cond_rl, while_full.ast.cond_expr);
+            const cond_ri: ResultInfo = .{ .rl = if (payload_is_ref) .ref else .none };
+            const err_union = try expr(&continue_scope, &continue_scope.base, cond_ri, while_full.ast.cond_expr);
             const tag: Zir.Inst.Tag = if (payload_is_ref) .is_non_err_ptr else .is_non_err;
             break :c .{
                 .inst = err_union,
                 .bool_bit = try continue_scope.addUnNode(tag, err_union, while_full.ast.then_expr),
             };
         } else if (while_full.payload_token) |_| {
-            const cond_rl: ResultLoc = if (payload_is_ref) .ref else .none;
-            const optional = try expr(&continue_scope, &continue_scope.base, cond_rl, while_full.ast.cond_expr);
+            const cond_ri: ResultInfo = .{ .rl = if (payload_is_ref) .ref else .none };
+            const optional = try expr(&continue_scope, &continue_scope.base, cond_ri, while_full.ast.cond_expr);
             const tag: Zir.Inst.Tag = if (payload_is_ref) .is_non_null_ptr else .is_non_null;
             break :c .{
                 .inst = optional,
                 .bool_bit = try continue_scope.addUnNode(tag, optional, while_full.ast.then_expr),
             };
         } else {
-            const cond = try expr(&continue_scope, &continue_scope.base, bool_rl, while_full.ast.cond_expr);
+            const cond = try expr(&continue_scope, &continue_scope.base, bool_ri, while_full.ast.cond_expr);
             break :c .{
                 .inst = cond,
                 .bool_bit = cond,
@@ -6069,7 +6081,7 @@ fn whileExpr(
     if (dbg_var_name) |some| {
         try then_scope.addDbgVar(.dbg_var_val, some, dbg_var_inst);
     }
-    const then_result = try expr(&then_scope, then_sub_scope, .none, while_full.ast.then_expr);
+    const then_result = try expr(&then_scope, then_sub_scope, .{ .rl = .none }, while_full.ast.then_expr);
     _ = try addEnsureResult(&then_scope, then_result, while_full.ast.then_expr);
 
     try checkUsed(parent_gz, &then_scope.base, then_sub_scope);
@@ -6114,7 +6126,7 @@ fn whileExpr(
         // control flow apply to outer loops; not this one.
         loop_scope.continue_block = 0;
         loop_scope.break_block = 0;
-        const else_result = try expr(&else_scope, sub_scope, loop_scope.break_result_loc, else_node);
+        const else_result = try expr(&else_scope, sub_scope, loop_scope.break_result_info, else_node);
         if (is_statement) {
             _ = try addEnsureResult(&else_scope, else_result, else_node);
         }
@@ -6141,7 +6153,7 @@ fn whileExpr(
     const break_tag: Zir.Inst.Tag = if (is_inline) .break_inline else .@"break";
     const result = try finishThenElseBlock(
         parent_gz,
-        rl,
+        ri,
         node,
         &loop_scope,
         &then_scope,
@@ -6163,7 +6175,7 @@ fn whileExpr(
 fn forExpr(
     parent_gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     for_full: Ast.full.While,
     is_statement: bool,
@@ -6186,8 +6198,8 @@ fn forExpr(
 
     try emitDbgNode(parent_gz, for_full.ast.cond_expr);
 
-    const cond_rl: ResultLoc = if (payload_is_ref) .ref else .none;
-    const array_ptr = try expr(parent_gz, scope, cond_rl, for_full.ast.cond_expr);
+    const cond_ri: ResultInfo = .{ .rl = if (payload_is_ref) .ref else .none };
+    const array_ptr = try expr(parent_gz, scope, cond_ri, for_full.ast.cond_expr);
     const len = try parent_gz.addUnNode(.indexable_ptr_len, array_ptr, for_full.ast.cond_expr);
 
     const index_ptr = blk: {
@@ -6204,7 +6216,7 @@ fn forExpr(
 
     var loop_scope = parent_gz.makeSubBlock(scope);
     loop_scope.is_inline = is_inline;
-    loop_scope.setBreakResultLoc(rl);
+    loop_scope.setBreakResultInfo(ri);
     defer loop_scope.unstack();
     defer loop_scope.labeled_breaks.deinit(astgen.gpa);
 
@@ -6308,7 +6320,7 @@ fn forExpr(
         break :blk &index_scope.base;
     };
 
-    const then_result = try expr(&then_scope, then_sub_scope, .none, for_full.ast.then_expr);
+    const then_result = try expr(&then_scope, then_sub_scope, .{ .rl = .none }, for_full.ast.then_expr);
     _ = try addEnsureResult(&then_scope, then_result, for_full.ast.then_expr);
 
     try checkUsed(parent_gz, &then_scope.base, then_sub_scope);
@@ -6327,7 +6339,7 @@ fn forExpr(
         // control flow apply to outer loops; not this one.
         loop_scope.continue_block = 0;
         loop_scope.break_block = 0;
-        const else_result = try expr(&else_scope, sub_scope, loop_scope.break_result_loc, else_node);
+        const else_result = try expr(&else_scope, sub_scope, loop_scope.break_result_info, else_node);
         if (is_statement) {
             _ = try addEnsureResult(&else_scope, else_result, else_node);
         }
@@ -6352,7 +6364,7 @@ fn forExpr(
     const break_tag: Zir.Inst.Tag = if (is_inline) .break_inline else .@"break";
     const result = try finishThenElseBlock(
         parent_gz,
-        rl,
+        ri,
         node,
         &loop_scope,
         &then_scope,
@@ -6374,7 +6386,7 @@ fn forExpr(
 fn switchExpr(
     parent_gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     switch_node: Ast.Node.Index,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const astgen = parent_gz.astgen;
@@ -6505,13 +6517,13 @@ fn switchExpr(
         }
     }
 
-    const operand_rl: ResultLoc = if (any_payload_is_ref) .ref else .none;
-    const raw_operand = try expr(parent_gz, scope, operand_rl, operand_node);
+    const operand_ri: ResultInfo = .{ .rl = if (any_payload_is_ref) .ref else .none };
+    const raw_operand = try expr(parent_gz, scope, operand_ri, operand_node);
     const cond_tag: Zir.Inst.Tag = if (any_payload_is_ref) .switch_cond_ref else .switch_cond;
     const cond = try parent_gz.addUnNode(cond_tag, raw_operand, operand_node);
     // We need the type of the operand to use as the result location for all the prong items.
     const cond_ty_inst = try parent_gz.addUnNode(.typeof, cond, operand_node);
-    const item_rl: ResultLoc = .{ .ty = cond_ty_inst };
+    const item_ri: ResultInfo = .{ .rl = .{ .ty = cond_ty_inst } };
 
     // This contains the data that goes into the `extra` array for the SwitchBlock/SwitchBlockMulti,
     // except the first cases_nodes.len slots are a table that indexes payloads later in the array, with
@@ -6528,7 +6540,7 @@ fn switchExpr(
     var block_scope = parent_gz.makeSubBlock(scope);
     // block_scope not used for collecting instructions
     block_scope.instructions_top = GenZir.unstacked_top;
-    block_scope.setBreakResultLoc(rl);
+    block_scope.setBreakResultInfo(ri);
 
     // This gets added to the parent block later, after the item expressions.
     const switch_block = try parent_gz.makeBlockInst(.switch_block, switch_node);
@@ -6669,7 +6681,7 @@ fn switchExpr(
                 if (node_tags[item_node] == .switch_range) continue;
                 items_len += 1;
 
-                const item_inst = try comptimeExpr(parent_gz, scope, item_rl, item_node);
+                const item_inst = try comptimeExpr(parent_gz, scope, item_ri, item_node);
                 try payloads.append(gpa, @enumToInt(item_inst));
             }
 
@@ -6679,8 +6691,8 @@ fn switchExpr(
                 if (node_tags[range] != .switch_range) continue;
                 ranges_len += 1;
 
-                const first = try comptimeExpr(parent_gz, scope, item_rl, node_datas[range].lhs);
-                const last = try comptimeExpr(parent_gz, scope, item_rl, node_datas[range].rhs);
+                const first = try comptimeExpr(parent_gz, scope, item_ri, node_datas[range].lhs);
+                const last = try comptimeExpr(parent_gz, scope, item_ri, node_datas[range].rhs);
                 try payloads.appendSlice(gpa, &[_]u32{
                     @enumToInt(first), @enumToInt(last),
                 });
@@ -6698,7 +6710,7 @@ fn switchExpr(
             scalar_case_index += 1;
             try payloads.resize(gpa, header_index + 2); // item, body_len
             const item_node = case.ast.values[0];
-            const item_inst = try comptimeExpr(parent_gz, scope, item_rl, item_node);
+            const item_inst = try comptimeExpr(parent_gz, scope, item_ri, item_node);
             payloads.items[header_index] = @enumToInt(item_inst);
             break :blk header_index + 1;
         };
@@ -6717,7 +6729,7 @@ fn switchExpr(
             if (dbg_var_tag_name) |some| {
                 try case_scope.addDbgVar(.dbg_var_val, some, dbg_var_tag_inst);
             }
-            const case_result = try expr(&case_scope, sub_scope, block_scope.break_result_loc, case.ast.target_expr);
+            const case_result = try expr(&case_scope, sub_scope, block_scope.break_result_info, case.ast.target_expr);
             try checkUsed(parent_gz, &case_scope.base, sub_scope);
             try case_scope.addDbgBlockEnd();
             if (!parent_gz.refIsNoReturn(case_result)) {
@@ -6759,7 +6771,7 @@ fn switchExpr(
 
     zir_datas[switch_block].pl_node.payload_index = payload_index;
 
-    const strat = rl.strategy(&block_scope);
+    const strat = ri.rl.strategy(&block_scope);
     for (payloads.items[case_table_start..case_table_end]) |start_index, i| {
         var body_len_index = start_index;
         var end_index = start_index;
@@ -6831,8 +6843,8 @@ fn switchExpr(
     }
 
     const block_ref = indexToRef(switch_block);
-    if (strat.tag == .break_operand and strat.elide_store_to_block_ptr_instructions and rl != .ref and rl != .catch_ref)
-        return rvalue(parent_gz, rl, block_ref, switch_node);
+    if (strat.tag == .break_operand and strat.elide_store_to_block_ptr_instructions and ri.rl != .ref)
+        return rvalue(parent_gz, ri, block_ref, switch_node);
     return block_ref;
 }
 
@@ -6895,14 +6907,16 @@ fn ret(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref
         return Zir.Inst.Ref.unreachable_value;
     }
 
-    const rl: ResultLoc = if (nodeMayNeedMemoryLocation(tree, operand_node, true)) .{
-        .ptr = .{ .inst = try gz.addNode(.ret_ptr, node) },
+    const ri: ResultInfo = if (nodeMayNeedMemoryLocation(tree, operand_node, true)) .{
+        .rl = .{ .ptr = .{ .inst = try gz.addNode(.ret_ptr, node) } },
+        .ctx = .@"return",
     } else .{
-        .ty = try gz.addNode(.ret_type, node),
+        .rl = .{ .ty = try gz.addNode(.ret_type, node) },
+        .ctx = .@"return",
     };
     const prev_anon_name_strategy = gz.anon_name_strategy;
     gz.anon_name_strategy = .func;
-    const operand = try reachableExpr(gz, scope, rl, operand_node, node);
+    const operand = try reachableExpr(gz, scope, ri, operand_node, node);
     gz.anon_name_strategy = prev_anon_name_strategy;
 
     // TODO: This should be almost identical for every break/ret
@@ -6916,15 +6930,15 @@ fn ret(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref
                 _ = try gz.addUnNode(.restore_err_ret_index, gz.outermost_err_trace_index, node);
 
             try emitDbgStmt(gz, ret_line, ret_column);
-            try gz.addRet(rl, operand, node);
+            try gz.addRet(ri, operand, node);
             return Zir.Inst.Ref.unreachable_value;
         },
         .always => {
             // Value is always an error. Emit both error defers and regular defers.
-            const err_code = if (rl == .ptr) try gz.addUnNode(.load, rl.ptr.inst, node) else operand;
+            const err_code = if (ri.rl == .ptr) try gz.addUnNode(.load, ri.rl.ptr.inst, node) else operand;
             try genDefers(gz, defer_outer, scope, .{ .both = err_code });
             try emitDbgStmt(gz, ret_line, ret_column);
-            try gz.addRet(rl, operand, node);
+            try gz.addRet(ri, operand, node);
             return Zir.Inst.Ref.unreachable_value;
         },
         .maybe => {
@@ -6933,12 +6947,12 @@ fn ret(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref
                 // Only regular defers; no branch needed.
                 try genDefers(gz, defer_outer, scope, .normal_only);
                 try emitDbgStmt(gz, ret_line, ret_column);
-                try gz.addRet(rl, operand, node);
+                try gz.addRet(ri, operand, node);
                 return Zir.Inst.Ref.unreachable_value;
             }
 
             // Emit conditional branch for generating errdefers.
-            const result = if (rl == .ptr) try gz.addUnNode(.load, rl.ptr.inst, node) else operand;
+            const result = if (ri.rl == .ptr) try gz.addUnNode(.load, ri.rl.ptr.inst, node) else operand;
             const is_non_err = try gz.addUnNode(.is_non_err, result, node);
             const condbr = try gz.addCondBr(.condbr, node);
 
@@ -6952,7 +6966,7 @@ fn ret(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref
                 _ = try then_scope.addUnNode(.restore_err_ret_index, then_scope.outermost_err_trace_index, node);
 
             try emitDbgStmt(&then_scope, ret_line, ret_column);
-            try then_scope.addRet(rl, operand, node);
+            try then_scope.addRet(ri, operand, node);
 
             var else_scope = gz.makeSubBlock(scope);
             defer else_scope.unstack();
@@ -6962,7 +6976,7 @@ fn ret(gz: *GenZir, scope: *Scope, node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref
             };
             try genDefers(&else_scope, defer_outer, scope, which_ones);
             try emitDbgStmt(&else_scope, ret_line, ret_column);
-            try else_scope.addRet(rl, operand, node);
+            try else_scope.addRet(ri, operand, node);
 
             try setCondBrPayload(condbr, is_non_err, &then_scope, 0, &else_scope, 0);
 
@@ -6995,7 +7009,7 @@ fn parseBitCount(buf: []const u8) std.fmt.ParseIntError!u16 {
 fn identifier(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     ident: Ast.Node.Index,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const tracy = trace(@src());
@@ -7014,7 +7028,7 @@ fn identifier(
     // if not @"" syntax, just use raw token slice
     if (ident_name_raw[0] != '@') {
         if (primitives.get(ident_name_raw)) |zir_const_ref| {
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, zir_const_ref, ident);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, zir_const_ref, ident);
         }
 
         if (ident_name_raw.len >= 2) integer: {
@@ -7047,19 +7061,19 @@ fn identifier(
                         .bit_count = bit_count,
                     } },
                 });
-                return rvalue(gz, rl, result, ident);
+                return rvalue(gz, ri, result, ident);
             }
         }
     }
 
     // Local variables, including function parameters.
-    return localVarRef(gz, scope, rl, ident, ident_token);
+    return localVarRef(gz, scope, ri, ident, ident_token);
 }
 
 fn localVarRef(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     ident: Ast.Node.Index,
     ident_token: Ast.TokenIndex,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
@@ -7077,7 +7091,7 @@ fn localVarRef(
             if (local_val.name == name_str_index) {
                 // Locals cannot shadow anything, so we do not need to look for ambiguous
                 // references in this case.
-                if (rl == .discard) {
+                if (ri.rl == .discard) {
                     local_val.discarded = ident_token;
                 } else {
                     local_val.used = ident_token;
@@ -7093,14 +7107,14 @@ fn localVarRef(
                     gpa,
                 );
 
-                return rvalue(gz, rl, value_inst, ident);
+                return rvalue(gz, ri, value_inst, ident);
             }
             s = local_val.parent;
         },
         .local_ptr => {
             const local_ptr = s.cast(Scope.LocalPtr).?;
             if (local_ptr.name == name_str_index) {
-                if (rl == .discard) {
+                if (ri.rl == .discard) {
                     local_ptr.discarded = ident_token;
                 } else {
                     local_ptr.used = ident_token;
@@ -7125,11 +7139,11 @@ fn localVarRef(
                     gpa,
                 );
 
-                switch (rl) {
-                    .ref, .catch_ref => return ptr_inst,
+                switch (ri.rl) {
+                    .ref => return ptr_inst,
                     else => {
                         const loaded = try gz.addUnNode(.load, ptr_inst, ident);
-                        return rvalue(gz, rl, loaded, ident);
+                        return rvalue(gz, ri, loaded, ident);
                     },
                 }
             }
@@ -7162,11 +7176,11 @@ fn localVarRef(
 
     // Decl references happen by name rather than ZIR index so that when unrelated
     // decls are modified, ZIR code containing references to them can be unmodified.
-    switch (rl) {
-        .ref, .catch_ref => return gz.addStrTok(.decl_ref, name_str_index, ident_token),
+    switch (ri.rl) {
+        .ref => return gz.addStrTok(.decl_ref, name_str_index, ident_token),
         else => {
             const result = try gz.addStrTok(.decl_val, name_str_index, ident_token);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, ident);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, ident);
         },
     }
 }
@@ -7210,7 +7224,7 @@ fn tunnelThroughClosure(
 
 fn stringLiteral(
     gz: *GenZir,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const astgen = gz.astgen;
@@ -7225,12 +7239,12 @@ fn stringLiteral(
             .len = str.len,
         } },
     });
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
 }
 
 fn multilineStringLiteral(
     gz: *GenZir,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const astgen = gz.astgen;
@@ -7242,10 +7256,10 @@ fn multilineStringLiteral(
             .len = str.len,
         } },
     });
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
 }
 
-fn charLiteral(gz: *GenZir, rl: ResultLoc, node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
+fn charLiteral(gz: *GenZir, ri: ResultInfo, node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const astgen = gz.astgen;
     const tree = astgen.tree;
     const main_tokens = tree.nodes.items(.main_token);
@@ -7255,7 +7269,7 @@ fn charLiteral(gz: *GenZir, rl: ResultLoc, node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerError!Zir.
     switch (std.zig.parseCharLiteral(slice)) {
         .success => |codepoint| {
             const result = try gz.addInt(codepoint);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .failure => |err| return astgen.failWithStrLitError(err, main_token, slice, 0),
     }
@@ -7263,7 +7277,7 @@ fn charLiteral(gz: *GenZir, rl: ResultLoc, node: Ast.Node.Index) InnerError!Zir.
 
 const Sign = enum { negative, positive };
 
-fn numberLiteral(gz: *GenZir, rl: ResultLoc, node: Ast.Node.Index, source_node: Ast.Node.Index, sign: Sign) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
+fn numberLiteral(gz: *GenZir, ri: ResultInfo, node: Ast.Node.Index, source_node: Ast.Node.Index, sign: Sign) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const astgen = gz.astgen;
     const tree = astgen.tree;
     const main_tokens = tree.nodes.items(.main_token);
@@ -7305,7 +7319,7 @@ fn numberLiteral(gz: *GenZir, rl: ResultLoc, node: Ast.Node.Index, source_node:
             const bigger_again: f128 = smaller_float;
             if (bigger_again == float_number) {
                 const result = try gz.addFloat(smaller_float);
-                return rvalue(gz, rl, result, source_node);
+                return rvalue(gz, ri, result, source_node);
             }
             // We need to use 128 bits. Break the float into 4 u32 values so we can
             // put it into the `extra` array.
@@ -7316,16 +7330,16 @@ fn numberLiteral(gz: *GenZir, rl: ResultLoc, node: Ast.Node.Index, source_node:
                 .piece2 = @truncate(u32, int_bits >> 64),
                 .piece3 = @truncate(u32, int_bits >> 96),
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, source_node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, source_node);
         },
         .failure => |err| return astgen.failWithNumberError(err, num_token, bytes),
     };
 
     if (sign == .positive) {
-        return rvalue(gz, rl, result, source_node);
+        return rvalue(gz, ri, result, source_node);
     } else {
         const negated = try gz.addUnNode(.negate, result, source_node);
-        return rvalue(gz, rl, negated, source_node);
+        return rvalue(gz, ri, negated, source_node);
     }
 }
 
@@ -7361,7 +7375,7 @@ fn failWithNumberError(astgen: *AstGen, err: std.zig.number_literal.Error, token
 fn asmExpr(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     full: Ast.full.Asm,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
@@ -7384,7 +7398,7 @@ fn asmExpr(
         },
         else => .{
             .tag = .asm_expr,
-            .tmpl = @enumToInt(try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .none, full.ast.template)),
+            .tmpl = @enumToInt(try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, full.ast.template)),
         },
     };
 
@@ -7436,7 +7450,7 @@ fn asmExpr(
             outputs[i] = .{
                 .name = name,
                 .constraint = constraint,
-                .operand = try localVarRef(gz, scope, .ref, node, ident_token),
+                .operand = try localVarRef(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .ref }, node, ident_token),
             };
         }
     }
@@ -7452,7 +7466,7 @@ fn asmExpr(
         const name = try astgen.identAsString(symbolic_name);
         const constraint_token = symbolic_name + 2;
         const constraint = (try astgen.strLitAsString(constraint_token)).index;
-        const operand = try expr(gz, scope, .none, node_datas[input_node].lhs);
+        const operand = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, node_datas[input_node].lhs);
         inputs[i] = .{
             .name = name,
             .constraint = constraint,
@@ -7497,31 +7511,31 @@ fn asmExpr(
         .inputs = inputs,
         .clobbers = clobbers_buffer[0..clobber_i],
     });
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
 }
 
 fn as(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     lhs: Ast.Node.Index,
     rhs: Ast.Node.Index,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const dest_type = try typeExpr(gz, scope, lhs);
-    switch (rl) {
-        .none, .catch_none, .discard, .ref, .catch_ref, .ty, .ty_shift_operand, .coerced_ty => {
-            const result = try reachableExpr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = dest_type }, rhs, node);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    switch (ri.rl) {
+        .none, .discard, .ref, .ty, .coerced_ty => {
+            const result = try reachableExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = dest_type } }, rhs, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .ptr => |result_ptr| {
-            return asRlPtr(gz, scope, rl, node, result_ptr.inst, rhs, dest_type);
+            return asRlPtr(gz, scope, ri, node, result_ptr.inst, rhs, dest_type);
         },
         .inferred_ptr => |result_ptr| {
-            return asRlPtr(gz, scope, rl, node, result_ptr, rhs, dest_type);
+            return asRlPtr(gz, scope, ri, node, result_ptr, rhs, dest_type);
         },
         .block_ptr => |block_scope| {
-            return asRlPtr(gz, scope, rl, node, block_scope.rl_ptr, rhs, dest_type);
+            return asRlPtr(gz, scope, ri, node, block_scope.rl_ptr, rhs, dest_type);
         },
     }
 }
@@ -7529,29 +7543,29 @@ fn as(
 fn unionInit(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     params: []const Ast.Node.Index,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const union_type = try typeExpr(gz, scope, params[0]);
-    const field_name = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type }, params[1]);
+    const field_name = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type } }, params[1]);
     const field_type = try gz.addPlNode(.field_type_ref, params[1], Zir.Inst.FieldTypeRef{
         .container_type = union_type,
         .field_name = field_name,
     });
-    const init = try reachableExpr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = field_type }, params[2], node);
+    const init = try reachableExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = field_type } }, params[2], node);
     const result = try gz.addPlNode(.union_init, node, Zir.Inst.UnionInit{
         .union_type = union_type,
         .init = init,
         .field_name = field_name,
     });
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
 }
 
 fn asRlPtr(
     parent_gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     src_node: Ast.Node.Index,
     result_ptr: Zir.Inst.Ref,
     operand_node: Ast.Node.Index,
@@ -7560,31 +7574,31 @@ fn asRlPtr(
     var as_scope = try parent_gz.makeCoercionScope(scope, dest_type, result_ptr, src_node);
     defer as_scope.unstack();
 
-    const result = try reachableExpr(&as_scope, &as_scope.base, .{ .block_ptr = &as_scope }, operand_node, src_node);
-    return as_scope.finishCoercion(parent_gz, rl, operand_node, result, dest_type);
+    const result = try reachableExpr(&as_scope, &as_scope.base, .{ .rl = .{ .block_ptr = &as_scope } }, operand_node, src_node);
+    return as_scope.finishCoercion(parent_gz, ri, operand_node, result, dest_type);
 }
 
 fn bitCast(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     lhs: Ast.Node.Index,
     rhs: Ast.Node.Index,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const dest_type = try reachableTypeExpr(gz, scope, lhs, node);
-    const operand = try reachableExpr(gz, scope, .none, rhs, node);
+    const operand = try reachableExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, rhs, node);
     const result = try gz.addPlNode(.bitcast, node, Zir.Inst.Bin{
         .lhs = dest_type,
         .rhs = operand,
     });
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
 }
 
 fn typeOf(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     args: []const Ast.Node.Index,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
@@ -7600,7 +7614,7 @@ fn typeOf(
         typeof_scope.force_comptime = false;
         defer typeof_scope.unstack();
 
-        const ty_expr = try reachableExpr(&typeof_scope, &typeof_scope.base, .none, args[0], node);
+        const ty_expr = try reachableExpr(&typeof_scope, &typeof_scope.base, .{ .rl = .none }, args[0], node);
         if (!gz.refIsNoReturn(ty_expr)) {
             _ = try typeof_scope.addBreak(.break_inline, typeof_inst, ty_expr);
         }
@@ -7608,7 +7622,7 @@ fn typeOf(
 
         // typeof_scope unstacked now, can add new instructions to gz
         try gz.instructions.append(gpa, typeof_inst);
-        return rvalue(gz, rl, indexToRef(typeof_inst), node);
+        return rvalue(gz, ri, indexToRef(typeof_inst), node);
     }
     const payload_size: u32 = std.meta.fields(Zir.Inst.TypeOfPeer).len;
     const payload_index = try reserveExtra(astgen, payload_size + args.len);
@@ -7620,7 +7634,7 @@ fn typeOf(
     typeof_scope.force_comptime = false;
 
     for (args) |arg, i| {
-        const param_ref = try reachableExpr(&typeof_scope, &typeof_scope.base, .none, arg, node);
+        const param_ref = try reachableExpr(&typeof_scope, &typeof_scope.base, .{ .rl = .none }, arg, node);
         astgen.extra.items[args_index + i] = @enumToInt(param_ref);
     }
     _ = try typeof_scope.addBreak(.break_inline, refToIndex(typeof_inst).?, .void_value);
@@ -7636,13 +7650,13 @@ fn typeOf(
     astgen.appendBodyWithFixups(body);
     typeof_scope.unstack();
 
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, typeof_inst, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, typeof_inst, node);
 }
 
 fn builtinCall(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     params: []const Ast.Node.Index,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
@@ -7694,7 +7708,7 @@ fn builtinCall(
             if (!gop.found_existing) {
                 gop.value_ptr.* = str_lit_token;
             }
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .compile_log => {
             const payload_index = try addExtra(gz.astgen, Zir.Inst.NodeMultiOp{
@@ -7702,32 +7716,32 @@ fn builtinCall(
             });
             var extra_index = try reserveExtra(gz.astgen, params.len);
             for (params) |param| {
-                const param_ref = try expr(gz, scope, .none, param);
+                const param_ref = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, param);
                 astgen.extra.items[extra_index] = @enumToInt(param_ref);
                 extra_index += 1;
             }
             const result = try gz.addExtendedMultiOpPayloadIndex(.compile_log, payload_index, params.len);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .field => {
-            if (rl == .ref or rl == .catch_ref) {
+            if (ri.rl == .ref) {
                 return gz.addPlNode(.field_ptr_named, node, Zir.Inst.FieldNamed{
-                    .lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .ref, params[0]),
-                    .field_name = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type }, params[1]),
+                    .lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .ref }, params[0]),
+                    .field_name = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type } }, params[1]),
                 });
             }
             const result = try gz.addPlNode(.field_val_named, node, Zir.Inst.FieldNamed{
-                .lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .none, params[0]),
-                .field_name = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type }, params[1]),
+                .lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[0]),
+                .field_name = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type } }, params[1]),
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
 
         // zig fmt: off
-        .as         => return as(       gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], params[1]),
-        .bit_cast   => return bitCast(  gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], params[1]),
-        .TypeOf     => return typeOf(   gz, scope, rl, node, params),
-        .union_init => return unionInit(gz, scope, rl, node, params),
+        .as         => return as(       gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], params[1]),
+        .bit_cast   => return bitCast(  gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], params[1]),
+        .TypeOf     => return typeOf(   gz, scope, ri, node, params),
+        .union_init => return unionInit(gz, scope, ri, node, params),
         .c_import   => return cImport(  gz, scope,     node, params[0]),
         // zig fmt: on
 
@@ -7752,9 +7766,9 @@ fn builtinCall(
                                 local_val.used = ident_token;
                                 _ = try gz.addPlNode(.export_value, node, Zir.Inst.ExportValue{
                                     .operand = local_val.inst,
-                                    .options = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .export_options_type }, params[1]),
+                                    .options = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .export_options_type } }, params[1]),
                                 });
-                                return rvalue(gz, rl, .void_value, node);
+                                return rvalue(gz, ri, .void_value, node);
                             }
                             s = local_val.parent;
                         },
@@ -7767,9 +7781,9 @@ fn builtinCall(
                                 const loaded = try gz.addUnNode(.load, local_ptr.ptr, node);
                                 _ = try gz.addPlNode(.export_value, node, Zir.Inst.ExportValue{
                                     .operand = loaded,
-                                    .options = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .export_options_type }, params[1]),
+                                    .options = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .export_options_type } }, params[1]),
                                 });
-                                return rvalue(gz, rl, .void_value, node);
+                                return rvalue(gz, ri, .void_value, node);
                             }
                             s = local_ptr.parent;
                         },
@@ -7801,47 +7815,47 @@ fn builtinCall(
                 },
                 else => return astgen.failNode(params[0], "symbol to export must identify a declaration", .{}),
             }
-            const options = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = .export_options_type }, params[1]);
+            const options = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .export_options_type } }, params[1]);
             _ = try gz.addPlNode(.@"export", node, Zir.Inst.Export{
                 .namespace = namespace,
                 .decl_name = decl_name,
                 .options = options,
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, .void_value, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, .void_value, node);
         },
         .@"extern" => {
             const type_inst = try typeExpr(gz, scope, params[0]);
-            const options = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = .extern_options_type }, params[1]);
+            const options = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .extern_options_type } }, params[1]);
             const result = try gz.addExtendedPayload(.builtin_extern, Zir.Inst.BinNode{
                 .node = gz.nodeIndexToRelative(node),
                 .lhs = type_inst,
                 .rhs = options,
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .fence => {
-            const order = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .atomic_order_type }, params[0]);
+            const order = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .atomic_order_type } }, params[0]);
             const result = try gz.addExtendedPayload(.fence, Zir.Inst.UnNode{
                 .node = gz.nodeIndexToRelative(node),
                 .operand = order,
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .set_float_mode => {
-            const order = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .float_mode_type }, params[0]);
+            const order = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .float_mode_type } }, params[0]);
             const result = try gz.addExtendedPayload(.set_float_mode, Zir.Inst.UnNode{
                 .node = gz.nodeIndexToRelative(node),
                 .operand = order,
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .set_align_stack => {
-            const order = try expr(gz, scope, align_rl, params[0]);
+            const order = try expr(gz, scope, align_ri, params[0]);
             const result = try gz.addExtendedPayload(.set_align_stack, Zir.Inst.UnNode{
                 .node = gz.nodeIndexToRelative(node),
                 .operand = order,
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
 
         .src => {
@@ -7853,62 +7867,62 @@ fn builtinCall(
                 .line = astgen.source_line,
                 .column = astgen.source_column,
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
 
         // zig fmt: off
-        .This               => return rvalue(gz, rl, try gz.addNodeExtended(.this,               node), node),
-        .return_address     => return rvalue(gz, rl, try gz.addNodeExtended(.ret_addr,           node), node),
-        .error_return_trace => return rvalue(gz, rl, try gz.addNodeExtended(.error_return_trace, node), node),
-        .frame              => return rvalue(gz, rl, try gz.addNodeExtended(.frame,              node), node),
-        .frame_address      => return rvalue(gz, rl, try gz.addNodeExtended(.frame_address,      node), node),
-        .breakpoint         => return rvalue(gz, rl, try gz.addNodeExtended(.breakpoint, node), node),
-
-        .type_info   => return simpleUnOpType(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], .type_info),
-        .size_of     => return simpleUnOpType(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], .size_of),
-        .bit_size_of => return simpleUnOpType(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], .bit_size_of),
-        .align_of    => return simpleUnOpType(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], .align_of),
-
-        .ptr_to_int            => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .none,                               params[0], .ptr_to_int),
-        .compile_error         => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type },     params[0], .compile_error),
-        .set_eval_branch_quota => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .{ .coerced_ty = .u32_type },        params[0], .set_eval_branch_quota),
-        .enum_to_int           => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .none,                               params[0], .enum_to_int),
-        .bool_to_int           => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, bool_rl,                             params[0], .bool_to_int),
-        .embed_file            => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type },     params[0], .embed_file),
-        .error_name            => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .{ .ty = .anyerror_type },           params[0], .error_name),
-        .set_cold              => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, bool_rl,                             params[0], .set_cold),
-        .set_runtime_safety    => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, bool_rl,                             params[0], .set_runtime_safety),
-        .sqrt                  => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .none,                               params[0], .sqrt),
-        .sin                   => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .none,                               params[0], .sin),
-        .cos                   => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .none,                               params[0], .cos),
-        .tan                   => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .none,                               params[0], .tan),
-        .exp                   => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .none,                               params[0], .exp),
-        .exp2                  => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .none,                               params[0], .exp2),
-        .log                   => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .none,                               params[0], .log),
-        .log2                  => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .none,                               params[0], .log2),
-        .log10                 => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .none,                               params[0], .log10),
-        .fabs                  => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .none,                               params[0], .fabs),
-        .floor                 => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .none,                               params[0], .floor),
-        .ceil                  => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .none,                               params[0], .ceil),
-        .trunc                 => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .none,                               params[0], .trunc),
-        .round                 => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .none,                               params[0], .round),
-        .tag_name              => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .none,                               params[0], .tag_name),
-        .type_name             => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .none,                               params[0], .type_name),
-        .Frame                 => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .none,                               params[0], .frame_type),
-        .frame_size            => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .none,                               params[0], .frame_size),
-
-        .float_to_int => return typeCast(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], params[1], .float_to_int),
-        .int_to_float => return typeCast(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], params[1], .int_to_float),
-        .int_to_ptr   => return typeCast(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], params[1], .int_to_ptr),
-        .int_to_enum  => return typeCast(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], params[1], .int_to_enum),
-        .float_cast   => return typeCast(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], params[1], .float_cast),
-        .int_cast     => return typeCast(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], params[1], .int_cast),
-        .ptr_cast     => return typeCast(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], params[1], .ptr_cast),
-        .truncate     => return typeCast(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], params[1], .truncate),
+        .This               => return rvalue(gz, ri, try gz.addNodeExtended(.this,               node), node),
+        .return_address     => return rvalue(gz, ri, try gz.addNodeExtended(.ret_addr,           node), node),
+        .error_return_trace => return rvalue(gz, ri, try gz.addNodeExtended(.error_return_trace, node), node),
+        .frame              => return rvalue(gz, ri, try gz.addNodeExtended(.frame,              node), node),
+        .frame_address      => return rvalue(gz, ri, try gz.addNodeExtended(.frame_address,      node), node),
+        .breakpoint         => return rvalue(gz, ri, try gz.addNodeExtended(.breakpoint, node), node),
+
+        .type_info   => return simpleUnOpType(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], .type_info),
+        .size_of     => return simpleUnOpType(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], .size_of),
+        .bit_size_of => return simpleUnOpType(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], .bit_size_of),
+        .align_of    => return simpleUnOpType(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], .align_of),
+
+        .ptr_to_int            => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .none },                           params[0], .ptr_to_int),
+        .compile_error         => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type } }, params[0], .compile_error),
+        .set_eval_branch_quota => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .u32_type } },    params[0], .set_eval_branch_quota),
+        .enum_to_int           => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .none },                           params[0], .enum_to_int),
+        .bool_to_int           => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, bool_ri,                                    params[0], .bool_to_int),
+        .embed_file            => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type } }, params[0], .embed_file),
+        .error_name            => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .anyerror_type } },       params[0], .error_name),
+        .set_cold              => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, bool_ri,                                    params[0], .set_cold),
+        .set_runtime_safety    => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, bool_ri,                                    params[0], .set_runtime_safety),
+        .sqrt                  => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .none },                           params[0], .sqrt),
+        .sin                   => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .none },                           params[0], .sin),
+        .cos                   => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .none },                           params[0], .cos),
+        .tan                   => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .none },                           params[0], .tan),
+        .exp                   => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .none },                           params[0], .exp),
+        .exp2                  => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .none },                           params[0], .exp2),
+        .log                   => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .none },                           params[0], .log),
+        .log2                  => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .none },                           params[0], .log2),
+        .log10                 => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .none },                           params[0], .log10),
+        .fabs                  => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .none },                           params[0], .fabs),
+        .floor                 => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .none },                           params[0], .floor),
+        .ceil                  => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .none },                           params[0], .ceil),
+        .trunc                 => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .none },                           params[0], .trunc),
+        .round                 => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .none },                           params[0], .round),
+        .tag_name              => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .none },                           params[0], .tag_name),
+        .type_name             => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .none },                           params[0], .type_name),
+        .Frame                 => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .none },                           params[0], .frame_type),
+        .frame_size            => return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .none },                           params[0], .frame_size),
+
+        .float_to_int => return typeCast(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], params[1], .float_to_int),
+        .int_to_float => return typeCast(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], params[1], .int_to_float),
+        .int_to_ptr   => return typeCast(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], params[1], .int_to_ptr),
+        .int_to_enum  => return typeCast(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], params[1], .int_to_enum),
+        .float_cast   => return typeCast(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], params[1], .float_cast),
+        .int_cast     => return typeCast(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], params[1], .int_cast),
+        .ptr_cast     => return typeCast(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], params[1], .ptr_cast),
+        .truncate     => return typeCast(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], params[1], .truncate),
         // zig fmt: on
 
         .Type => {
-            const operand = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .type_info_type }, params[0]);
+            const operand = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .type_info_type } }, params[0]);
 
             const gpa = gz.astgen.gpa;
 
@@ -7930,219 +7944,219 @@ fn builtinCall(
             });
             gz.instructions.appendAssumeCapacity(new_index);
             const result = indexToRef(new_index);
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .panic => {
             try emitDbgNode(gz, node);
-            return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, rl, node, .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type }, params[0], if (gz.force_comptime) .panic_comptime else .panic);
+            return simpleUnOp(gz, scope, ri, node, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type } }, params[0], if (gz.force_comptime) .panic_comptime else .panic);
         },
         .error_to_int => {
-            const operand = try expr(gz, scope, .none, params[0]);
+            const operand = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[0]);
             const result = try gz.addExtendedPayload(.error_to_int, Zir.Inst.UnNode{
                 .node = gz.nodeIndexToRelative(node),
                 .operand = operand,
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .int_to_error => {
-            const operand = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .u16_type }, params[0]);
+            const operand = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .u16_type } }, params[0]);
             const result = try gz.addExtendedPayload(.int_to_error, Zir.Inst.UnNode{
                 .node = gz.nodeIndexToRelative(node),
                 .operand = operand,
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .align_cast => {
-            const dest_align = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, align_rl, params[0]);
-            const rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .none, params[1]);
+            const dest_align = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, align_ri, params[0]);
+            const rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[1]);
             const result = try gz.addPlNode(.align_cast, node, Zir.Inst.Bin{
                 .lhs = dest_align,
                 .rhs = rhs,
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .err_set_cast => {
             const result = try gz.addExtendedPayload(.err_set_cast, Zir.Inst.BinNode{
                 .lhs = try typeExpr(gz, scope, params[0]),
-                .rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .none, params[1]),
+                .rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[1]),
                 .node = gz.nodeIndexToRelative(node),
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .addrspace_cast => {
             const result = try gz.addExtendedPayload(.addrspace_cast, Zir.Inst.BinNode{
-                .lhs = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = .address_space_type }, params[0]),
-                .rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .none, params[1]),
+                .lhs = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .address_space_type } }, params[0]),
+                .rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[1]),
                 .node = gz.nodeIndexToRelative(node),
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
 
         // zig fmt: off
-        .has_decl  => return hasDeclOrField(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], params[1], .has_decl),
-        .has_field => return hasDeclOrField(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], params[1], .has_field),
+        .has_decl  => return hasDeclOrField(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], params[1], .has_decl),
+        .has_field => return hasDeclOrField(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], params[1], .has_field),
 
-        .clz         => return bitBuiltin(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], .clz),
-        .ctz         => return bitBuiltin(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], .ctz),
-        .pop_count   => return bitBuiltin(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], .pop_count),
-        .byte_swap   => return bitBuiltin(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], .byte_swap),
-        .bit_reverse => return bitBuiltin(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], .bit_reverse),
+        .clz         => return bitBuiltin(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], .clz),
+        .ctz         => return bitBuiltin(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], .ctz),
+        .pop_count   => return bitBuiltin(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], .pop_count),
+        .byte_swap   => return bitBuiltin(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], .byte_swap),
+        .bit_reverse => return bitBuiltin(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], .bit_reverse),
 
-        .div_exact => return divBuiltin(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], params[1], .div_exact),
-        .div_floor => return divBuiltin(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], params[1], .div_floor),
-        .div_trunc => return divBuiltin(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], params[1], .div_trunc),
-        .mod       => return divBuiltin(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], params[1], .mod),
-        .rem       => return divBuiltin(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], params[1], .rem),
+        .div_exact => return divBuiltin(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], params[1], .div_exact),
+        .div_floor => return divBuiltin(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], params[1], .div_floor),
+        .div_trunc => return divBuiltin(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], params[1], .div_trunc),
+        .mod       => return divBuiltin(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], params[1], .mod),
+        .rem       => return divBuiltin(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], params[1], .rem),
 
-        .shl_exact => return shiftOp(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], params[1], .shl_exact),
-        .shr_exact => return shiftOp(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], params[1], .shr_exact),
+        .shl_exact => return shiftOp(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], params[1], .shl_exact),
+        .shr_exact => return shiftOp(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], params[1], .shr_exact),
 
-        .bit_offset_of  => return offsetOf(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], params[1], .bit_offset_of),
-        .offset_of => return offsetOf(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], params[1], .offset_of),
+        .bit_offset_of  => return offsetOf(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], params[1], .bit_offset_of),
+        .offset_of => return offsetOf(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], params[1], .offset_of),
 
-        .c_undef   => return simpleCBuiltin(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], .c_undef),
-        .c_include => return simpleCBuiltin(gz, scope, rl, node, params[0], .c_include),
+        .c_undef   => return simpleCBuiltin(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], .c_undef),
+        .c_include => return simpleCBuiltin(gz, scope, ri, node, params[0], .c_include),
 
-        .cmpxchg_strong => return cmpxchg(gz, scope, rl, node, params, 1),
-        .cmpxchg_weak   => return cmpxchg(gz, scope, rl, node, params, 0),
+        .cmpxchg_strong => return cmpxchg(gz, scope, ri, node, params, 1),
+        .cmpxchg_weak   => return cmpxchg(gz, scope, ri, node, params, 0),
         // zig fmt: on
 
         .wasm_memory_size => {
-            const operand = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .u32_type }, params[0]);
+            const operand = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .u32_type } }, params[0]);
             const result = try gz.addExtendedPayload(.wasm_memory_size, Zir.Inst.UnNode{
                 .node = gz.nodeIndexToRelative(node),
                 .operand = operand,
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .wasm_memory_grow => {
-            const index_arg = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .u32_type }, params[0]);
-            const delta_arg = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .u32_type }, params[1]);
+            const index_arg = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .u32_type } }, params[0]);
+            const delta_arg = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .u32_type } }, params[1]);
             const result = try gz.addExtendedPayload(.wasm_memory_grow, Zir.Inst.BinNode{
                 .node = gz.nodeIndexToRelative(node),
                 .lhs = index_arg,
                 .rhs = delta_arg,
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .c_define => {
             if (!gz.c_import) return gz.astgen.failNode(node, "C define valid only inside C import block", .{});
-            const name = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type }, params[0]);
-            const value = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .none, params[1]);
+            const name = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type } }, params[0]);
+            const value = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[1]);
             const result = try gz.addExtendedPayload(.c_define, Zir.Inst.BinNode{
                 .node = gz.nodeIndexToRelative(node),
                 .lhs = name,
                 .rhs = value,
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
 
         .splat => {
-            const len = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .u32_type }, params[0]);
-            const scalar = try expr(gz, scope, .none, params[1]);
+            const len = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .u32_type } }, params[0]);
+            const scalar = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[1]);
             const result = try gz.addPlNode(.splat, node, Zir.Inst.Bin{
                 .lhs = len,
                 .rhs = scalar,
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .reduce => {
-            const op = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = .reduce_op_type }, params[0]);
-            const scalar = try expr(gz, scope, .none, params[1]);
+            const op = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .reduce_op_type } }, params[0]);
+            const scalar = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[1]);
             const result = try gz.addPlNode(.reduce, node, Zir.Inst.Bin{
                 .lhs = op,
                 .rhs = scalar,
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
 
         .max => {
-            const a = try expr(gz, scope, .none, params[0]);
-            const b = try expr(gz, scope, .none, params[1]);
+            const a = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[0]);
+            const b = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[1]);
             const result = try gz.addPlNode(.max, node, Zir.Inst.Bin{
                 .lhs = a,
                 .rhs = b,
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .min => {
-            const a = try expr(gz, scope, .none, params[0]);
-            const b = try expr(gz, scope, .none, params[1]);
+            const a = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[0]);
+            const b = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[1]);
             const result = try gz.addPlNode(.min, node, Zir.Inst.Bin{
                 .lhs = a,
                 .rhs = b,
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
 
-        .add_with_overflow => return overflowArithmetic(gz, scope, rl, node, params, .add_with_overflow),
-        .sub_with_overflow => return overflowArithmetic(gz, scope, rl, node, params, .sub_with_overflow),
-        .mul_with_overflow => return overflowArithmetic(gz, scope, rl, node, params, .mul_with_overflow),
+        .add_with_overflow => return overflowArithmetic(gz, scope, ri, node, params, .add_with_overflow),
+        .sub_with_overflow => return overflowArithmetic(gz, scope, ri, node, params, .sub_with_overflow),
+        .mul_with_overflow => return overflowArithmetic(gz, scope, ri, node, params, .mul_with_overflow),
         .shl_with_overflow => {
             const int_type = try typeExpr(gz, scope, params[0]);
             const log2_int_type = try gz.addUnNode(.log2_int_type, int_type, params[0]);
             const ptr_type = try gz.addUnNode(.overflow_arithmetic_ptr, int_type, params[0]);
-            const lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = int_type }, params[1]);
-            const rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = log2_int_type }, params[2]);
-            const ptr = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = ptr_type }, params[3]);
+            const lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = int_type } }, params[1]);
+            const rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = log2_int_type } }, params[2]);
+            const ptr = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = ptr_type } }, params[3]);
             const result = try gz.addExtendedPayload(.shl_with_overflow, Zir.Inst.OverflowArithmetic{
                 .node = gz.nodeIndexToRelative(node),
                 .lhs = lhs,
                 .rhs = rhs,
                 .ptr = ptr,
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
 
         .atomic_load => {
             const result = try gz.addPlNode(.atomic_load, node, Zir.Inst.AtomicLoad{
                 // zig fmt: off
-                .elem_type = try typeExpr(gz, scope,                                        params[0]),
-                .ptr       = try expr    (gz, scope, .none,                                 params[1]),
-                .ordering  = try expr    (gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .atomic_order_type }, params[2]),
+                .elem_type = try typeExpr(gz, scope,                                                   params[0]),
+                .ptr       = try expr    (gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none },                                 params[1]),
+                .ordering  = try expr    (gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .atomic_order_type } }, params[2]),
                 // zig fmt: on
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .atomic_rmw => {
             const int_type = try typeExpr(gz, scope, params[0]);
             const result = try gz.addPlNode(.atomic_rmw, node, Zir.Inst.AtomicRmw{
                 // zig fmt: off
-                .ptr       = try expr(gz, scope, .none,                                  params[1]),
-                .operation = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .atomic_rmw_op_type }, params[2]),
-                .operand   = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = int_type },                    params[3]),
-                .ordering  = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .atomic_order_type },  params[4]),
+                .ptr       = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none },                                  params[1]),
+                .operation = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .atomic_rmw_op_type } }, params[2]),
+                .operand   = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = int_type } },                    params[3]),
+                .ordering  = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .atomic_order_type } },  params[4]),
                 // zig fmt: on
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .atomic_store => {
             const int_type = try typeExpr(gz, scope, params[0]);
             const result = try gz.addPlNode(.atomic_store, node, Zir.Inst.AtomicStore{
                 // zig fmt: off
-                .ptr      = try expr(gz, scope, .none,                                 params[1]),
-                .operand  = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = int_type },                   params[2]),
-                .ordering = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .atomic_order_type }, params[3]),
+                .ptr      = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none },                                 params[1]),
+                .operand  = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = int_type } },                   params[2]),
+                .ordering = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .atomic_order_type } }, params[3]),
                 // zig fmt: on
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .mul_add => {
             const float_type = try typeExpr(gz, scope, params[0]);
-            const mulend1 = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = float_type }, params[1]);
-            const mulend2 = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = float_type }, params[2]);
-            const addend = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = float_type }, params[3]);
+            const mulend1 = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = float_type } }, params[1]);
+            const mulend2 = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = float_type } }, params[2]);
+            const addend = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = float_type } }, params[3]);
             const result = try gz.addPlNode(.mul_add, node, Zir.Inst.MulAdd{
                 .mulend1 = mulend1,
                 .mulend2 = mulend2,
                 .addend = addend,
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .call => {
-            const options = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = .call_options_type }, params[0]);
+            const options = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .call_options_type } }, params[0]);
             const callee = try calleeExpr(gz, scope, params[1]);
-            const args = try expr(gz, scope, .none, params[2]);
+            const args = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[2]);
             const result = try gz.addPlNode(.builtin_call, node, Zir.Inst.BuiltinCall{
                 .options = options,
                 .callee = callee,
@@ -8153,115 +8167,115 @@ fn builtinCall(
                     .ensure_result_used = false,
                 },
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .field_parent_ptr => {
             const parent_type = try typeExpr(gz, scope, params[0]);
-            const field_name = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type }, params[1]);
+            const field_name = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type } }, params[1]);
             const result = try gz.addPlNode(.field_parent_ptr, node, Zir.Inst.FieldParentPtr{
                 .parent_type = parent_type,
                 .field_name = field_name,
-                .field_ptr = try expr(gz, scope, .none, params[2]),
+                .field_ptr = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[2]),
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .memcpy => {
             const result = try gz.addPlNode(.memcpy, node, Zir.Inst.Memcpy{
-                .dest = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .manyptr_u8_type }, params[0]),
-                .source = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .manyptr_const_u8_type }, params[1]),
-                .byte_count = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .usize_type }, params[2]),
+                .dest = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .manyptr_u8_type } }, params[0]),
+                .source = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .manyptr_const_u8_type } }, params[1]),
+                .byte_count = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .usize_type } }, params[2]),
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .memset => {
             const result = try gz.addPlNode(.memset, node, Zir.Inst.Memset{
-                .dest = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .manyptr_u8_type }, params[0]),
-                .byte = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .u8_type }, params[1]),
-                .byte_count = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .usize_type }, params[2]),
+                .dest = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .manyptr_u8_type } }, params[0]),
+                .byte = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .u8_type } }, params[1]),
+                .byte_count = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .usize_type } }, params[2]),
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .shuffle => {
             const result = try gz.addPlNode(.shuffle, node, Zir.Inst.Shuffle{
                 .elem_type = try typeExpr(gz, scope, params[0]),
-                .a = try expr(gz, scope, .none, params[1]),
-                .b = try expr(gz, scope, .none, params[2]),
-                .mask = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .none, params[3]),
+                .a = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[1]),
+                .b = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[2]),
+                .mask = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[3]),
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .select => {
             const result = try gz.addExtendedPayload(.select, Zir.Inst.Select{
                 .node = gz.nodeIndexToRelative(node),
                 .elem_type = try typeExpr(gz, scope, params[0]),
-                .pred = try expr(gz, scope, .none, params[1]),
-                .a = try expr(gz, scope, .none, params[2]),
-                .b = try expr(gz, scope, .none, params[3]),
+                .pred = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[1]),
+                .a = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[2]),
+                .b = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[3]),
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .async_call => {
             const result = try gz.addExtendedPayload(.builtin_async_call, Zir.Inst.AsyncCall{
                 .node = gz.nodeIndexToRelative(node),
-                .frame_buffer = try expr(gz, scope, .none, params[0]),
-                .result_ptr = try expr(gz, scope, .none, params[1]),
-                .fn_ptr = try expr(gz, scope, .none, params[2]),
-                .args = try expr(gz, scope, .none, params[3]),
+                .frame_buffer = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[0]),
+                .result_ptr = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[1]),
+                .fn_ptr = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[2]),
+                .args = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[3]),
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .Vector => {
             const result = try gz.addPlNode(.vector_type, node, Zir.Inst.Bin{
-                .lhs = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .u32_type }, params[0]),
+                .lhs = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .u32_type } }, params[0]),
                 .rhs = try typeExpr(gz, scope, params[1]),
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
         .prefetch => {
-            const ptr = try expr(gz, scope, .none, params[0]);
-            const options = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = .prefetch_options_type }, params[1]);
+            const ptr = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, params[0]);
+            const options = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .prefetch_options_type } }, params[1]);
             const result = try gz.addExtendedPayload(.prefetch, Zir.Inst.BinNode{
                 .node = gz.nodeIndexToRelative(node),
                 .lhs = ptr,
                 .rhs = options,
             });
-            return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+            return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
         },
     }
 }
 
 fn simpleNoOpVoid(
     gz: *GenZir,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     tag: Zir.Inst.Tag,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     _ = try gz.addNode(tag, node);
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, .void_value, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, .void_value, node);
 }
 
 fn hasDeclOrField(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     lhs_node: Ast.Node.Index,
     rhs_node: Ast.Node.Index,
     tag: Zir.Inst.Tag,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const container_type = try typeExpr(gz, scope, lhs_node);
-    const name = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type }, rhs_node);
+    const name = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type } }, rhs_node);
     const result = try gz.addPlNode(tag, node, Zir.Inst.Bin{
         .lhs = container_type,
         .rhs = name,
     });
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
 }
 
 fn typeCast(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     lhs_node: Ast.Node.Index,
     rhs_node: Ast.Node.Index,
@@ -8269,42 +8283,42 @@ fn typeCast(
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const result = try gz.addPlNode(tag, node, Zir.Inst.Bin{
         .lhs = try typeExpr(gz, scope, lhs_node),
-        .rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .none, rhs_node),
+        .rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, rhs_node),
     });
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
 }
 
 fn simpleUnOpType(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     operand_node: Ast.Node.Index,
     tag: Zir.Inst.Tag,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const operand = try typeExpr(gz, scope, operand_node);
     const result = try gz.addUnNode(tag, operand, node);
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
 }
 
 fn simpleUnOp(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
-    operand_rl: ResultLoc,
+    operand_ri: ResultInfo,
     operand_node: Ast.Node.Index,
     tag: Zir.Inst.Tag,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
-    const operand = try expr(gz, scope, operand_rl, operand_node);
+    const operand = try expr(gz, scope, operand_ri, operand_node);
     const result = try gz.addUnNode(tag, operand, node);
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
 }
 
 fn negation(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const astgen = gz.astgen;
@@ -8316,18 +8330,18 @@ fn negation(
     // its negativity rather than having it go through comptime subtraction.
     const operand_node = node_datas[node].lhs;
     if (node_tags[operand_node] == .number_literal) {
-        return numberLiteral(gz, rl, operand_node, node, .negative);
+        return numberLiteral(gz, ri, operand_node, node, .negative);
     }
 
-    const operand = try expr(gz, scope, .none, operand_node);
+    const operand = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, operand_node);
     const result = try gz.addUnNode(.negate, operand, node);
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
 }
 
 fn cmpxchg(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     params: []const Ast.Node.Index,
     small: u16,
@@ -8336,98 +8350,98 @@ fn cmpxchg(
     const result = try gz.addExtendedPayloadSmall(.cmpxchg, small, Zir.Inst.Cmpxchg{
         // zig fmt: off
         .node           = gz.nodeIndexToRelative(node),
-        .ptr            = try expr(gz, scope, .none,                                 params[1]),
-        .expected_value = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = int_type },                   params[2]),
-        .new_value      = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = int_type },           params[3]),
-        .success_order  = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .atomic_order_type }, params[4]),
-        .failure_order  = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .coerced_ty = .atomic_order_type }, params[5]),
+        .ptr            = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none },                                 params[1]),
+        .expected_value = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = int_type } },                   params[2]),
+        .new_value      = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = int_type } },           params[3]),
+        .success_order  = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .atomic_order_type } }, params[4]),
+        .failure_order  = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = .atomic_order_type } }, params[5]),
         // zig fmt: on
     });
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
 }
 
 fn bitBuiltin(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     operand_node: Ast.Node.Index,
     tag: Zir.Inst.Tag,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
-    const operand = try expr(gz, scope, .none, operand_node);
+    const operand = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, operand_node);
     const result = try gz.addUnNode(tag, operand, node);
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
 }
 
 fn divBuiltin(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     lhs_node: Ast.Node.Index,
     rhs_node: Ast.Node.Index,
     tag: Zir.Inst.Tag,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const result = try gz.addPlNode(tag, node, Zir.Inst.Bin{
-        .lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .none, lhs_node),
-        .rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .none, rhs_node),
+        .lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, lhs_node),
+        .rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, rhs_node),
     });
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
 }
 
 fn simpleCBuiltin(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     operand_node: Ast.Node.Index,
     tag: Zir.Inst.Extended,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const name: []const u8 = if (tag == .c_undef) "C undef" else "C include";
     if (!gz.c_import) return gz.astgen.failNode(node, "{s} valid only inside C import block", .{name});
-    const operand = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type }, operand_node);
+    const operand = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type } }, operand_node);
     _ = try gz.addExtendedPayload(tag, Zir.Inst.UnNode{
         .node = gz.nodeIndexToRelative(node),
         .operand = operand,
     });
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, .void_value, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, .void_value, node);
 }
 
 fn offsetOf(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     lhs_node: Ast.Node.Index,
     rhs_node: Ast.Node.Index,
     tag: Zir.Inst.Tag,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const type_inst = try typeExpr(gz, scope, lhs_node);
-    const field_name = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type }, rhs_node);
+    const field_name = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type } }, rhs_node);
     const result = try gz.addPlNode(tag, node, Zir.Inst.Bin{
         .lhs = type_inst,
         .rhs = field_name,
     });
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
 }
 
 fn shiftOp(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     lhs_node: Ast.Node.Index,
     rhs_node: Ast.Node.Index,
     tag: Zir.Inst.Tag,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
-    const lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .none, lhs_node);
+    const lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, lhs_node);
     const log2_int_type = try gz.addUnNode(.typeof_log2_int_type, lhs, lhs_node);
-    const rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .ty_shift_operand = log2_int_type }, rhs_node);
+    const rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = log2_int_type }, .ctx = .shift_op }, rhs_node);
     const result = try gz.addPlNode(tag, node, Zir.Inst.Bin{
         .lhs = lhs,
         .rhs = rhs,
     });
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
 }
 
 fn cImport(
@@ -8445,7 +8459,7 @@ fn cImport(
     defer block_scope.unstack();
 
     const block_inst = try gz.makeBlockInst(.c_import, node);
-    const block_result = try expr(&block_scope, &block_scope.base, .none, body_node);
+    const block_result = try expr(&block_scope, &block_scope.base, .{ .rl = .none }, body_node);
     _ = try gz.addUnNode(.ensure_result_used, block_result, node);
     if (!gz.refIsNoReturn(block_result)) {
         _ = try block_scope.addBreak(.break_inline, block_inst, .void_value);
@@ -8460,29 +8474,29 @@ fn cImport(
 fn overflowArithmetic(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     params: []const Ast.Node.Index,
     tag: Zir.Inst.Extended,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
     const int_type = try typeExpr(gz, scope, params[0]);
     const ptr_type = try gz.addUnNode(.overflow_arithmetic_ptr, int_type, params[0]);
-    const lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = int_type }, params[1]);
-    const rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = int_type }, params[2]);
-    const ptr = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = ptr_type }, params[3]);
+    const lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = int_type } }, params[1]);
+    const rhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = int_type } }, params[2]);
+    const ptr = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = ptr_type } }, params[3]);
     const result = try gz.addExtendedPayload(tag, Zir.Inst.OverflowArithmetic{
         .node = gz.nodeIndexToRelative(node),
         .lhs = lhs,
         .rhs = rhs,
         .ptr = ptr,
     });
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, result, node);
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, result, node);
 }
 
 fn callExpr(
     gz: *GenZir,
     scope: *Scope,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     node: Ast.Node.Index,
     call: Ast.full.Call,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
@@ -8534,7 +8548,7 @@ fn callExpr(
         defer arg_block.unstack();
 
         // `call_inst` is reused to provide the param type.
-        const arg_ref = try expr(&arg_block, &arg_block.base, .{ .coerced_ty = call_inst }, param_node);
+        const arg_ref = try expr(&arg_block, &arg_block.base, .{ .rl = .{ .coerced_ty = call_inst } }, param_node);
         _ = try arg_block.addBreak(.break_inline, call_index, arg_ref);
 
         const body = arg_block.instructionsSlice();
@@ -8547,13 +8561,8 @@ fn callExpr(
 
     // If our result location is a try/catch/error-union-if/return, the error trace propagates.
     // Otherwise, it should always be popped (handled in Sema).
-    const propagate_error_trace = switch (rl) {
-        .catch_none, .catch_ref => true, // Propagate to try/catch/error-union-if
-        .ptr, .ty => |ref| b: { // Otherwise, propagate if result loc is a return
-            const inst = refToIndex(ref) orelse break :b false;
-            const zir_tags = astgen.instructions.items(.tag);
-            break :b zir_tags[inst] == .ret_ptr or zir_tags[inst] == .ret_type;
-        },
+    const propagate_error_trace = switch (ri.ctx) {
+        .error_handling_expr, .@"return" => true, // Propagate to try/catch/error-union-if and return
         else => false,
     };
 
@@ -8575,7 +8584,7 @@ fn callExpr(
             .payload_index = payload_index,
         } },
     });
-    return rvalue(gz, rl, call_inst, node); // TODO function call with result location
+    return rvalue(gz, ri, call_inst, node); // TODO function call with result location
 }
 
 /// calleeExpr generates the function part of a call expression (f in f(x)), or the
@@ -8596,7 +8605,7 @@ fn calleeExpr(
 
     const tag = tree.nodes.items(.tag)[node];
     switch (tag) {
-        .field_access => return addFieldAccess(.field_call_bind, gz, scope, .ref, node),
+        .field_access => return addFieldAccess(.field_call_bind, gz, scope, .{ .rl = .ref }, node),
 
         .builtin_call_two,
         .builtin_call_two_comma,
@@ -8628,8 +8637,8 @@ fn calleeExpr(
             // If anything is wrong, fall back to builtinCall.
             // It will emit any necessary compile errors and notes.
             if (std.mem.eql(u8, builtin_name, "@field") and params.len == 2) {
-                const lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .ref, params[0]);
-                const field_name = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type }, params[1]);
+                const lhs = try expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .ref }, params[0]);
+                const field_name = try comptimeExpr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .{ .ty = .const_slice_u8_type } }, params[1]);
                 return gz.addExtendedPayload(.field_call_bind_named, Zir.Inst.FieldNamedNode{
                     .node = gz.nodeIndexToRelative(node),
                     .lhs = lhs,
@@ -8637,9 +8646,9 @@ fn calleeExpr(
                 });
             }
 
-            return builtinCall(gz, scope, .none, node, params);
+            return builtinCall(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, node, params);
         },
-        else => return expr(gz, scope, .none, node),
+        else => return expr(gz, scope, .{ .rl = .none }, node),
     }
 }
 
@@ -9655,7 +9664,7 @@ fn nodeUsesAnonNameStrategy(tree: *const Ast, node: Ast.Node.Index) bool {
 /// Assumes nothing stacked on `gz`.
 fn rvalue(
     gz: *GenZir,
-    rl: ResultLoc,
+    ri: ResultInfo,
     raw_result: Zir.Inst.Ref,
     src_node: Ast.Node.Index,
 ) InnerError!Zir.Inst.Ref {
@@ -9670,14 +9679,14 @@ fn rvalue(
         break :r raw_result;
     };
     if (gz.endsWithNoReturn()) return result;
-    switch (rl) {
-        .none, .catch_none, .coerced_ty => return result,
+    switch (ri.rl) {
+        .none, .coerced_ty => return result,
         .discard => {
             // Emit a compile error for discarding error values.
             _ = try gz.addUnNode(.ensure_result_non_error, result, src_node);
             return result;
         },
-        .ref, .catch_ref => {
+        .ref => {
             // We need a pointer but we have a value.
             // Unfortunately it's not quite as simple as directly emitting a ref
             // instruction here because we need subsequent address-of operator on
@@ -9696,7 +9705,7 @@ fn rvalue(
             }
             return indexToRef(gop.value_ptr.*);
         },
-        .ty, .ty_shift_operand => |ty_inst| {
+        .ty => |ty_inst| {
             // Quickly eliminate some common, unnecessary type coercion.
             const as_ty = @as(u64, @enumToInt(Zir.Inst.Ref.type_type)) << 32;
             const as_comptime_int = @as(u64, @enumToInt(Zir.Inst.Ref.comptime_int_type)) << 32;
@@ -9757,7 +9766,7 @@ fn rvalue(
                 => return result, // type of result is already correct
 
                 // Need an explicit type coercion instruction.
-                else => return gz.addPlNode(rl.zirTag(), src_node, Zir.Inst.As{
+                else => return gz.addPlNode(ri.zirTag(), src_node, Zir.Inst.As{
                     .dest_type = ty_inst,
                     .operand = result,
                 }),
@@ -10451,8 +10460,8 @@ const GenZir = struct {
     label: ?Label = null,
     break_block: Zir.Inst.Index = 0,
     continue_block: Zir.Inst.Index = 0,
-    /// Only valid when setBreakResultLoc is called.
-    break_result_loc: AstGen.ResultLoc = undefined,
+    /// Only valid when setBreakResultInfo is called.
+    break_result_info: AstGen.ResultInfo = undefined,
     /// When a block has a pointer result location, here it is.
     rl_ptr: Zir.Inst.Ref = .none,
     /// When a block has a type result location, here it is.
@@ -10562,7 +10571,7 @@ const GenZir = struct {
     fn finishCoercion(
         as_scope: *GenZir,
         parent_gz: *GenZir,
-        rl: ResultLoc,
+        ri: ResultInfo,
         src_node: Ast.Node.Index,
         result: Zir.Inst.Ref,
         dest_type: Zir.Inst.Ref,
@@ -10588,7 +10597,7 @@ const GenZir = struct {
             as_scope.instructions_top = GenZir.unstacked_top;
             // as_scope now unstacked, can add new instructions to parent_gz
             const casted_result = try parent_gz.addBin(.as, dest_type, result);
-            return rvalue(parent_gz, rl, casted_result, src_node);
+            return rvalue(parent_gz, ri, casted_result, src_node);
         } else {
             // implicitly move all as_scope instructions to parent_gz
             as_scope.instructions_top = GenZir.unstacked_top;
@@ -10631,7 +10640,7 @@ const GenZir = struct {
         return gz.astgen.tree.firstToken(gz.decl_node_index);
     }
 
-    fn setBreakResultLoc(gz: *GenZir, parent_rl: AstGen.ResultLoc) void {
+    fn setBreakResultInfo(gz: *GenZir, parent_ri: AstGen.ResultInfo) void {
         // Depending on whether the result location is a pointer or value, different
         // ZIR needs to be generated. In the former case we rely on storing to the
         // pointer to communicate the result, and use breakvoid; in the latter case
@@ -10640,32 +10649,32 @@ const GenZir = struct {
         // the scenario where the result location is not consumed. In this case
         // we emit ZIR for the block break instructions to have the result values,
         // and then rvalue() on that to pass the value to the result location.
-        switch (parent_rl) {
-            .ty, .ty_shift_operand, .coerced_ty => |ty_inst| {
+        switch (parent_ri.rl) {
+            .ty, .coerced_ty => |ty_inst| {
                 gz.rl_ty_inst = ty_inst;
-                gz.break_result_loc = parent_rl;
+                gz.break_result_info = parent_ri;
             },
 
-            .discard, .none, .catch_none, .ref, .catch_ref => {
+            .discard, .none, .ref => {
                 gz.rl_ty_inst = .none;
-                gz.break_result_loc = parent_rl;
+                gz.break_result_info = parent_ri;
             },
 
             .ptr => |ptr_res| {
                 gz.rl_ty_inst = .none;
-                gz.break_result_loc = .{ .ptr = .{ .inst = ptr_res.inst } };
+                gz.break_result_info = .{ .rl = .{ .ptr = .{ .inst = ptr_res.inst } } };
             },
 
             .inferred_ptr => |ptr| {
                 gz.rl_ty_inst = .none;
                 gz.rl_ptr = ptr;
-                gz.break_result_loc = .{ .block_ptr = gz };
+                gz.break_result_info = .{ .rl = .{ .block_ptr = gz }, .ctx = parent_ri.ctx };
             },
 
             .block_ptr => |parent_block_scope| {
                 gz.rl_ty_inst = parent_block_scope.rl_ty_inst;
                 gz.rl_ptr = parent_block_scope.rl_ptr;
-                gz.break_result_loc = .{ .block_ptr = gz };
+                gz.break_result_info = .{ .rl = .{ .block_ptr = gz }, .ctx = parent_ri.ctx };
             },
         }
     }
@@ -11815,10 +11824,10 @@ const GenZir = struct {
         return new_index;
     }
 
-    fn addRet(gz: *GenZir, rl: ResultLoc, operand: Zir.Inst.Ref, node: Ast.Node.Index) !void {
-        switch (rl) {
+    fn addRet(gz: *GenZir, ri: ResultInfo, operand: Zir.Inst.Ref, node: Ast.Node.Index) !void {
+        switch (ri.rl) {
             .ptr => |ptr_res| _ = try gz.addUnNode(.ret_load, ptr_res.inst, node),
-            .ty, .ty_shift_operand => _ = try gz.addUnNode(.ret_node, operand, node),
+            .ty => _ = try gz.addUnNode(.ret_node, operand, node),
             else => unreachable,
         }
     }
test/behavior/bugs/12891.zig
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ test "issue12891" {
     try std.testing.expect(i < f);
 }
 test "nan" {
+    if (builtin.zig_backend == .stage1) return error.SkipZigTest; // TODO
     if (builtin.zig_backend == .stage2_c) return error.SkipZigTest; // TODO
 
     const f = comptime std.math.nan(f64);