Commit 2f259b8176

Andrew Kelley <superjoe30@gmail.com>
2016-12-02 05:25:09
IR: re-organize where state goes to prepare for generics
* Rip out legacy code for generics * put scope in instruction instead of AST nodes * separate top level decl stuff from AST nodes - remove the assumption that there is a 1:1 correspondence between an output instruction and an AST node - This way we won't have to clone AST nodes for generics.
1 parent f6cbb73
src/all_types.hpp
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ struct AstNode;
 struct ImportTableEntry;
 struct FnTableEntry;
 struct Scope;
+struct ScopeBlock;
+struct ScopeFnDef;
 struct TypeTableEntry;
 struct VariableTableEntry;
 struct ErrorTableEntry;
@@ -33,6 +35,13 @@ struct IrInstructionCast;
 struct IrBasicBlock;
 struct ScopeDecls;
 
+struct IrGotoItem {
+    AstNode *source_node;
+    IrBasicBlock *bb;
+    size_t instruction_index;
+    Scope *scope;
+};
+
 struct IrExecutable {
     ZigList<IrBasicBlock *> basic_block_list;
     size_t mem_slot_count;
@@ -41,8 +50,9 @@ struct IrExecutable {
     size_t backward_branch_quota;
     bool invalid;
     ZigList<LabelTableEntry *> all_labels;
-    ZigList<AstNode *> goto_list;
+    ZigList<IrGotoItem> goto_list;
     bool is_inline;
+    FnTableEntry *fn_entry;
 };
 
 enum OutType {
@@ -129,36 +139,62 @@ enum ReturnKnowledge {
     ReturnKnowledgeSkipDefers,
 };
 
-struct StructValExprCodeGen {
-    TypeTableEntry *type_entry;
-    LLVMValueRef ptr;
-    AstNode *source_node;
-};
-
 enum VisibMod {
     VisibModPrivate,
     VisibModPub,
     VisibModExport,
 };
 
+enum TldId {
+    TldIdVar,
+    TldIdFn,
+    TldIdContainer,
+    TldIdTypeDef,
+};
+
 enum TldResolution {
     TldResolutionUnresolved,
     TldResolutionInvalid,
     TldResolutionOk,
 };
 
-struct TopLevelDecl {
-    // populated by parser
+struct Tld {
+    TldId id;
     Buf *name;
     VisibMod visib_mod;
+    AstNode *source_node;
 
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
     ImportTableEntry *import;
+    Scope *parent_scope;
     // set this flag temporarily to detect infinite loops
     bool dep_loop_flag;
     TldResolution resolution;
-    AstNode *parent_decl;
-    IrInstruction *value;
+    Tld *parent_tld;
+};
+
+struct TldVar {
+    Tld base;
+
+    VariableTableEntry *var;
+};
+
+struct TldFn {
+    Tld base;
+
+    FnTableEntry *fn_entry;
+};
+
+struct TldContainer {
+    Tld base;
+
+    ScopeDecls *decls_scope;
+    TypeTableEntry *type_entry;
+};
+
+struct TldTypeDef {
+    Tld base;
+
+    TypeTableEntry *type_entry;
 };
 
 struct TypeEnumField {
@@ -223,7 +259,7 @@ struct AstNodeRoot {
 };
 
 struct AstNodeFnProto {
-    TopLevelDecl top_level_decl;
+    VisibMod visib_mod;
     Buf *name;
     ZigList<AstNode *> params;
     AstNode *return_type;
@@ -232,28 +268,12 @@ struct AstNodeFnProto {
     bool is_inline;
     bool is_coldcc;
     bool is_nakedcc;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer:
-
-    // the function definition this fn proto is inside. can be null.
     AstNode *fn_def_node;
-    FnTableEntry *fn_table_entry;
-    bool skip;
-    // computed from params field
-    size_t inline_arg_count;
-    size_t inline_or_var_type_arg_count;
-    // if this is a generic function implementation, this points to the generic node
-    AstNode *generic_proto_node;
 };
 
 struct AstNodeFnDef {
     AstNode *fn_proto;
     AstNode *body;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
-    TypeTableEntry *implicit_return_type;
-    Scope *containing_scope;
-    Scope *child_scope;
 };
 
 struct AstNodeFnDecl {
@@ -265,21 +285,10 @@ struct AstNodeParamDecl {
     AstNode *type;
     bool is_noalias;
     bool is_inline;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
-    VariableTableEntry *variable;
 };
 
 struct AstNodeBlock {
     ZigList<AstNode *> statements;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
-    // this one is the scope that the block itself introduces
-    Scope *child_block;
-    // this is the innermost scope created by defers and var decls.
-    // you can follow its parents up to child_block. it will equal
-    // child_block if there are no defers or var decls in the block.
-    Scope *nested_block;
 };
 
 enum ReturnKind {
@@ -298,14 +307,13 @@ struct AstNodeDefer {
     ReturnKind kind;
     AstNode *expr;
 
-    // populated by semantic analyzer:
-    size_t index_in_block;
-    LLVMBasicBlockRef basic_block;
-    Scope *child_block;
+    // temporary data used in IR generation
+    // TODO populate during gen_defer
+    Scope *child_scope;
 };
 
 struct AstNodeVariableDeclaration {
-    TopLevelDecl top_level_decl;
+    VisibMod visib_mod;
     Buf *symbol;
     bool is_const;
     bool is_inline;
@@ -313,28 +321,19 @@ struct AstNodeVariableDeclaration {
     // one or both of type and expr will be non null
     AstNode *type;
     AstNode *expr;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
-    VariableTableEntry *variable;
 };
 
 struct AstNodeTypeDecl {
-    TopLevelDecl top_level_decl;
+    VisibMod visib_mod;
     Buf *symbol;
     AstNode *child_type;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
-    // if this is set, don't process the node; we've already done so
-    // and here is the type (with id TypeTableEntryIdTypeDecl)
-    TypeTableEntry *override_type;
-    TypeTableEntry *child_type_entry;
 };
 
 struct AstNodeErrorValueDecl {
-    TopLevelDecl top_level_decl;
+    // always invalid if it's not VisibModPrivate but can be parsed that way
+    VisibMod visib_mod;
     Buf *name;
 
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
     ErrorTableEntry *err;
 };
 
@@ -388,19 +387,12 @@ struct AstNodeBinOpExpr {
     AstNode *op1;
     BinOpType bin_op;
     AstNode *op2;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer:
-    // for when op is BinOpTypeAssign
-    VariableTableEntry *var_entry;
 };
 
 struct AstNodeUnwrapErrorExpr {
     AstNode *op1;
     AstNode *symbol; // can be null
     AstNode *op2;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer:
-    VariableTableEntry *var;
 };
 
 enum CastOp {
@@ -429,21 +421,11 @@ struct AstNodeFnCallExpr {
     AstNode *fn_ref_expr;
     ZigList<AstNode *> params;
     bool is_builtin;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer:
-    BuiltinFnEntry *builtin_fn;
-    FnTableEntry *fn_entry;
-    CastOp cast_op;
-    // if cast_op is CastOpArrayToString, this will be a pointer to
-    // the string struct on the stack
-    LLVMValueRef tmp_ptr;
 };
 
 struct AstNodeArrayAccessExpr {
     AstNode *array_ref_expr;
     AstNode *subscript;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer:
 };
 
 struct AstNodeSliceExpr {
@@ -451,22 +433,11 @@ struct AstNodeSliceExpr {
     AstNode *start;
     AstNode *end;
     bool is_const;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer:
-    StructValExprCodeGen resolved_struct_val_expr;
 };
 
 struct AstNodeFieldAccessExpr {
     AstNode *struct_expr;
     Buf *field_name;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
-    TypeStructField *type_struct_field;
-    TypeEnumField *type_enum_field;
-    StructValExprCodeGen resolved_struct_val_expr; // for enum values
-    TypeTableEntry *bare_container_type;
-    bool is_member_fn;
-    AstNode *container_init_expr_node;
 };
 
 enum PrefixOp {
@@ -487,24 +458,21 @@ enum PrefixOp {
 struct AstNodePrefixOpExpr {
     PrefixOp prefix_op;
     AstNode *primary_expr;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
 };
 
 struct AstNodeUse {
+    VisibMod visib_mod;
     AstNode *expr;
 
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
-    TopLevelDecl top_level_decl;
+    TldResolution resolution;
+    IrInstruction *value;
 };
 
 struct AstNodeIfBoolExpr {
     AstNode *condition;
     AstNode *then_block;
     AstNode *else_node; // null, block node, or other if expr node
-    bool is_inline; // TODO
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
+    bool is_inline; // TODO parse inline if
 };
 
 struct AstNodeIfVarExpr {
@@ -512,10 +480,7 @@ struct AstNodeIfVarExpr {
     AstNode *then_block;
     AstNode *else_node; // null, block node, or other if expr node
     bool var_is_ptr;
-    bool is_inline; // TODO
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
-    TypeTableEntry *type;
+    bool is_inline; // TODO parse inline ?if?
 };
 
 struct AstNodeWhileExpr {
@@ -523,11 +488,6 @@ struct AstNodeWhileExpr {
     AstNode *continue_expr;
     AstNode *body;
     bool is_inline;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
-    bool condition_always_true;
-    bool contains_break;
-    bool contains_continue;
 };
 
 struct AstNodeForExpr {
@@ -537,20 +497,12 @@ struct AstNodeForExpr {
     AstNode *body;
     bool elem_is_ptr;
     bool is_inline;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
-    bool contains_break;
-    bool contains_continue;
-    VariableTableEntry *elem_var;
-    VariableTableEntry *index_var;
 };
 
 struct AstNodeSwitchExpr {
     AstNode *expr;
     ZigList<AstNode *> prongs;
     bool is_inline;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
 };
 
 struct AstNodeSwitchProng {
@@ -573,10 +525,6 @@ struct AstNodeLabel {
 struct AstNodeGoto {
     Buf *name;
     bool is_inline;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
-    IrBasicBlock *bb;
-    size_t instruction_index;
 };
 
 struct AsmOutput {
@@ -584,9 +532,6 @@ struct AsmOutput {
     Buf *constraint;
     Buf *variable_name;
     AstNode *return_type; // null unless "=r" and return
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
-    VariableTableEntry *variable;
 };
 
 struct AsmInput {
@@ -619,8 +564,6 @@ struct AstNodeAsmExpr {
     ZigList<AsmOutput*> output_list;
     ZigList<AsmInput*> input_list;
     ZigList<Buf*> clobber_list;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
 };
 
 enum ContainerKind {
@@ -630,23 +573,17 @@ enum ContainerKind {
 };
 
 struct AstNodeStructDecl {
-    TopLevelDecl top_level_decl;
+    VisibMod visib_mod;
     Buf *name;
     ContainerKind kind;
     ZigList<AstNode *> generic_params;
     bool generic_params_is_var_args; // always an error but it can happen from parsing
     ZigList<AstNode *> fields;
     ZigList<AstNode *> decls;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
-    ScopeDecls *decls_scope;
-    TypeTableEntry *type_entry;
-    TypeTableEntry *generic_fn_type;
-    bool skip;
 };
 
 struct AstNodeStructField {
-    TopLevelDecl top_level_decl;
+    VisibMod visib_mod;
     Buf *name;
     AstNode *type;
 };
@@ -654,14 +591,10 @@ struct AstNodeStructField {
 struct AstNodeStringLiteral {
     Buf *buf;
     bool c;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer:
 };
 
 struct AstNodeCharLiteral {
     uint8_t value;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer:
 };
 
 struct AstNodeNumberLiteral {
@@ -670,16 +603,11 @@ struct AstNodeNumberLiteral {
     // overflow is true if when parsing the number, we discovered it would not
     // fit without losing data in a uint64_t or double
     bool overflow;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
 };
 
 struct AstNodeStructValueField {
     Buf *name;
     AstNode *expr;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
-    TypeStructField *type_struct_field;
 };
 
 enum ContainerInitKind {
@@ -691,68 +619,47 @@ struct AstNodeContainerInitExpr {
     AstNode *type;
     ZigList<AstNode *> entries;
     ContainerInitKind kind;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
-    StructValExprCodeGen resolved_struct_val_expr;
-    TypeTableEntry *enum_type;
 };
 
 struct AstNodeNullLiteral {
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
 };
 
 struct AstNodeUndefinedLiteral {
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
 };
 
 struct AstNodeZeroesLiteral {
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
 };
 
 struct AstNodeThisLiteral {
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
 };
 
 struct AstNodeSymbolExpr {
     Buf *symbol;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
-    TypeEnumField *enum_field;
-    uint32_t err_value;
 };
 
 struct AstNodeBoolLiteral {
     bool value;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
 };
 
 struct AstNodeBreakExpr {
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
 };
 
 struct AstNodeContinueExpr {
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
 };
 
 struct AstNodeArrayType {
     AstNode *size;
     AstNode *child_type;
     bool is_const;
-
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
 };
 
 struct AstNodeErrorType {
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
 };
 
 struct AstNodeTypeLiteral {
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
 };
 
 struct AstNodeVarLiteral {
-    // populated by semantic analyzer
 };
 
 struct AstNode {
@@ -761,9 +668,6 @@ struct AstNode {
     size_t column;
     uint32_t create_index; // for determinism purposes
     ImportTableEntry *owner;
-    // the context in which this expression/node is evaluated.
-    // for blocks, this points to the containing scope, not the block's own scope for its children.
-    Scope *scope;
     union {
         AstNodeRoot root;
         AstNodeFnDef fn_def;
@@ -822,26 +726,12 @@ struct FnTypeParamInfo {
     TypeTableEntry *type;
 };
 
-struct GenericParamValue {
-    TypeTableEntry *type;
-    AstNode *node;
-    size_t impl_index;
-};
-
-struct GenericFnTypeId {
-    AstNode *decl_node; // the generic fn or container decl node
-    GenericParamValue *generic_params;
-    size_t generic_param_count;
-};
-
-uint32_t generic_fn_type_id_hash(GenericFnTypeId *id);
-bool generic_fn_type_id_eql(GenericFnTypeId *a, GenericFnTypeId *b);
-
 
 struct FnTypeId {
     TypeTableEntry *return_type;
     FnTypeParamInfo *param_info;
     size_t param_count;
+    size_t next_param_index;
     bool is_var_args;
     bool is_naked;
     bool is_cold;
@@ -945,6 +835,7 @@ struct FnGenParamInfo {
 
 struct TypeTableEntryFn {
     FnTypeId fn_type_id;
+    bool is_generic;
     TypeTableEntry *gen_return_type;
     size_t gen_param_count;
     FnGenParamInfo *gen_param_info;
@@ -955,10 +846,6 @@ struct TypeTableEntryFn {
     TypeTableEntry *bound_fn_parent;
 };
 
-struct TypeTableEntryGenericFn {
-    AstNode *decl_node;
-};
-
 struct TypeTableEntryBoundFn {
     TypeTableEntry *fn_type;
 };
@@ -993,7 +880,6 @@ enum TypeTableEntryId {
     TypeTableEntryIdTypeDecl,
     TypeTableEntryIdNamespace,
     TypeTableEntryIdBlock,
-    TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn,
     TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn,
 };
 
@@ -1018,7 +904,6 @@ struct TypeTableEntry {
         TypeTableEntryUnion unionation;
         TypeTableEntryFn fn;
         TypeTableEntryTypeDecl type_decl;
-        TypeTableEntryGenericFn generic_fn;
         TypeTableEntryBoundFn bound_fn;
     } data;
 
@@ -1056,10 +941,9 @@ enum FnAnalState {
     FnAnalStateReady,
     FnAnalStateProbing,
     FnAnalStateComplete,
-    FnAnalStateSkipped,
+    FnAnalStateInvalid,
 };
 
-
 enum FnInline {
     FnInlineAuto,
     FnInlineAlways,
@@ -1067,14 +951,18 @@ enum FnInline {
 };
 
 struct FnTableEntry {
-    LLVMValueRef fn_value;
+    LLVMValueRef llvm_value;
     AstNode *proto_node;
     AstNode *fn_def_node;
+    ScopeFnDef *fndef_scope; // parent should be the top level decls or container decls
+    Scope *child_scope; // parent is scope for last parameter
+    ScopeBlock *def_scope; // parent is child_scope
     ImportTableEntry *import_entry;
     Buf symbol_name;
     TypeTableEntry *type_entry; // function type
+    TypeTableEntry *implicit_return_type;
     bool internal_linkage;
-    bool is_extern;
+    bool disable_export;
     bool is_test;
     FnInline fn_inline;
     FnAnalState anal_state;
@@ -1161,11 +1049,10 @@ struct CodeGen {
     HashMap<Buf *, TypeTableEntry *, buf_hash, buf_eql_buf> primitive_type_table;
     HashMap<FnTypeId *, TypeTableEntry *, fn_type_id_hash, fn_type_id_eql> fn_type_table;
     HashMap<Buf *, ErrorTableEntry *, buf_hash, buf_eql_buf> error_table;
-    HashMap<GenericFnTypeId *, AstNode *, generic_fn_type_id_hash, generic_fn_type_id_eql> generic_table;
 
     ZigList<ImportTableEntry *> import_queue;
     size_t import_queue_index;
-    ZigList<AstNode *> resolve_queue;
+    ZigList<Tld *> resolve_queue;
     size_t resolve_queue_index;
     ZigList<AstNode *> use_queue;
     size_t use_queue_index;
@@ -1249,6 +1136,7 @@ struct CodeGen {
     // The function definitions this module includes. There must be a corresponding
     // fn_protos entry.
     ZigList<FnTableEntry *> fn_defs;
+    size_t fn_defs_index;
     // The function prototypes this module includes. In the case of external declarations,
     // there will not be a corresponding fn_defs entry.
     ZigList<FnTableEntry *> fn_protos;
@@ -1258,6 +1146,7 @@ struct CodeGen {
     FnTableEntry *cur_fn;
     FnTableEntry *main_fn;
     LLVMValueRef cur_ret_ptr;
+    LLVMValueRef cur_fn_val;
     ZigList<LLVMBasicBlockRef> break_block_stack;
     ZigList<LLVMBasicBlockRef> continue_block_stack;
     bool c_want_stdint;
@@ -1295,6 +1184,7 @@ struct CodeGen {
     IrInstruction *invalid_instruction;
 };
 
+// TODO after merging IR branch, we can probably delete some of these fields
 struct VariableTableEntry {
     Buf name;
     TypeTableEntry *type;
@@ -1304,8 +1194,6 @@ struct VariableTableEntry {
     bool is_inline;
     // which node is the declaration of the variable
     AstNode *decl_node;
-    // which node contains the ConstExprValue for this variable's value
-    AstNode *val_node;
     ZigLLVMDILocalVariable *di_loc_var;
     size_t src_arg_index;
     size_t gen_arg_index;
@@ -1313,10 +1201,10 @@ struct VariableTableEntry {
     Scope *child_scope;
     LLVMValueRef param_value_ref;
     bool force_depends_on_compile_var;
-    ImportTableEntry *import;
     bool shadowable;
     size_t mem_slot_index;
     size_t ref_count;
+    ConstExprValue *value;
 };
 
 struct ErrorTableEntry {
@@ -1339,9 +1227,6 @@ struct Scope {
     Scope *parent;
 
     ZigLLVMDIScope *di_scope;
-
-    bool safety_off;
-    AstNode *safety_set_node;
 };
 
 // This scope comes from global declarations or from
@@ -1350,15 +1235,12 @@ struct Scope {
 struct ScopeDecls {
     Scope base;
 
-    HashMap<Buf *, AstNode *, buf_hash, buf_eql_buf> decl_table;
-};
-
-// This scope comes from a container declaration such as a struct,
-// enum, or union.
-struct ScopeContainer {
-    Scope base;
-
-    HashMap<Buf *, AstNode *, buf_hash, buf_eql_buf> decl_table;
+    HashMap<Buf *, Tld *, buf_hash, buf_eql_buf> decl_table;
+    bool safety_off;
+    AstNode *safety_set_node;
+    ImportTableEntry *import;
+    // If this is a scope from a container, this is the type entry, otherwise null
+    TypeTableEntry *container_type;
 };
 
 // This scope comes from a block expression in user code.
@@ -1367,6 +1249,8 @@ struct ScopeBlock {
     Scope base;
 
     HashMap<Buf *, LabelTableEntry *, buf_hash, buf_eql_buf> label_table; 
+    bool safety_off;
+    AstNode *safety_set_node;
 };
 
 // This scope is created from every defer expression.
@@ -1401,7 +1285,7 @@ struct ScopeLoop {
 
 // This scope is created for a function definition.
 // NodeTypeFnDef
-struct ScopeFnBody {
+struct ScopeFnDef {
     Scope base;
 
     FnTableEntry *fn_entry;
@@ -1479,6 +1363,7 @@ enum IrInstructionId {
 
 struct IrInstruction {
     IrInstructionId id;
+    Scope *scope;
     AstNode *source_node;
     ConstExprValue static_value;
     TypeTableEntry *type_entry;
@@ -1798,6 +1683,7 @@ struct IrInstructionAsm {
     // Most information on inline assembly comes from the source node.
     IrInstruction **input_list;
     IrInstruction **output_types;
+    VariableTableEntry **output_vars;
     size_t return_count;
     bool has_side_effects;
 };
src/analyze.cpp
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@
 
 static const size_t default_backward_branch_quota = 1000;
 
-static void resolve_enum_type(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, TypeTableEntry *enum_type);
-static void resolve_struct_type(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, TypeTableEntry *struct_type);
+static void resolve_enum_type(CodeGen *g, TypeTableEntry *enum_type);
+static void resolve_struct_type(CodeGen *g, TypeTableEntry *struct_type);
 
 AstNode *first_executing_node(AstNode *node) {
     switch (node->type) {
@@ -130,9 +130,82 @@ ScopeDecls *get_container_scope(TypeTableEntry *type_entry) {
     return *get_container_scope_ptr(type_entry);
 }
 
+void init_scope(Scope *dest, AstNode *node, Scope *parent) {
+    dest->node = node;
+    dest->parent = parent;
+}
+
+static ScopeDecls *create_decls_scope(AstNode *node, Scope *parent, TypeTableEntry *container_type, ImportTableEntry *import) {
+    assert(node->type == NodeTypeRoot || node->type == NodeTypeContainerDecl);
+    ScopeDecls *scope = allocate<ScopeDecls>(1);
+    init_scope(&scope->base, node, parent);
+    scope->decl_table.init(4);
+    scope->container_type = container_type;
+    scope->import = import;
+    return scope;
+}
+
+Scope *create_block_scope(AstNode *node, Scope *parent) {
+    assert(node->type == NodeTypeBlock);
+    ScopeBlock *scope = allocate<ScopeBlock>(1);
+    init_scope(&scope->base, node, parent);
+    scope->label_table.init(1);
+    return &scope->base;
+}
+
+Scope *create_defer_scope(AstNode *node, Scope *parent) {
+    assert(node->type == NodeTypeDefer);
+    ScopeDefer *scope = allocate<ScopeDefer>(1);
+    init_scope(&scope->base, node, parent);
+    return &scope->base;
+}
+
+Scope *create_var_scope(AstNode *node, Scope *parent, VariableTableEntry *var) {
+    assert(node->type == NodeTypeVariableDeclaration || node->type == NodeTypeParamDecl);
+    ScopeVarDecl *scope = allocate<ScopeVarDecl>(1);
+    init_scope(&scope->base, node, parent);
+    scope->var = var;
+    return &scope->base;
+}
+
+Scope *create_cimport_scope(AstNode *node, Scope *parent) {
+    assert(node->type == NodeTypeFnCallExpr);
+    ScopeCImport *scope = allocate<ScopeCImport>(1);
+    init_scope(&scope->base, node, parent);
+    buf_resize(&scope->c_import_buf, 0);
+    return &scope->base;
+}
+
+Scope *create_loop_scope(AstNode *node, Scope *parent) {
+    assert(node->type == NodeTypeWhileExpr || node->type == NodeTypeForExpr);
+    ScopeLoop *scope = allocate<ScopeLoop>(1);
+    init_scope(&scope->base, node, parent);
+    return &scope->base;
+}
+
+ScopeFnDef *create_fndef_scope(AstNode *node, Scope *parent, FnTableEntry *fn_entry) {
+    assert(node->type == NodeTypeFnDef);
+    ScopeFnDef *scope = allocate<ScopeFnDef>(1);
+    init_scope(&scope->base, node, parent);
+    scope->fn_entry = fn_entry;
+    return scope;
+}
+
+ImportTableEntry *get_scope_import(Scope *scope) {
+    while (scope) {
+        if (scope->node->type == NodeTypeRoot || scope->node->type == NodeTypeContainerDecl) {
+            ScopeDecls *decls_scope = (ScopeDecls *)scope;
+            assert(decls_scope->import);
+            return decls_scope->import;
+        }
+        scope = scope->parent;
+    }
+    zig_unreachable();
+}
+
 static TypeTableEntry *new_container_type_entry(TypeTableEntryId id, AstNode *source_node, Scope *parent_scope) {
     TypeTableEntry *entry = new_type_table_entry(id);
-    *get_container_scope_ptr(entry) = create_decls_scope(source_node, parent_scope);
+    *get_container_scope_ptr(entry) = create_decls_scope(source_node, parent_scope, entry, get_scope_import(parent_scope));
     return entry;
 }
 
@@ -179,7 +252,6 @@ bool type_is_complete(TypeTableEntry *type_entry) {
         case TypeTableEntryIdTypeDecl:
         case TypeTableEntryIdNamespace:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBlock:
-        case TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn:
             return true;
     }
@@ -202,14 +274,6 @@ TypeTableEntry *get_smallest_unsigned_int_type(CodeGen *g, uint64_t x) {
     return get_int_type(g, false, bits_needed_for_unsigned(x));
 }
 
-static TypeTableEntry *get_generic_fn_type(CodeGen *g, AstNode *decl_node) {
-    TypeTableEntry *entry = new_type_table_entry(TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn);
-    buf_init_from_str(&entry->name, "(generic function)");
-    entry->zero_bits = true;
-    entry->data.generic_fn.decl_node = decl_node;
-    return entry;
-}
-
 TypeTableEntry *get_pointer_to_type(CodeGen *g, TypeTableEntry *child_type, bool is_const) {
     assert(child_type->id != TypeTableEntryIdInvalid);
     TypeTableEntry **parent_pointer = &child_type->pointer_parent[(is_const ? 1 : 0)];
@@ -643,8 +707,7 @@ TypeTableEntry *get_bound_fn_type(CodeGen *g, FnTableEntry *fn_entry) {
     return bound_fn_type;
 }
 
-// accepts ownership of fn_type_id memory
-TypeTableEntry *get_fn_type(CodeGen *g, FnTypeId *fn_type_id, bool gen_debug_info) {
+TypeTableEntry *get_fn_type(CodeGen *g, FnTypeId *fn_type_id) {
     auto table_entry = g->fn_type_table.maybe_get(fn_type_id);
     if (table_entry) {
         return table_entry->value;
@@ -685,67 +748,65 @@ TypeTableEntry *get_fn_type(CodeGen *g, FnTypeId *fn_type_id, bool gen_debug_inf
         buf_appendf(&fn_type->name, " -> %s", buf_ptr(&fn_type_id->return_type->name));
     }
 
-    if (gen_debug_info) {
-        // next, loop over the parameters again and compute debug information
-        // and codegen information
-        bool first_arg_return = !fn_type_id->is_extern && handle_is_ptr(fn_type_id->return_type);
-        // +1 for maybe making the first argument the return value
-        LLVMTypeRef *gen_param_types = allocate<LLVMTypeRef>(1 + fn_type_id->param_count);
-        // +1 because 0 is the return type and +1 for maybe making first arg ret val
-        ZigLLVMDIType **param_di_types = allocate<ZigLLVMDIType*>(2 + fn_type_id->param_count);
-        param_di_types[0] = fn_type_id->return_type->di_type;
-        size_t gen_param_index = 0;
-        TypeTableEntry *gen_return_type;
-        if (!type_has_bits(fn_type_id->return_type)) {
-            gen_return_type = g->builtin_types.entry_void;
-        } else if (first_arg_return) {
-            TypeTableEntry *gen_type = get_pointer_to_type(g, fn_type_id->return_type, false);
+    // next, loop over the parameters again and compute debug information
+    // and codegen information
+    bool first_arg_return = !fn_type_id->is_extern && handle_is_ptr(fn_type_id->return_type);
+    // +1 for maybe making the first argument the return value
+    LLVMTypeRef *gen_param_types = allocate<LLVMTypeRef>(1 + fn_type_id->param_count);
+    // +1 because 0 is the return type and +1 for maybe making first arg ret val
+    ZigLLVMDIType **param_di_types = allocate<ZigLLVMDIType*>(2 + fn_type_id->param_count);
+    param_di_types[0] = fn_type_id->return_type->di_type;
+    size_t gen_param_index = 0;
+    TypeTableEntry *gen_return_type;
+    if (!type_has_bits(fn_type_id->return_type)) {
+        gen_return_type = g->builtin_types.entry_void;
+    } else if (first_arg_return) {
+        TypeTableEntry *gen_type = get_pointer_to_type(g, fn_type_id->return_type, false);
+        gen_param_types[gen_param_index] = gen_type->type_ref;
+        gen_param_index += 1;
+        // after the gen_param_index += 1 because 0 is the return type
+        param_di_types[gen_param_index] = gen_type->di_type;
+        gen_return_type = g->builtin_types.entry_void;
+    } else {
+        gen_return_type = fn_type_id->return_type;
+    }
+    fn_type->data.fn.gen_return_type = gen_return_type;
+
+    fn_type->data.fn.gen_param_info = allocate<FnGenParamInfo>(fn_type_id->param_count);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < fn_type_id->param_count; i += 1) {
+        FnTypeParamInfo *src_param_info = &fn_type->data.fn.fn_type_id.param_info[i];
+        TypeTableEntry *type_entry = src_param_info->type;
+        FnGenParamInfo *gen_param_info = &fn_type->data.fn.gen_param_info[i];
+
+        gen_param_info->src_index = i;
+        gen_param_info->gen_index = SIZE_MAX;
+
+        assert(type_is_complete(type_entry));
+        if (type_has_bits(type_entry)) {
+            TypeTableEntry *gen_type;
+            if (handle_is_ptr(type_entry)) {
+                gen_type = get_pointer_to_type(g, type_entry, true);
+                gen_param_info->is_byval = true;
+            } else {
+                gen_type = type_entry;
+            }
             gen_param_types[gen_param_index] = gen_type->type_ref;
+            gen_param_info->gen_index = gen_param_index;
+            gen_param_info->type = gen_type;
+
             gen_param_index += 1;
+
             // after the gen_param_index += 1 because 0 is the return type
             param_di_types[gen_param_index] = gen_type->di_type;
-            gen_return_type = g->builtin_types.entry_void;
-        } else {
-            gen_return_type = fn_type_id->return_type;
         }
-        fn_type->data.fn.gen_return_type = gen_return_type;
-
-        fn_type->data.fn.gen_param_info = allocate<FnGenParamInfo>(fn_type_id->param_count);
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < fn_type_id->param_count; i += 1) {
-            FnTypeParamInfo *src_param_info = &fn_type->data.fn.fn_type_id.param_info[i];
-            TypeTableEntry *type_entry = src_param_info->type;
-            FnGenParamInfo *gen_param_info = &fn_type->data.fn.gen_param_info[i];
-
-            gen_param_info->src_index = i;
-            gen_param_info->gen_index = SIZE_MAX;
-
-            assert(type_is_complete(type_entry));
-            if (type_has_bits(type_entry)) {
-                TypeTableEntry *gen_type;
-                if (handle_is_ptr(type_entry)) {
-                    gen_type = get_pointer_to_type(g, type_entry, true);
-                    gen_param_info->is_byval = true;
-                } else {
-                    gen_type = type_entry;
-                }
-                gen_param_types[gen_param_index] = gen_type->type_ref;
-                gen_param_info->gen_index = gen_param_index;
-                gen_param_info->type = gen_type;
+    }
 
-                gen_param_index += 1;
+    fn_type->data.fn.gen_param_count = gen_param_index;
 
-                // after the gen_param_index += 1 because 0 is the return type
-                param_di_types[gen_param_index] = gen_type->di_type;
-            }
-        }
-
-        fn_type->data.fn.gen_param_count = gen_param_index;
-
-        fn_type->data.fn.raw_type_ref = LLVMFunctionType(gen_return_type->type_ref,
-                gen_param_types, gen_param_index, fn_type_id->is_var_args);
-        fn_type->type_ref = LLVMPointerType(fn_type->data.fn.raw_type_ref, 0);
-        fn_type->di_type = ZigLLVMCreateSubroutineType(g->dbuilder, param_di_types, gen_param_index + 1, 0);
-    }
+    fn_type->data.fn.raw_type_ref = LLVMFunctionType(gen_return_type->type_ref,
+            gen_param_types, gen_param_index, fn_type_id->is_var_args);
+    fn_type->type_ref = LLVMPointerType(fn_type->data.fn.raw_type_ref, 0);
+    fn_type->di_type = ZigLLVMCreateSubroutineType(g->dbuilder, param_di_types, gen_param_index + 1, 0);
 
     g->fn_type_table.put(&fn_type->data.fn.fn_type_id, fn_type);
 
@@ -767,6 +828,7 @@ static TypeTableEntryId container_to_type(ContainerKind kind) {
 TypeTableEntry *get_partial_container_type(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, Scope *scope,
         ContainerKind kind, AstNode *decl_node, const char *name)
 {
+
     TypeTableEntryId type_id = container_to_type(kind);
     TypeTableEntry *entry = new_container_type_entry(type_id, decl_node, scope);
 
@@ -782,7 +844,7 @@ TypeTableEntry *get_partial_container_type(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import,
             break;
     }
 
-    unsigned line = decl_node ? decl_node->line : 0;
+    unsigned line = decl_node->line;
 
     entry->type_ref = LLVMStructCreateNamed(LLVMGetGlobalContext(), name);
     entry->di_type = ZigLLVMCreateReplaceableCompositeType(g->dbuilder,
@@ -794,6 +856,14 @@ TypeTableEntry *get_partial_container_type(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import,
     return entry;
 }
 
+static TypeTableEntry *get_partial_container_type_tld(CodeGen *g, Scope *scope, TldContainer *tld_container) {
+    ImportTableEntry *import = tld_container->base.import;
+    AstNode *container_node = tld_container->base.source_node;
+    assert(container_node->type == NodeTypeContainerDecl);
+    ContainerKind kind = container_node->data.struct_decl.kind;
+    return get_partial_container_type(g, import, scope, kind, container_node, buf_ptr(tld_container->base.name));
+}
+
 
 TypeTableEntry *get_underlying_type(TypeTableEntry *type_entry) {
     if (type_entry->id == TypeTableEntryIdTypeDecl) {
@@ -842,9 +912,7 @@ static IrInstruction *analyze_const_value(CodeGen *g, Scope *scope, AstNode *nod
     return result;
 }
 
-static TypeTableEntry *analyze_type_expr(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, Scope *scope,
-        AstNode *node)
-{
+static TypeTableEntry *analyze_type_expr(CodeGen *g, Scope *scope, AstNode *node) {
     IrInstruction *result = analyze_const_value(g, scope, node, g->builtin_types.entry_type);
     if (result->type_entry->id == TypeTableEntryIdInvalid)
         return g->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
@@ -853,71 +921,77 @@ static TypeTableEntry *analyze_type_expr(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, S
     return result->static_value.data.x_type;
 }
 
-static bool fn_wants_full_static_eval(FnTableEntry *fn_table_entry) {
-    assert(fn_table_entry);
-    return false;
+static TypeTableEntry *get_generic_fn_type(CodeGen *g, FnTypeId *fn_type_id) {
+    TypeTableEntry *fn_type = new_type_table_entry(TypeTableEntryIdFn);
+    fn_type->data.fn.fn_type_id = *fn_type_id;
+    fn_type->data.fn.is_generic = true;
+    return fn_type;
 }
 
-// fn_table_entry is populated if and only if there is a function definition for this prototype
-static TypeTableEntry *analyze_fn_proto_type(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, Scope *scope,
-        TypeTableEntry *expected_type, AstNode *node, bool is_naked, bool is_cold, FnTableEntry *fn_table_entry)
-{
-    assert(node->type == NodeTypeFnProto);
-    AstNodeFnProto *fn_proto = &node->data.fn_proto;
-
-    if (fn_proto->skip) {
-        return g->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
-    }
+static TypeTableEntry *analyze_fn_type(CodeGen *g, TldFn *tld_fn) {
+    AstNode *proto_node = tld_fn->base.source_node;
+    assert(proto_node->type == NodeTypeFnProto);
+    AstNodeFnProto *fn_proto = &proto_node->data.fn_proto;
 
     FnTypeId fn_type_id = {0};
-    fn_type_id.is_extern = fn_proto->is_extern || (fn_proto->top_level_decl.visib_mod == VisibModExport);
-    fn_type_id.is_naked = is_naked;
-    fn_type_id.is_cold = is_cold;
+    fn_type_id.is_extern = fn_proto->is_extern || (fn_proto->visib_mod == VisibModExport);
+    fn_type_id.is_naked = fn_proto->is_nakedcc;
+    fn_type_id.is_cold = fn_proto->is_coldcc;
     fn_type_id.param_count = fn_proto->params.length;
     fn_type_id.param_info = allocate_nonzero<FnTypeParamInfo>(fn_type_id.param_count);
-
+    fn_type_id.next_param_index = 0;
     fn_type_id.is_var_args = fn_proto->is_var_args;
 
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < fn_type_id.param_count; i += 1) {
-        AstNode *child = fn_proto->params.at(i);
-        assert(child->type == NodeTypeParamDecl);
+    FnTableEntry *fn_entry = tld_fn->fn_entry;
+    Scope *child_scope = fn_entry->fndef_scope ? &fn_entry->fndef_scope->base : tld_fn->base.parent_scope;
 
-        TypeTableEntry *type_entry;
-        if (fn_proto->skip) {
-            type_entry = g->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
-        } else {
-            type_entry = analyze_type_expr(g, import, scope, child->data.param_decl.type);
+    for (; fn_type_id.next_param_index < fn_type_id.param_count; fn_type_id.next_param_index += 1) {
+        AstNode *param_node = fn_proto->params.at(fn_type_id.next_param_index);
+        assert(param_node->type == NodeTypeParamDecl);
+
+        bool param_is_inline = param_node->data.param_decl.is_inline;
+
+        if (param_is_inline) {
+            if (fn_type_id.is_extern) {
+                add_node_error(g, param_node,
+                        buf_sprintf("inline parameter not allowed in extern function"));
+                return g->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
+            }
+            return get_generic_fn_type(g, &fn_type_id);
+        }
+
+        if (fn_entry && buf_len(param_node->data.param_decl.name) == 0) {
+            add_node_error(g, param_node, buf_sprintf("missing parameter name"));
         }
 
+        TypeTableEntry *type_entry = analyze_type_expr(g, child_scope, param_node->data.param_decl.type);
+
         switch (type_entry->id) {
             case TypeTableEntryIdInvalid:
-                fn_proto->skip = true;
-                break;
-            case TypeTableEntryIdNumLitFloat:
-            case TypeTableEntryIdNumLitInt:
+                return g->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
+            case TypeTableEntryIdUnreachable:
             case TypeTableEntryIdUndefLit:
             case TypeTableEntryIdNullLit:
-            case TypeTableEntryIdUnreachable:
+                add_node_error(g, param_node->data.param_decl.type,
+                    buf_sprintf("parameter of type '%s' not allowed", buf_ptr(&type_entry->name)));
+                return g->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
+            case TypeTableEntryIdVar:
+                if (fn_type_id.is_extern) {
+                    add_node_error(g, param_node->data.param_decl.type,
+                            buf_sprintf("parameter of type 'var' not allowed in extern function"));
+                    return g->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
+                }
+                return get_generic_fn_type(g, &fn_type_id);
+            case TypeTableEntryIdNumLitFloat:
+            case TypeTableEntryIdNumLitInt:
             case TypeTableEntryIdNamespace:
             case TypeTableEntryIdBlock:
-            case TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn:
             case TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn:
-                if (!fn_proto->skip) {
-                    fn_proto->skip = true;
-                    add_node_error(g, child->data.param_decl.type,
-                        buf_sprintf("parameter of type '%s' not allowed", buf_ptr(&type_entry->name)));
-                }
-                break;
             case TypeTableEntryIdMetaType:
-                if (!child->data.param_decl.is_inline) {
-                    if (!fn_proto->skip) {
-                        fn_proto->skip = true;
-                        add_node_error(g, child->data.param_decl.type,
-                            buf_sprintf("parameter of type '%s' must be declared inline",
-                            buf_ptr(&type_entry->name)));
-                    }
-                }
-                break;
+                add_node_error(g, param_node->data.param_decl.type,
+                    buf_sprintf("parameter of type '%s' must be declared inline",
+                    buf_ptr(&type_entry->name)));
+                return g->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
             case TypeTableEntryIdVoid:
             case TypeTableEntryIdBool:
             case TypeTableEntryIdInt:
@@ -933,44 +1007,38 @@ static TypeTableEntry *analyze_fn_proto_type(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *impor
             case TypeTableEntryIdFn:
             case TypeTableEntryIdTypeDecl:
                 break;
-            case TypeTableEntryIdVar:
-                // var types are treated as generic functions; if we get to this code we should
-                // already be an instantiated function.
-                zig_unreachable();
         }
-        if (type_entry->id == TypeTableEntryIdInvalid) {
-            fn_proto->skip = true;
-        }
-        FnTypeParamInfo *param_info = &fn_type_id.param_info[i];
+        FnTypeParamInfo *param_info = &fn_type_id.param_info[fn_type_id.next_param_index];
         param_info->type = type_entry;
-        param_info->is_noalias = child->data.param_decl.is_noalias;
+        param_info->is_noalias = param_node->data.param_decl.is_noalias;
     }
 
-    if (fn_proto->skip) {
-        fn_type_id.return_type = g->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
-    } else {
-        fn_type_id.return_type = analyze_type_expr(g, import, scope, fn_proto->return_type);
-    }
+    fn_type_id.return_type = analyze_type_expr(g, child_scope, fn_proto->return_type);
+
     switch (fn_type_id.return_type->id) {
         case TypeTableEntryIdInvalid:
-            fn_proto->skip = true;
-            break;
-        case TypeTableEntryIdNumLitFloat:
-        case TypeTableEntryIdNumLitInt:
+            return g->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
+
         case TypeTableEntryIdUndefLit:
         case TypeTableEntryIdNullLit:
+            add_node_error(g, fn_proto->return_type,
+                buf_sprintf("return type '%s' not allowed", buf_ptr(&fn_type_id.return_type->name)));
+            return g->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
+
+        case TypeTableEntryIdNumLitFloat:
+        case TypeTableEntryIdNumLitInt:
         case TypeTableEntryIdNamespace:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBlock:
-        case TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdVar:
-            if (!fn_proto->skip) {
-                fn_proto->skip = true;
+        case TypeTableEntryIdMetaType:
+            if (fn_type_id.is_extern) {
                 add_node_error(g, fn_proto->return_type,
-                    buf_sprintf("return type '%s' not allowed", buf_ptr(&fn_type_id.return_type->name)));
+                    buf_sprintf("return type '%s' not allowed in extern function",
+                    buf_ptr(&fn_type_id.return_type->name)));
+                return g->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
             }
-            break;
-        case TypeTableEntryIdMetaType:
+            return get_generic_fn_type(g, &fn_type_id);
         case TypeTableEntryIdUnreachable:
         case TypeTableEntryIdVoid:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBool:
@@ -989,114 +1057,10 @@ static TypeTableEntry *analyze_fn_proto_type(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *impor
             break;
     }
 
-
-    if (fn_proto->skip) {
-        return g->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
-    }
-
-    if (fn_table_entry && fn_type_id.return_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdMetaType) {
-        ErrorMsg *err_msg = nullptr;
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < fn_proto->params.length; i += 1) {
-            AstNode *param_decl_node = fn_proto->params.at(i);
-            assert(param_decl_node->type == NodeTypeParamDecl);
-            if (!param_decl_node->data.param_decl.is_inline) {
-                if (!err_msg) {
-                    err_msg = add_node_error(g, fn_proto->return_type,
-                        buf_sprintf("function with return type '%s' must declare all parameters inline",
-                        buf_ptr(&fn_type_id.return_type->name)));
-                }
-                add_error_note(g, err_msg, param_decl_node,
-                    buf_sprintf("non-inline parameter here"));
-            }
-        }
-        if (err_msg) {
-            fn_proto->skip = true;
-            return g->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
-        }
-    }
-
-    bool gen_debug_info = fn_table_entry && !fn_wants_full_static_eval(fn_table_entry);
-    return get_fn_type(g, &fn_type_id, gen_debug_info);
-}
-
-static void resolve_function_proto(CodeGen *g, AstNode *node, FnTableEntry *fn_table_entry,
-        ImportTableEntry *import, Scope *containing_scope)
-{
-    assert(node->type == NodeTypeFnProto);
-    AstNodeFnProto *fn_proto = &node->data.fn_proto;
-
-    if (fn_proto->skip) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    bool is_internal = (fn_proto->top_level_decl.visib_mod != VisibModExport);
-    bool is_c_compat = !is_internal || fn_proto->is_extern;
-    fn_table_entry->internal_linkage = !is_c_compat;
-
-
-
-    TypeTableEntry *fn_type = analyze_fn_proto_type(g, import, containing_scope, nullptr, node,
-            fn_proto->is_nakedcc, fn_proto->is_coldcc, fn_table_entry);
-
-    fn_table_entry->type_entry = fn_type;
-
-    if (fn_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdInvalid) {
-        fn_proto->skip = true;
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if (fn_proto->is_inline) {
-        fn_table_entry->fn_inline = FnInlineAlways;
-    }
-
-
-    Buf *symbol_name;
-    if (is_c_compat) {
-        symbol_name = &fn_table_entry->symbol_name;
-    } else {
-        symbol_name = buf_sprintf("_%s", buf_ptr(&fn_table_entry->symbol_name));
-    }
-
-    if (fn_table_entry->fn_def_node) {
-        fn_table_entry->fn_def_node->data.fn_def.containing_scope = create_fndef_scope(
-            fn_table_entry->fn_def_node, containing_scope, fn_table_entry);
-    }
-
-    if (!fn_wants_full_static_eval(fn_table_entry)) {
-        fn_table_entry->fn_value = LLVMAddFunction(g->module, buf_ptr(symbol_name), fn_type->data.fn.raw_type_ref);
-
-        switch (fn_table_entry->fn_inline) {
-            case FnInlineAlways:
-                LLVMAddFunctionAttr(fn_table_entry->fn_value, LLVMAlwaysInlineAttribute);
-                break;
-            case FnInlineNever:
-                LLVMAddFunctionAttr(fn_table_entry->fn_value, LLVMNoInlineAttribute);
-                break;
-            case FnInlineAuto:
-                break;
-        }
-        if (fn_type->data.fn.fn_type_id.is_naked) {
-            LLVMAddFunctionAttr(fn_table_entry->fn_value, LLVMNakedAttribute);
-        }
-
-        LLVMSetLinkage(fn_table_entry->fn_value, fn_table_entry->internal_linkage ?
-                LLVMInternalLinkage : LLVMExternalLinkage);
-
-        if (fn_type->data.fn.fn_type_id.return_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdUnreachable) {
-            LLVMAddFunctionAttr(fn_table_entry->fn_value, LLVMNoReturnAttribute);
-        }
-        LLVMSetFunctionCallConv(fn_table_entry->fn_value, fn_type->data.fn.calling_convention);
-        if (!fn_table_entry->is_extern) {
-            LLVMAddFunctionAttr(fn_table_entry->fn_value, LLVMNoUnwindAttribute);
-        }
-        if (!g->is_release_build && fn_table_entry->fn_inline != FnInlineAlways) {
-            ZigLLVMAddFunctionAttr(fn_table_entry->fn_value, "no-frame-pointer-elim", "true");
-            ZigLLVMAddFunctionAttr(fn_table_entry->fn_value, "no-frame-pointer-elim-non-leaf", nullptr);
-        }
-    }
+    return get_fn_type(g, &fn_type_id);
 }
 
-static void resolve_enum_type(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, TypeTableEntry *enum_type) {
+static void resolve_enum_type(CodeGen *g, TypeTableEntry *enum_type) {
     // if you change this logic you likely must also change similar logic in parseh.cpp
     assert(enum_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdEnum);
 
@@ -1133,6 +1097,7 @@ static void resolve_enum_type(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, TypeTableEnt
     uint64_t biggest_union_member_size_in_bits = 0;
 
     Scope *scope = &enum_type->data.enumeration.decls_scope->base;
+    ImportTableEntry *import = get_scope_import(scope);
 
     // set temporary flag
     enum_type->data.enumeration.embedded_in_current = true;
@@ -1142,17 +1107,16 @@ static void resolve_enum_type(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, TypeTableEnt
         AstNode *field_node = decl_node->data.struct_decl.fields.at(i);
         TypeEnumField *type_enum_field = &enum_type->data.enumeration.fields[i];
         type_enum_field->name = field_node->data.struct_field.name;
-        TypeTableEntry *field_type = analyze_type_expr(g, import, scope,
-                field_node->data.struct_field.type);
+        TypeTableEntry *field_type = analyze_type_expr(g, scope, field_node->data.struct_field.type);
         type_enum_field->type_entry = field_type;
         type_enum_field->value = i;
 
         di_enumerators[i] = ZigLLVMCreateDebugEnumerator(g->dbuilder, buf_ptr(type_enum_field->name), i);
 
         if (field_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdStruct) {
-            resolve_struct_type(g, import, field_type);
+            resolve_struct_type(g, field_type);
         } else if (field_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdEnum) {
-            resolve_enum_type(g, import, field_type);
+            resolve_enum_type(g, field_type);
         } else if (field_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdInvalid) {
             enum_type->data.enumeration.is_invalid = true;
             continue;
@@ -1281,7 +1245,7 @@ static void resolve_enum_type(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, TypeTableEnt
     }
 }
 
-static void resolve_struct_type(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, TypeTableEntry *struct_type) {
+static void resolve_struct_type(CodeGen *g, TypeTableEntry *struct_type) {
     // if you change the logic of this function likely you must make a similar change in
     // parseh.cpp
     assert(struct_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdStruct);
@@ -1319,22 +1283,23 @@ static void resolve_struct_type(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, TypeTableE
     struct_type->data.structure.embedded_in_current = true;
 
     Scope *scope = &struct_type->data.structure.decls_scope->base;
+    ImportTableEntry *import = get_scope_import(scope);
 
     size_t gen_field_index = 0;
     for (size_t i = 0; i < field_count; i += 1) {
         AstNode *field_node = decl_node->data.struct_decl.fields.at(i);
         TypeStructField *type_struct_field = &struct_type->data.structure.fields[i];
         type_struct_field->name = field_node->data.struct_field.name;
-        TypeTableEntry *field_type = analyze_type_expr(g, import, scope,
+        TypeTableEntry *field_type = analyze_type_expr(g, scope,
                 field_node->data.struct_field.type);
         type_struct_field->type_entry = field_type;
         type_struct_field->src_index = i;
         type_struct_field->gen_index = SIZE_MAX;
 
         if (field_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdStruct) {
-            resolve_struct_type(g, import, field_type);
+            resolve_struct_type(g, field_type);
         } else if (field_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdEnum) {
-            resolve_enum_type(g, import, field_type);
+            resolve_enum_type(g, field_type);
         } else if (field_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdInvalid) {
             struct_type->data.structure.is_invalid = true;
             continue;
@@ -1408,16 +1373,13 @@ static void resolve_struct_type(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, TypeTableE
     struct_type->zero_bits = (debug_size_in_bits == 0);
 }
 
-static void resolve_union_type(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, TypeTableEntry *enum_type) {
+static void resolve_union_type(CodeGen *g, TypeTableEntry *union_type) {
     zig_panic("TODO");
 }
 
-static void get_fully_qualified_decl_name(Buf *buf, AstNode *decl_node, uint8_t sep) {
-    TopLevelDecl *tld = get_as_top_level_decl(decl_node);
-    AstNode *parent_decl = tld->parent_decl;
-
-    if (parent_decl) {
-        get_fully_qualified_decl_name(buf, parent_decl, sep);
+static void get_fully_qualified_decl_name(Buf *buf, Tld *tld, uint8_t sep) {
+    if (tld->parent_tld) {
+        get_fully_qualified_decl_name(buf, tld->parent_tld, sep);
         buf_append_char(buf, sep);
         buf_append_buf(buf, tld->name);
     } else {
@@ -1425,183 +1387,109 @@ static void get_fully_qualified_decl_name(Buf *buf, AstNode *decl_node, uint8_t
     }
 }
 
-static void preview_generic_fn_proto(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, AstNode *node) {
-    assert(node->type == NodeTypeContainerDecl);
-
-    if (node->data.struct_decl.generic_params_is_var_args) {
-        add_node_error(g, node, buf_sprintf("generic parameters cannot be var args"));
-        node->data.struct_decl.skip = true;
-        node->data.struct_decl.generic_fn_type = g->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
-        return;
-    }
-
-    node->data.struct_decl.generic_fn_type = get_generic_fn_type(g, node);
-}
-
-static bool get_is_generic_fn(AstNode *proto_node) {
+static void resolve_decl_fn(CodeGen *g, TldFn *tld_fn) {
+    ImportTableEntry *import = tld_fn->base.import;
+    AstNode *proto_node = tld_fn->base.source_node;
     assert(proto_node->type == NodeTypeFnProto);
-    return proto_node->data.fn_proto.inline_or_var_type_arg_count > 0;
-}
-
-static void preview_fn_proto_instance(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, AstNode *proto_node,
-        Scope *containing_scope)
-{
-    assert(proto_node->type == NodeTypeFnProto);
-
-    if (proto_node->data.fn_proto.skip) {
-        return;
-    }
+    AstNodeFnProto *fn_proto = &proto_node->data.fn_proto;
 
-    bool is_generic_instance = proto_node->data.fn_proto.generic_proto_node;
-    bool is_generic_fn = get_is_generic_fn(proto_node);
-    assert(!is_generic_instance || !is_generic_fn);
+    AstNode *fn_def_node = fn_proto->fn_def_node;
 
-    AstNode *parent_decl = proto_node->data.fn_proto.top_level_decl.parent_decl;
-    Buf *proto_name = proto_node->data.fn_proto.name;
-
-    AstNode *fn_def_node = proto_node->data.fn_proto.fn_def_node;
-    bool is_extern = proto_node->data.fn_proto.is_extern;
-
-    assert(!is_extern || !is_generic_instance);
-
-    if (fn_def_node && proto_node->data.fn_proto.is_var_args) {
+    if (fn_def_node && fn_proto->is_var_args) {
         add_node_error(g, proto_node,
                 buf_sprintf("variadic arguments only allowed in extern function declarations"));
+        tld_fn->base.resolution = TldResolutionInvalid;
+        return;
     }
 
     FnTableEntry *fn_table_entry = allocate<FnTableEntry>(1);
     fn_table_entry->analyzed_executable.backward_branch_quota = default_backward_branch_quota;
+    fn_table_entry->ir_executable.fn_entry = fn_table_entry;
+    fn_table_entry->analyzed_executable.fn_entry = fn_table_entry;
     fn_table_entry->import_entry = import;
     fn_table_entry->proto_node = proto_node;
     fn_table_entry->fn_def_node = fn_def_node;
-    fn_table_entry->is_extern = is_extern;
+    fn_table_entry->fn_inline = fn_proto->is_inline ? FnInlineAlways : FnInlineAuto;
+    fn_table_entry->internal_linkage = (fn_proto->visib_mod != VisibModExport);
 
-    get_fully_qualified_decl_name(&fn_table_entry->symbol_name, proto_node, '_');
+    get_fully_qualified_decl_name(&fn_table_entry->symbol_name, &tld_fn->base, '_');
 
-    proto_node->data.fn_proto.fn_table_entry = fn_table_entry;
+    tld_fn->fn_entry = fn_table_entry;
 
-    if (is_generic_fn) {
-        fn_table_entry->type_entry = get_generic_fn_type(g, proto_node);
+    if (fn_table_entry->fn_def_node) {
+        fn_table_entry->fndef_scope = create_fndef_scope(
+            fn_table_entry->fn_def_node, tld_fn->base.parent_scope, fn_table_entry);
+    }
 
-        if (is_extern || proto_node->data.fn_proto.top_level_decl.visib_mod == VisibModExport) {
-            for (size_t i = 0; i < proto_node->data.fn_proto.params.length; i += 1) {
-                AstNode *param_decl_node = proto_node->data.fn_proto.params.at(i);
-                if (param_decl_node->data.param_decl.is_inline) {
-                    proto_node->data.fn_proto.skip = true;
-                    add_node_error(g, param_decl_node,
-                            buf_sprintf("inline parameter not allowed in extern function"));
-                }
-            }
-        }
+    fn_table_entry->type_entry = analyze_fn_type(g, tld_fn);
 
+    if (fn_table_entry->type_entry->id == TypeTableEntryIdInvalid) {
+        tld_fn->base.resolution = TldResolutionInvalid;
+        return;
+    }
 
-    } else {
-        resolve_function_proto(g, proto_node, fn_table_entry, import, containing_scope);
+    if (!fn_table_entry->type_entry->data.fn.is_generic) {
+        g->fn_protos.append(fn_table_entry);
 
-        if (!fn_wants_full_static_eval(fn_table_entry)) {
-            g->fn_protos.append(fn_table_entry);
+        if (fn_def_node)
+            g->fn_defs.append(fn_table_entry);
 
-            if (fn_def_node) {
-                g->fn_defs.append(fn_table_entry);
-            }
+        Tld *parent_tld = tld_fn->base.parent_tld;
+        bool is_main_fn = !parent_tld && (import == g->root_import) &&
+            buf_eql_str(&fn_table_entry->symbol_name, "main");
+        if (is_main_fn)
+            g->main_fn = fn_table_entry;
 
-            bool is_main_fn = !is_generic_instance &&
-                !parent_decl && (import == g->root_import) &&
-                !proto_node->data.fn_proto.skip &&
-                buf_eql_str(proto_name, "main");
-            if (is_main_fn) {
-                g->main_fn = fn_table_entry;
-            }
-
-            if (is_main_fn && !g->link_libc) {
-                TypeTableEntry *err_void = get_error_type(g, g->builtin_types.entry_void);
-                TypeTableEntry *actual_return_type = fn_table_entry->type_entry->data.fn.fn_type_id.return_type;
-                if (actual_return_type != err_void) {
-                    AstNode *return_type_node = fn_table_entry->proto_node->data.fn_proto.return_type;
-                    add_node_error(g, return_type_node,
-                            buf_sprintf("expected return type of main to be '%%void', instead is '%s'",
-                                buf_ptr(&actual_return_type->name)));
-                }
+        if (is_main_fn && !g->link_libc) {
+            TypeTableEntry *err_void = get_error_type(g, g->builtin_types.entry_void);
+            TypeTableEntry *actual_return_type = fn_table_entry->type_entry->data.fn.fn_type_id.return_type;
+            if (actual_return_type != err_void) {
+                add_node_error(g, fn_proto->return_type,
+                        buf_sprintf("expected return type of main to be '%%void', instead is '%s'",
+                            buf_ptr(&actual_return_type->name)));
             }
         }
     }
 }
 
-static void add_top_level_decl(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, ScopeDecls *decls_scope,
-        AstNode *node, Buf *name)
-{
-    assert(import);
-
-    TopLevelDecl *tld = get_as_top_level_decl(node);
-    tld->import = import;
-    tld->name = name;
-
+static void add_top_level_decl(CodeGen *g, ScopeDecls *decls_scope, Tld *tld) {
     bool want_to_resolve = (g->check_unused || g->is_test_build || tld->visib_mod == VisibModExport);
-    bool is_generic_container = (node->type == NodeTypeContainerDecl &&
-            node->data.struct_decl.generic_params.length > 0);
-    if (want_to_resolve && !is_generic_container) {
-        g->resolve_queue.append(node);
-    }
+    if (want_to_resolve)
+        g->resolve_queue.append(tld);
 
-    node->scope = &decls_scope->base;
-
-    auto entry = decls_scope->decl_table.put_unique(name, node);
+    auto entry = decls_scope->decl_table.put_unique(tld->name, tld);
     if (entry) {
-        AstNode *other_decl_node = entry->value;
-        ErrorMsg *msg = add_node_error(g, node, buf_sprintf("redefinition of '%s'", buf_ptr(name)));
-        add_error_note(g, msg, other_decl_node, buf_sprintf("previous definition is here"));
+        Tld *other_tld = entry->value;
+        ErrorMsg *msg = add_node_error(g, tld->source_node, buf_sprintf("redefinition of '%s'", buf_ptr(tld->name)));
+        add_error_note(g, msg, other_tld->source_node, buf_sprintf("previous definition is here"));
+        return;
     }
 }
 
-static void scan_struct_decl(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, ScopeDecls *decls_scope, AstNode *node) {
-    assert(node->type == NodeTypeContainerDecl);
+static void scan_struct_decl(CodeGen *g, ScopeDecls *decls_scope, TldContainer *tld_container) {
+    assert(!tld_container->type_entry);
 
-    if (node->data.struct_decl.type_entry) {
-        // already scanned; we can ignore. This can happen from importing from an .h file.
-        return;
-    }
+    AstNode *container_node = tld_container->base.source_node;
+    assert(container_node->type == NodeTypeContainerDecl);
 
-    Buf *name = node->data.struct_decl.name;
-    TypeTableEntry *container_type = get_partial_container_type(g, import, &decls_scope->base,
-            node->data.struct_decl.kind, node, buf_ptr(name));
-    node->data.struct_decl.type_entry = container_type;
+    TypeTableEntry *container_type = get_partial_container_type_tld(g, &decls_scope->base, tld_container);
+    tld_container->type_entry = container_type;
 
     // handle the member function definitions independently
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < node->data.struct_decl.decls.length; i += 1) {
-        AstNode *child_node = node->data.struct_decl.decls.at(i);
-        get_as_top_level_decl(child_node)->parent_decl = node;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < container_node->data.struct_decl.decls.length; i += 1) {
+        AstNode *child_node = container_node->data.struct_decl.decls.at(i);
         ScopeDecls *child_scope = get_container_scope(container_type);
-        scan_decls(g, import, child_scope, child_node);
-    }
-}
-
-static void count_inline_and_var_args(AstNode *proto_node) {
-    assert(proto_node->type == NodeTypeFnProto);
-
-    size_t *inline_arg_count = &proto_node->data.fn_proto.inline_arg_count;
-    size_t *inline_or_var_type_arg_count = &proto_node->data.fn_proto.inline_or_var_type_arg_count;
-
-    *inline_arg_count = 0;
-    *inline_or_var_type_arg_count = 0;
-
-    // TODO run these nodes through the type analysis system rather than looking for
-    // specialized ast nodes. this would get fooled by `{var}` instead of `var` which
-    // is supposed to be equivalent
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < proto_node->data.fn_proto.params.length; i += 1) {
-        AstNode *param_node = proto_node->data.fn_proto.params.at(i);
-        assert(param_node->type == NodeTypeParamDecl);
-        if (param_node->data.param_decl.is_inline) {
-            *inline_arg_count += 1;
-            *inline_or_var_type_arg_count += 1;
-        } else if (param_node->data.param_decl.type->type == NodeTypeVarLiteral) {
-            *inline_or_var_type_arg_count += 1;
-        }
+        scan_decls(g, tld_container->base.import, child_scope, child_node, &tld_container->base);
     }
 }
 
 static void preview_error_value_decl(CodeGen *g, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeErrorValueDecl);
 
+    if (node->data.error_value_decl.visib_mod != VisibModPrivate) {
+        add_node_error(g, node, buf_sprintf("error values require no visibility modifier"));
+    }
+
     ErrorTableEntry *err = allocate<ErrorTableEntry>(1);
 
     err->decl_node = node;
@@ -1620,40 +1508,61 @@ static void preview_error_value_decl(CodeGen *g, AstNode *node) {
     }
 
     node->data.error_value_decl.err = err;
-    node->data.error_value_decl.top_level_decl.resolution = TldResolutionOk;
 }
 
-void scan_decls(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, ScopeDecls *decls_scope, AstNode *node) {
+void init_tld(Tld *tld, TldId id, Buf *name, VisibMod visib_mod, AstNode *source_node,
+    Scope *parent_scope, Tld *parent_tld)
+{
+    tld->id = id;
+    tld->name = name;
+    tld->visib_mod = visib_mod;
+    tld->source_node = source_node;
+    tld->import = source_node->owner;
+    tld->parent_scope = parent_scope;
+    tld->parent_tld = parent_tld;
+}
+
+void scan_decls(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, ScopeDecls *decls_scope, AstNode *node, Tld *parent_tld) {
     switch (node->type) {
         case NodeTypeRoot:
             for (size_t i = 0; i < import->root->data.root.top_level_decls.length; i += 1) {
                 AstNode *child = import->root->data.root.top_level_decls.at(i);
-                scan_decls(g, import, decls_scope, child);
+                scan_decls(g, import, decls_scope, child, parent_tld);
             }
             break;
         case NodeTypeContainerDecl:
             {
                 Buf *name = node->data.struct_decl.name;
-                add_top_level_decl(g, import, decls_scope, node, name);
+                VisibMod visib_mod = node->data.struct_decl.visib_mod;
+                TldContainer *tld_container = allocate<TldContainer>(1);
+                init_tld(&tld_container->base, TldIdContainer, name, visib_mod, node, &decls_scope->base, parent_tld);
+                add_top_level_decl(g, decls_scope, &tld_container->base);
                 if (node->data.struct_decl.generic_params.length == 0) {
-                    scan_struct_decl(g, import, decls_scope, node);
+                    scan_struct_decl(g, decls_scope, tld_container);
+                } else {
+                    zig_panic("TODO all structs anonymous?");
                 }
             }
             break;
         case NodeTypeFnDef:
-            node->data.fn_def.fn_proto->data.fn_proto.fn_def_node = node;
-            scan_decls(g, import, decls_scope, node->data.fn_def.fn_proto);
+            scan_decls(g, import, decls_scope, node->data.fn_def.fn_proto, parent_tld);
             break;
         case NodeTypeVariableDeclaration:
             {
                 Buf *name = node->data.variable_declaration.symbol;
-                add_top_level_decl(g, import, decls_scope, node, name);
+                VisibMod visib_mod = node->data.variable_declaration.visib_mod;
+                TldVar *tld_var = allocate<TldVar>(1);
+                init_tld(&tld_var->base, TldIdVar, name, visib_mod, node, &decls_scope->base, parent_tld);
+                add_top_level_decl(g, decls_scope, &tld_var->base);
                 break;
             }
         case NodeTypeTypeDecl:
             {
                 Buf *name = node->data.type_decl.symbol;
-                add_top_level_decl(g, import, decls_scope, node, name);
+                VisibMod visib_mod = node->data.type_decl.visib_mod;
+                TldTypeDef *tld_typedef = allocate<TldTypeDef>(1);
+                init_tld(&tld_typedef->base, TldIdTypeDef, name, visib_mod, node, &decls_scope->base, parent_tld);
+                add_top_level_decl(g, decls_scope, &tld_typedef->base);
                 break;
             }
         case NodeTypeFnProto:
@@ -1661,22 +1570,20 @@ void scan_decls(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, ScopeDecls *decls_scope, A
                 // if the name is missing, we immediately announce an error
                 Buf *fn_name = node->data.fn_proto.name;
                 if (buf_len(fn_name) == 0) {
-                    node->data.fn_proto.skip = true;
                     add_node_error(g, node, buf_sprintf("missing function name"));
                     break;
                 }
-                count_inline_and_var_args(node);
 
-                add_top_level_decl(g, import, decls_scope, node, fn_name);
+                VisibMod visib_mod = node->data.fn_proto.visib_mod;
+                TldFn *tld_fn = allocate<TldFn>(1);
+                init_tld(&tld_fn->base, TldIdFn, fn_name, visib_mod, node, &decls_scope->base, parent_tld);
+                add_top_level_decl(g, decls_scope, &tld_fn->base);
                 break;
             }
         case NodeTypeUse:
             {
-                TopLevelDecl *tld = get_as_top_level_decl(node);
-                tld->import = import;
-                node->scope = &decls_scope->base;
                 g->use_queue.append(node);
-                tld->import->use_decls.append(node);
+                import->use_decls.append(node);
                 break;
             }
         case NodeTypeErrorValueDecl:
@@ -1727,30 +1634,22 @@ void scan_decls(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, ScopeDecls *decls_scope, A
     }
 }
 
-static void resolve_struct_instance(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, AstNode *node) {
-    TypeTableEntry *type_entry = node->data.struct_decl.type_entry;
+static void resolve_decl_container(CodeGen *g, TldContainer *tld_container) {
+    TypeTableEntry *type_entry = tld_container->type_entry;
     assert(type_entry);
 
-    // struct/enum member fns will get resolved independently
-
-    switch (node->data.struct_decl.kind) {
-        case ContainerKindStruct:
-            resolve_struct_type(g, import, type_entry);
-            break;
+    switch (type_entry->id) {
+        case TypeTableEntryIdStruct:
+            resolve_struct_type(g, tld_container->type_entry);
+            return;
         case ContainerKindEnum:
-            resolve_enum_type(g, import, type_entry);
-            break;
+            resolve_enum_type(g, tld_container->type_entry);
+            return;
         case ContainerKindUnion:
-            resolve_union_type(g, import, type_entry);
-            break;
-    }
-}
-
-static void resolve_struct_decl(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, AstNode *node) {
-    if (node->data.struct_decl.generic_params.length > 0) {
-        return preview_generic_fn_proto(g, import, node);
-    } else {
-        return resolve_struct_instance(g, import, node);
+            resolve_union_type(g, tld_container->type_entry);
+            return;
+        default:
+            zig_unreachable();
     }
 }
 
@@ -1786,7 +1685,6 @@ TypeTableEntry *validate_var_type(CodeGen *g, AstNode *source_node, TypeTableEnt
         case TypeTableEntryIdEnum:
         case TypeTableEntryIdUnion:
         case TypeTableEntryIdFn:
-        case TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn:
             return type_entry;
     }
@@ -1795,15 +1693,16 @@ TypeTableEntry *validate_var_type(CodeGen *g, AstNode *source_node, TypeTableEnt
 
 // Set name to nullptr to make the variable anonymous (not visible to programmer).
 // TODO merge with definition of add_local_var in ir.cpp
-static VariableTableEntry *add_local_var(CodeGen *g, AstNode *source_node, ImportTableEntry *import,
-        Scope *parent_scope, Buf *name, TypeTableEntry *type_entry, bool is_const, AstNode *val_node)
+VariableTableEntry *add_variable(CodeGen *g, AstNode *source_node, Scope *parent_scope, Buf *name,
+    TypeTableEntry *type_entry, bool is_const, ConstExprValue *init_value)
 {
     VariableTableEntry *variable_entry = allocate<VariableTableEntry>(1);
     variable_entry->type = type_entry;
     variable_entry->parent_scope = parent_scope;
-    variable_entry->import = import;
     variable_entry->shadowable = false;
     variable_entry->mem_slot_index = SIZE_MAX;
+    variable_entry->value = init_value;
+    variable_entry->src_arg_index = SIZE_MAX;
 
     assert(name);
 
@@ -1824,11 +1723,11 @@ static VariableTableEntry *add_local_var(CodeGen *g, AstNode *source_node, Impor
                         buf_sprintf("variable shadows type '%s'", buf_ptr(&type->name)));
                 variable_entry->type = g->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
             } else {
-                AstNode *decl_node = find_decl(parent_scope, name);
-                if (decl_node && decl_node->type != NodeTypeVariableDeclaration) {
+                Tld *tld = find_decl(parent_scope, name);
+                if (tld && tld->id != TldIdVar) {
                     ErrorMsg *msg = add_node_error(g, source_node,
                             buf_sprintf("redefinition of '%s'", buf_ptr(name)));
-                    add_error_note(g, msg, decl_node, buf_sprintf("previous definition is here"));
+                    add_error_note(g, msg, tld->source_node, buf_sprintf("previous definition is here"));
                     variable_entry->type = g->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
                 }
             }
@@ -1847,78 +1746,84 @@ static VariableTableEntry *add_local_var(CodeGen *g, AstNode *source_node, Impor
     variable_entry->src_is_const = is_const;
     variable_entry->gen_is_const = is_const;
     variable_entry->decl_node = source_node;
-    variable_entry->val_node = val_node;
     variable_entry->child_scope = child_scope;
 
 
     return variable_entry;
 }
 
-static void resolve_var_decl(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, AstNode *node) {
-    assert(node->type == NodeTypeVariableDeclaration);
+static void resolve_decl_var(CodeGen *g, TldVar *tld_var) {
+    AstNodeVariableDeclaration *var_decl = &tld_var->base.source_node->data.variable_declaration;
 
-    AstNodeVariableDeclaration *var_decl = &node->data.variable_declaration;
-    Scope *scope = node->scope;
     bool is_const = var_decl->is_const;
-    bool is_export = (var_decl->top_level_decl.visib_mod == VisibModExport);
+    bool is_export = (tld_var->base.visib_mod == VisibModExport);
     bool is_extern = var_decl->is_extern;
 
     TypeTableEntry *explicit_type = nullptr;
     if (var_decl->type) {
-        TypeTableEntry *proposed_type = analyze_type_expr(g, import, scope, var_decl->type);
+        TypeTableEntry *proposed_type = analyze_type_expr(g, tld_var->base.parent_scope, var_decl->type);
         explicit_type = validate_var_type(g, var_decl->type, proposed_type);
     }
 
+    AstNode *source_node = tld_var->base.source_node;
+
+    IrInstruction *init_value = nullptr;
+
     TypeTableEntry *implicit_type = nullptr;
     if (explicit_type && explicit_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdInvalid) {
         implicit_type = explicit_type;
     } else if (var_decl->expr) {
-        IrInstruction *result = analyze_const_value(g, scope, var_decl->expr, explicit_type);
-        assert(result);
-        implicit_type = result->type_entry;
+        init_value = analyze_const_value(g, tld_var->base.parent_scope, var_decl->expr, explicit_type);
+        assert(init_value);
+        implicit_type = init_value->type_entry;
 
         if (implicit_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdUnreachable) {
-            add_node_error(g, node, buf_sprintf("variable initialization is unreachable"));
+            add_node_error(g, source_node, buf_sprintf("variable initialization is unreachable"));
             implicit_type = g->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
         } else if ((!is_const || is_export) &&
                 (implicit_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdNumLitFloat ||
                 implicit_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdNumLitInt))
         {
-            add_node_error(g, node, buf_sprintf("unable to infer variable type"));
+            add_node_error(g, source_node, buf_sprintf("unable to infer variable type"));
             implicit_type = g->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
         } else if (implicit_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdNullLit) {
-            add_node_error(g, node, buf_sprintf("unable to infer variable type"));
+            add_node_error(g, source_node, buf_sprintf("unable to infer variable type"));
             implicit_type = g->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
         } else if (implicit_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdMetaType && !is_const) {
-            add_node_error(g, node, buf_sprintf("variable of type 'type' must be constant"));
+            add_node_error(g, source_node, buf_sprintf("variable of type 'type' must be constant"));
             implicit_type = g->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
         }
-        if (implicit_type->id != TypeTableEntryIdInvalid) {
-            assert(result->static_value.special != ConstValSpecialRuntime);
-            var_decl->top_level_decl.value = result;
-        }
+        assert(implicit_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdInvalid || init_value->static_value.special != ConstValSpecialRuntime);
     } else if (!is_extern) {
-        add_node_error(g, node, buf_sprintf("variables must be initialized"));
+        add_node_error(g, source_node, buf_sprintf("variables must be initialized"));
         implicit_type = g->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
     }
 
     TypeTableEntry *type = explicit_type ? explicit_type : implicit_type;
     assert(type != nullptr); // should have been caught by the parser
 
-    VariableTableEntry *var = add_local_var(g, node, import, scope,
-            var_decl->symbol, type, is_const, var_decl->expr);
+    tld_var->var = add_variable(g, source_node, tld_var->base.parent_scope,
+            var_decl->symbol, type, is_const, &init_value->static_value);
+
+    g->global_vars.append(tld_var->var);
+}
 
-    var_decl->variable = var;
+static void resolve_decl_typedef(CodeGen *g, TldTypeDef *tld_typedef) {
+    AstNode *typedef_node = tld_typedef->base.source_node;
+    assert(typedef_node->type == NodeTypeTypeDecl);
+    AstNode *type_node = typedef_node->data.type_decl.child_type;
+    Buf *decl_name = typedef_node->data.type_decl.symbol;
 
-    g->global_vars.append(var);
+    TypeTableEntry *child_type = analyze_type_expr(g, tld_typedef->base.parent_scope, type_node);
+    tld_typedef->type_entry = (child_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdInvalid) ?
+        child_type : get_typedecl_type(g, buf_ptr(decl_name), child_type);
 }
 
-void resolve_top_level_decl(CodeGen *g, AstNode *node, bool pointer_only) {
-    TopLevelDecl *tld = get_as_top_level_decl(node);
-    if (tld->resolution != TldResolutionUnresolved) {
+void resolve_top_level_decl(CodeGen *g, Tld *tld, bool pointer_only) {
+    if (tld->resolution != TldResolutionUnresolved)
         return;
-    }
-    if (pointer_only && node->type == NodeTypeContainerDecl) {
+    if (pointer_only && tld->id == TldIdContainer) {
+        g->resolve_queue.append(tld);
         return;
     }
 
@@ -1926,90 +1831,38 @@ void resolve_top_level_decl(CodeGen *g, AstNode *node, bool pointer_only) {
     assert(import);
 
     if (tld->dep_loop_flag) {
-        add_node_error(g, node, buf_sprintf("'%s' depends on itself", buf_ptr(tld->name)));
+        add_node_error(g, tld->source_node, buf_sprintf("'%s' depends on itself", buf_ptr(tld->name)));
         tld->resolution = TldResolutionInvalid;
         return;
     } else {
         tld->dep_loop_flag = true;
     }
 
-    switch (node->type) {
-        case NodeTypeFnProto:
-            preview_fn_proto_instance(g, import, node, node->scope);
-            break;
-        case NodeTypeContainerDecl:
-            resolve_struct_decl(g, import, node);
-            break;
-        case NodeTypeVariableDeclaration:
-            resolve_var_decl(g, import, node);
-            break;
-        case NodeTypeTypeDecl:
+    switch (tld->id) {
+        case TldIdVar:
             {
-                AstNode *type_node = node->data.type_decl.child_type;
-                Buf *decl_name = node->data.type_decl.symbol;
-
-                TypeTableEntry *entry;
-                if (node->data.type_decl.override_type) {
-                    entry = node->data.type_decl.override_type;
-                } else {
-                    TypeTableEntry *child_type = analyze_type_expr(g, import, &import->decls_scope->base, type_node);
-                    if (child_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdInvalid) {
-                        entry = child_type;
-                    } else {
-                        entry = get_typedecl_type(g, buf_ptr(decl_name), child_type);
-                    }
-                }
-                node->data.type_decl.child_type_entry = entry;
+                TldVar *tld_var = (TldVar *)tld;
+                resolve_decl_var(g, tld_var);
+                break;
+            }
+        case TldIdFn:
+            {
+                TldFn *tld_fn = (TldFn *)tld;
+                resolve_decl_fn(g, tld_fn);
+                break;
+            }
+        case TldIdContainer:
+            {
+                TldContainer *tld_container = (TldContainer *)tld;
+                resolve_decl_container(g, tld_container);
+                break;
+            }
+        case TldIdTypeDef:
+            {
+                TldTypeDef *tld_typedef = (TldTypeDef *)tld;
+                resolve_decl_typedef(g, tld_typedef);
                 break;
             }
-        case NodeTypeErrorValueDecl:
-            break;
-        case NodeTypeUse:
-            zig_panic("TODO resolve_top_level_decl NodeTypeUse");
-            break;
-        case NodeTypeFnDef:
-        case NodeTypeParamDecl:
-        case NodeTypeFnDecl:
-        case NodeTypeReturnExpr:
-        case NodeTypeDefer:
-        case NodeTypeRoot:
-        case NodeTypeBlock:
-        case NodeTypeBinOpExpr:
-        case NodeTypeUnwrapErrorExpr:
-        case NodeTypeFnCallExpr:
-        case NodeTypeArrayAccessExpr:
-        case NodeTypeSliceExpr:
-        case NodeTypeNumberLiteral:
-        case NodeTypeStringLiteral:
-        case NodeTypeCharLiteral:
-        case NodeTypeBoolLiteral:
-        case NodeTypeNullLiteral:
-        case NodeTypeUndefinedLiteral:
-        case NodeTypeZeroesLiteral:
-        case NodeTypeThisLiteral:
-        case NodeTypeSymbol:
-        case NodeTypePrefixOpExpr:
-        case NodeTypeIfBoolExpr:
-        case NodeTypeIfVarExpr:
-        case NodeTypeWhileExpr:
-        case NodeTypeForExpr:
-        case NodeTypeSwitchExpr:
-        case NodeTypeSwitchProng:
-        case NodeTypeSwitchRange:
-        case NodeTypeLabel:
-        case NodeTypeGoto:
-        case NodeTypeBreak:
-        case NodeTypeContinue:
-        case NodeTypeAsmExpr:
-        case NodeTypeFieldAccessExpr:
-        case NodeTypeStructField:
-        case NodeTypeStructValueField:
-        case NodeTypeContainerInitExpr:
-        case NodeTypeArrayType:
-        case NodeTypeErrorType:
-        case NodeTypeTypeLiteral:
-        case NodeTypeVarLiteral:
-            zig_unreachable();
     }
 
     tld->resolution = TldResolutionOk;
@@ -2028,7 +1881,6 @@ static bool type_has_codegen_value(TypeTableEntry *type_entry) {
         case TypeTableEntryIdNullLit:
         case TypeTableEntryIdNamespace:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBlock:
-        case TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn:
             return false;
 
@@ -2142,68 +1994,7 @@ bool types_match_const_cast_only(TypeTableEntry *expected_type, TypeTableEntry *
     return false;
 }
 
-ScopeDecls *create_decls_scope(AstNode *node, Scope *parent) {
-    assert(node->type == NodeTypeRoot || node->type == NodeTypeContainerDecl);
-    ScopeDecls *scope = allocate<ScopeDecls>(1);
-    scope->base.node = node;
-    scope->base.parent = parent;
-    scope->decl_table.init(4);
-    return scope;
-}
-
-Scope *create_block_scope(AstNode *node, Scope *parent) {
-    assert(node->type == NodeTypeBlock);
-    ScopeBlock *scope = allocate<ScopeBlock>(1);
-    scope->base.node = node;
-    scope->base.parent = parent;
-    scope->label_table.init(1);
-    return &scope->base;
-}
-
-Scope *create_defer_scope(AstNode *node, Scope *parent) {
-    assert(node->type == NodeTypeDefer);
-    ScopeDefer *scope = allocate<ScopeDefer>(1);
-    scope->base.node = node;
-    scope->base.parent = parent;
-    return &scope->base;
-}
-
-Scope *create_var_scope(AstNode *node, Scope *parent, VariableTableEntry *var) {
-    assert(node->type == NodeTypeVariableDeclaration || node->type == NodeTypeParamDecl);
-    ScopeVarDecl *scope = allocate<ScopeVarDecl>(1);
-    scope->base.node = node;
-    scope->base.parent = parent;
-    scope->var = var;
-    return &scope->base;
-}
-
-Scope *create_cimport_scope(AstNode *node, Scope *parent) {
-    assert(node->type == NodeTypeFnCallExpr);
-    ScopeCImport *scope = allocate<ScopeCImport>(1);
-    scope->base.node = node;
-    scope->base.parent = parent;
-    buf_resize(&scope->c_import_buf, 0);
-    return &scope->base;
-}
-
-Scope *create_loop_scope(AstNode *node, Scope *parent) {
-    assert(node->type == NodeTypeWhileExpr || node->type == NodeTypeForExpr);
-    ScopeLoop *scope = allocate<ScopeLoop>(1);
-    scope->base.node = node;
-    scope->base.parent = parent;
-    return &scope->base;
-}
-
-Scope *create_fndef_scope(AstNode *node, Scope *parent, FnTableEntry *fn_entry) {
-    assert(node->type == NodeTypeFnDef);
-    ScopeFnBody *scope = allocate<ScopeFnBody>(1);
-    scope->base.node = node;
-    scope->base.parent = parent;
-    scope->fn_entry = fn_entry;
-    return &scope->base;
-}
-
-AstNode *find_decl(Scope *scope, Buf *name) {
+Tld *find_decl(Scope *scope, Buf *name) {
     while (scope) {
         if (scope->node->type == NodeTypeRoot ||
             scope->node->type == NodeTypeContainerDecl)
@@ -2232,11 +2023,11 @@ VariableTableEntry *find_variable(CodeGen *g, Scope *scope, Buf *name) {
             ScopeDecls *decls_scope = (ScopeDecls *)scope;
             auto entry = decls_scope->decl_table.maybe_get(name);
             if (entry) {
-                AstNode *decl_node = entry->value;
-                if (decl_node->type == NodeTypeVariableDeclaration) {
-                    VariableTableEntry *var = decl_node->data.variable_declaration.variable;
-                    if (var)
-                        return var;
+                Tld *tld = entry->value;
+                if (tld->id == TldIdVar) {
+                    TldVar *tld_var = (TldVar *)tld;
+                    if (tld_var->var)
+                        return tld_var->var;
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -2246,6 +2037,17 @@ VariableTableEntry *find_variable(CodeGen *g, Scope *scope, Buf *name) {
     return nullptr;
 }
 
+FnTableEntry *scope_fn_entry(Scope *scope) {
+    while (scope) {
+        if (scope->node->type == NodeTypeFnDef) {
+            ScopeFnDef *fn_scope = (ScopeFnDef *)scope;
+            return fn_scope->fn_entry;
+        }
+        scope = scope->parent;
+    }
+    return nullptr;
+}
+
 TypeEnumField *find_enum_type_field(TypeTableEntry *enum_type, Buf *name) {
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < enum_type->data.enumeration.src_field_count; i += 1) {
         TypeEnumField *type_enum_field = &enum_type->data.enumeration.fields[i];
@@ -2296,7 +2098,6 @@ static bool is_container(TypeTableEntry *type_entry) {
         case TypeTableEntryIdTypeDecl:
         case TypeTableEntryIdNamespace:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBlock:
-        case TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn:
             return false;
     }
@@ -2317,13 +2118,13 @@ TypeTableEntry *container_ref_type(TypeTableEntry *type_entry) {
 void resolve_container_type(CodeGen *g, TypeTableEntry *type_entry) {
     switch (type_entry->id) {
         case TypeTableEntryIdStruct:
-            resolve_struct_type(g, type_entry->data.structure.decl_node->owner, type_entry);
+            resolve_struct_type(g, type_entry);
             break;
         case TypeTableEntryIdEnum:
-            resolve_enum_type(g, type_entry->data.enumeration.decl_node->owner, type_entry);
+            resolve_enum_type(g, type_entry);
             break;
         case TypeTableEntryIdUnion:
-            resolve_union_type(g, type_entry->data.unionation.decl_node->owner, type_entry);
+            resolve_union_type(g, type_entry);
             break;
         case TypeTableEntryIdPointer:
         case TypeTableEntryIdMetaType:
@@ -2344,7 +2145,6 @@ void resolve_container_type(CodeGen *g, TypeTableEntry *type_entry) {
         case TypeTableEntryIdTypeDecl:
         case TypeTableEntryIdNamespace:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBlock:
-        case TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdInvalid:
         case TypeTableEntryIdVar:
@@ -2362,54 +2162,41 @@ bool type_is_codegen_pointer(TypeTableEntry *type) {
     return false;
 }
 
-
-
 static void analyze_fn_body(CodeGen *g, FnTableEntry *fn_table_entry) {
-    ImportTableEntry *import = fn_table_entry->import_entry;
-    AstNode *node = fn_table_entry->fn_def_node;
-    assert(node->type == NodeTypeFnDef);
-
-    AstNode *fn_proto_node = node->data.fn_def.fn_proto;
-    assert(fn_proto_node->type == NodeTypeFnProto);
-
-    if (fn_proto_node->data.fn_proto.skip) {
-        // we detected an error with this function definition which prevents us
-        // from further analyzing it.
-        fn_table_entry->anal_state = FnAnalStateSkipped;
+    assert(fn_table_entry->anal_state != FnAnalStateProbing);
+    if (fn_table_entry->anal_state != FnAnalStateReady)
         return;
-    }
+
     fn_table_entry->anal_state = FnAnalStateProbing;
 
-    Scope *child_scope = node->data.fn_def.containing_scope;
+    AstNodeFnProto *fn_proto = &fn_table_entry->proto_node->data.fn_proto;
 
+    Scope *child_scope = &fn_table_entry->fndef_scope->base;
+    assert(child_scope);
+
+    // define local variables for parameters
     TypeTableEntry *fn_type = fn_table_entry->type_entry;
+    assert(!fn_type->data.fn.is_generic);
     FnTypeId *fn_type_id = &fn_type->data.fn.fn_type_id;
-    AstNodeFnProto *fn_proto = &fn_proto_node->data.fn_proto;
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < fn_proto->params.length; i += 1) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < fn_type_id->param_count; i += 1) {
         AstNode *param_decl_node = fn_proto->params.at(i);
-        assert(param_decl_node->type == NodeTypeParamDecl);
-
-        // define local variables for parameters
         AstNodeParamDecl *param_decl = &param_decl_node->data.param_decl;
-        TypeTableEntry *type = fn_type_id->param_info[i].type;
+        FnTypeParamInfo *param_info = &fn_type_id->param_info[i];
 
-        if (param_decl->is_noalias && !type_is_codegen_pointer(type)) {
+        TypeTableEntry *param_type = param_info->type;
+        bool is_noalias = param_info->is_noalias;
+
+        if (is_noalias && !type_is_codegen_pointer(param_type)) {
             add_node_error(g, param_decl_node, buf_sprintf("noalias on non-pointer parameter"));
         }
 
-        if (fn_type->data.fn.fn_type_id.is_extern && handle_is_ptr(type)) {
+        if (fn_type_id->is_extern && handle_is_ptr(param_type)) {
             add_node_error(g, param_decl_node,
                 buf_sprintf("byvalue types not yet supported on extern function parameters"));
         }
 
-        if (buf_len(param_decl->name) == 0) {
-            add_node_error(g, param_decl_node, buf_sprintf("missing parameter name"));
-        }
-
-        VariableTableEntry *var = add_local_var(g, param_decl_node, import, child_scope, param_decl->name,
-                type, true, nullptr);
+        VariableTableEntry *var = add_variable(g, param_decl_node, child_scope, param_decl->name, param_type, true, nullptr);
         var->src_arg_index = i;
-        param_decl_node->data.param_decl.variable = var;
         child_scope = var->child_scope;
         fn_table_entry->variable_list.append(var);
 
@@ -2418,19 +2205,18 @@ static void analyze_fn_body(CodeGen *g, FnTableEntry *fn_table_entry) {
         }
     }
 
-    node->data.fn_def.child_scope = child_scope;
+    fn_table_entry->child_scope = child_scope;
 
-    TypeTableEntry *expected_type = fn_type->data.fn.fn_type_id.return_type;
+    TypeTableEntry *expected_type = fn_type_id->return_type;
 
-    if (fn_type->data.fn.fn_type_id.is_extern && handle_is_ptr(expected_type)) {
-        add_node_error(g, fn_proto_node->data.fn_proto.return_type,
+    if (fn_type_id->is_extern && handle_is_ptr(expected_type)) {
+        add_node_error(g, fn_proto->return_type,
             buf_sprintf("byvalue types not yet supported on extern function return values"));
     }
 
     ir_gen_fn(g, fn_table_entry);
     if (fn_table_entry->ir_executable.invalid) {
-        fn_proto_node->data.fn_proto.skip = true;
-        fn_table_entry->anal_state = FnAnalStateSkipped;
+        fn_table_entry->anal_state = FnAnalStateInvalid;
         return;
     }
     if (g->verbose) {
@@ -2443,9 +2229,16 @@ static void analyze_fn_body(CodeGen *g, FnTableEntry *fn_table_entry) {
 
     TypeTableEntry *block_return_type = ir_analyze(g, &fn_table_entry->ir_executable,
             &fn_table_entry->analyzed_executable, expected_type, fn_proto->return_type);
-    node->data.fn_def.implicit_return_type = block_return_type;
+    fn_table_entry->implicit_return_type = block_return_type;
 
-    if (block_return_type->id != TypeTableEntryIdInvalid && g->verbose) {
+    if (block_return_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdInvalid ||
+        fn_table_entry->analyzed_executable.invalid)
+    {
+        fn_table_entry->anal_state = FnAnalStateInvalid;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (g->verbose) {
         fprintf(stderr, "{ // (analyzed)\n");
         ir_print(stderr, &fn_table_entry->analyzed_executable, 4);
         fprintf(stderr, "}\n");
@@ -2454,16 +2247,14 @@ static void analyze_fn_body(CodeGen *g, FnTableEntry *fn_table_entry) {
     fn_table_entry->anal_state = FnAnalStateComplete;
 }
 
-static void add_symbols_from_import(CodeGen *g, AstNode *src_use_node, AstNode *dst_use_node) {
-    TopLevelDecl *tld = get_as_top_level_decl(dst_use_node);
-
-    IrInstruction *use_target_value = tld->value;
+static void add_symbols_from_import(CodeGen *g, AstNode *dst_use_node) {
+    IrInstruction *use_target_value = dst_use_node->data.use.value;
     if (use_target_value->type_entry->id == TypeTableEntryIdInvalid) {
-        tld->import->any_imports_failed = true;
+        dst_use_node->owner->any_imports_failed = true;
         return;
     }
 
-    tld->resolution = TldResolutionOk;
+    dst_use_node->data.use.resolution = TldResolutionOk;
 
     ConstExprValue *const_val = &use_target_value->static_value;
     assert(const_val->special != ConstValSpecialRuntime);
@@ -2472,59 +2263,60 @@ static void add_symbols_from_import(CodeGen *g, AstNode *src_use_node, AstNode *
     assert(target_import);
 
     if (target_import->any_imports_failed) {
-        tld->import->any_imports_failed = true;
+        dst_use_node->owner->any_imports_failed = true;
     }
 
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < target_import->root->data.root.top_level_decls.length; i += 1) {
-        AstNode *decl_node = target_import->root->data.root.top_level_decls.at(i);
-        if (decl_node->type == NodeTypeFnDef) {
-            decl_node = decl_node->data.fn_def.fn_proto;
-        }
-        TopLevelDecl *target_tld = get_as_top_level_decl(decl_node);
-        if (!target_tld->name) {
+    auto it = target_import->decls_scope->decl_table.entry_iterator();
+    for (;;) {
+        auto *entry = it.next();
+        if (!entry)
+            break;
+
+        Tld *target_tld = entry->value;
+        if (target_tld->import != target_import ||
+            target_tld->visib_mod == VisibModPrivate)
+        {
             continue;
         }
-        if (target_tld->visib_mod != VisibModPrivate) {
-            auto existing_entry = tld->import->decls_scope->decl_table.put_unique(target_tld->name, decl_node);
-            if (existing_entry) {
-                AstNode *existing_decl = existing_entry->value;
-                if (existing_decl != decl_node) {
-                    ErrorMsg *msg = add_node_error(g, dst_use_node,
-                            buf_sprintf("import of '%s' overrides existing definition",
-                                buf_ptr(target_tld->name)));
-                    add_error_note(g, msg, existing_decl, buf_sprintf("previous definition here"));
-                    add_error_note(g, msg, decl_node, buf_sprintf("imported definition here"));
-                }
+
+        auto existing_entry = dst_use_node->owner->decls_scope->decl_table.put_unique(target_tld->name, target_tld);
+        if (existing_entry) {
+            Tld *existing_decl = existing_entry->value;
+            if (existing_decl != target_tld) {
+                ErrorMsg *msg = add_node_error(g, dst_use_node,
+                        buf_sprintf("import of '%s' overrides existing definition",
+                            buf_ptr(target_tld->name)));
+                add_error_note(g, msg, existing_decl->source_node, buf_sprintf("previous definition here"));
+                add_error_note(g, msg, target_tld->source_node, buf_sprintf("imported definition here"));
             }
         }
     }
 
     for (size_t i = 0; i < target_import->use_decls.length; i += 1) {
         AstNode *use_decl_node = target_import->use_decls.at(i);
-        TopLevelDecl *target_tld = get_as_top_level_decl(use_decl_node);
-        if (target_tld->visib_mod != VisibModPrivate) {
-            add_symbols_from_import(g, use_decl_node, dst_use_node);
-        }
+        if (use_decl_node->data.use.visib_mod != VisibModPrivate)
+            add_symbols_from_import(g, dst_use_node);
     }
-
 }
 
 void resolve_use_decl(CodeGen *g, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeUse);
-    if (get_as_top_level_decl(node)->resolution != TldResolutionUnresolved) {
+
+    if (node->data.use.resolution != TldResolutionUnresolved)
         return;
-    }
-    add_symbols_from_import(g, node, node);
+    add_symbols_from_import(g, node);
 }
 
 void preview_use_decl(CodeGen *g, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeUse);
-    TopLevelDecl *tld = get_as_top_level_decl(node);
 
-    IrInstruction *result = analyze_const_value(g, &tld->import->decls_scope->base, node->data.use.expr,
-            g->builtin_types.entry_namespace);
+    IrInstruction *result = analyze_const_value(g, &node->owner->decls_scope->base,
+        node->data.use.expr, g->builtin_types.entry_namespace);
+
     if (result->type_entry->id == TypeTableEntryIdInvalid)
-        tld->import->any_imports_failed = true;
+        node->owner->any_imports_failed = true;
+
+    node->data.use.value = result;
 }
 
 ImportTableEntry *add_source_file(CodeGen *g, PackageTableEntry *package,
@@ -2580,7 +2372,7 @@ ImportTableEntry *add_source_file(CodeGen *g, PackageTableEntry *package,
     g->import_table.put(abs_full_path, import_entry);
     g->import_queue.append(import_entry);
 
-    import_entry->decls_scope = create_decls_scope(import_entry->root, nullptr);
+    import_entry->decls_scope = create_decls_scope(import_entry->root, nullptr, nullptr, import_entry);
 
 
     assert(import_entry->root->type == NodeTypeRoot);
@@ -2592,7 +2384,7 @@ ImportTableEntry *add_source_file(CodeGen *g, PackageTableEntry *package,
             assert(proto_node->type == NodeTypeFnProto);
             Buf *proto_name = proto_node->data.fn_proto.name;
 
-            bool is_private = (proto_node->data.fn_proto.top_level_decl.visib_mod == VisibModPrivate);
+            bool is_private = (proto_node->data.fn_proto.visib_mod == VisibModPrivate);
 
             if (buf_eql_str(proto_name, "main") && !is_private) {
                 g->have_exported_main = true;
@@ -2607,7 +2399,7 @@ ImportTableEntry *add_source_file(CodeGen *g, PackageTableEntry *package,
 void semantic_analyze(CodeGen *g) {
     for (; g->import_queue_index < g->import_queue.length; g->import_queue_index += 1) {
         ImportTableEntry *import = g->import_queue.at(g->import_queue_index);
-        scan_decls(g, import, import->decls_scope, import->root);
+        scan_decls(g, import, import->decls_scope, import->root, nullptr);
     }
 
     for (; g->use_queue_index < g->use_queue.length; g->use_queue_index += 1) {
@@ -2620,82 +2412,22 @@ void semantic_analyze(CodeGen *g) {
         resolve_use_decl(g, use_decl_node);
     }
 
-    for (; g->resolve_queue_index < g->resolve_queue.length; g->resolve_queue_index += 1) {
-        AstNode *decl_node = g->resolve_queue.at(g->resolve_queue_index);
-        bool pointer_only = false;
-        resolve_top_level_decl(g, decl_node, pointer_only);
-    }
+    while (g->resolve_queue_index < g->resolve_queue.length ||
+           g->fn_defs_index < g->fn_defs.length)
+    {
+        for (; g->resolve_queue_index < g->resolve_queue.length; g->resolve_queue_index += 1) {
+            Tld *tld = g->resolve_queue.at(g->resolve_queue_index);
+            bool pointer_only = false;
+            resolve_top_level_decl(g, tld, pointer_only);
+        }
 
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < g->fn_defs.length; i += 1) {
-        FnTableEntry *fn_entry = g->fn_defs.at(i);
-        if (fn_entry->anal_state == FnAnalStateReady) {
+        for (; g->fn_defs_index < g->fn_defs.length; g->fn_defs_index += 1) {
+            FnTableEntry *fn_entry = g->fn_defs.at(g->fn_defs_index);
             analyze_fn_body(g, fn_entry);
         }
     }
 }
 
-TopLevelDecl *get_as_top_level_decl(AstNode *node) {
-    switch (node->type) {
-        case NodeTypeVariableDeclaration:
-            return &node->data.variable_declaration.top_level_decl;
-        case NodeTypeFnProto:
-            return &node->data.fn_proto.top_level_decl;
-        case NodeTypeFnDef:
-            return &node->data.fn_def.fn_proto->data.fn_proto.top_level_decl;
-        case NodeTypeContainerDecl:
-            return &node->data.struct_decl.top_level_decl;
-        case NodeTypeErrorValueDecl:
-            return &node->data.error_value_decl.top_level_decl;
-        case NodeTypeUse:
-            return &node->data.use.top_level_decl;
-        case NodeTypeTypeDecl:
-            return &node->data.type_decl.top_level_decl;
-        case NodeTypeNumberLiteral:
-        case NodeTypeReturnExpr:
-        case NodeTypeDefer:
-        case NodeTypeBinOpExpr:
-        case NodeTypeUnwrapErrorExpr:
-        case NodeTypePrefixOpExpr:
-        case NodeTypeFnCallExpr:
-        case NodeTypeArrayAccessExpr:
-        case NodeTypeSliceExpr:
-        case NodeTypeFieldAccessExpr:
-        case NodeTypeIfBoolExpr:
-        case NodeTypeIfVarExpr:
-        case NodeTypeWhileExpr:
-        case NodeTypeForExpr:
-        case NodeTypeSwitchExpr:
-        case NodeTypeSwitchProng:
-        case NodeTypeSwitchRange:
-        case NodeTypeAsmExpr:
-        case NodeTypeContainerInitExpr:
-        case NodeTypeRoot:
-        case NodeTypeFnDecl:
-        case NodeTypeParamDecl:
-        case NodeTypeBlock:
-        case NodeTypeStringLiteral:
-        case NodeTypeCharLiteral:
-        case NodeTypeSymbol:
-        case NodeTypeBoolLiteral:
-        case NodeTypeNullLiteral:
-        case NodeTypeUndefinedLiteral:
-        case NodeTypeZeroesLiteral:
-        case NodeTypeThisLiteral:
-        case NodeTypeLabel:
-        case NodeTypeGoto:
-        case NodeTypeBreak:
-        case NodeTypeContinue:
-        case NodeTypeStructField:
-        case NodeTypeStructValueField:
-        case NodeTypeArrayType:
-        case NodeTypeErrorType:
-        case NodeTypeTypeLiteral:
-        case NodeTypeVarLiteral:
-            zig_unreachable();
-    }
-    zig_unreachable();
-}
-
 bool is_node_void_expr(AstNode *node) {
     if (node->type == NodeTypeContainerInitExpr &&
         node->data.container_init_expr.kind == ContainerInitKindArray)
@@ -2749,7 +2481,6 @@ bool handle_is_ptr(TypeTableEntry *type_entry) {
         case TypeTableEntryIdNullLit:
         case TypeTableEntryIdNamespace:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBlock:
-        case TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdVar:
              zig_unreachable();
@@ -2902,7 +2633,6 @@ static uint32_t hash_const_val(TypeTableEntry *type, ConstExprValue *const_val)
             return hash_ptr(const_val->data.x_import);
         case TypeTableEntryIdBlock:
             return hash_ptr(const_val->data.x_block);
-        case TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdInvalid:
         case TypeTableEntryIdUnreachable:
@@ -2912,45 +2642,6 @@ static uint32_t hash_const_val(TypeTableEntry *type, ConstExprValue *const_val)
     zig_unreachable();
 }
 
-uint32_t generic_fn_type_id_hash(GenericFnTypeId *id) {
-    zig_panic("TODO generic_fn_type_id_hash");
-    //uint32_t result = 0;
-    //result += hash_ptr(id->decl_node);
-    //for (size_t i = 0; i < id->generic_param_count; i += 1) {
-    //    GenericParamValue *generic_param = &id->generic_params[i];
-    //    if (generic_param->node) {
-    //        ConstExprValue *const_val = &get_resolved_expr(generic_param->node)->instruction->static_value;
-    //        assert(const_val->special != ConstValSpecialRuntime);
-    //        result += hash_const_val(generic_param->type, const_val);
-    //    }
-    //    result += hash_ptr(generic_param->type);
-    //}
-    //return result;
-}
-
-bool generic_fn_type_id_eql(GenericFnTypeId *a, GenericFnTypeId *b) {
-    zig_panic("TODO generic_fn_type_id_eql");
-    //if (a->decl_node != b->decl_node) return false;
-    //assert(a->generic_param_count == b->generic_param_count);
-    //for (size_t i = 0; i < a->generic_param_count; i += 1) {
-    //    GenericParamValue *a_val = &a->generic_params[i];
-    //    GenericParamValue *b_val = &b->generic_params[i];
-    //    if (a_val->type != b_val->type) return false;
-    //    if (a_val->node && b_val->node) {
-    //        ConstExprValue *a_const_val = &get_resolved_expr(a_val->node)->instruction->static_value;
-    //        ConstExprValue *b_const_val = &get_resolved_expr(b_val->node)->instruction->static_value;
-    //        assert(a_const_val->special != ConstValSpecialRuntime);
-    //        assert(b_const_val->special != ConstValSpecialRuntime);
-    //        if (!const_values_equal(a_const_val, b_const_val, a_val->type)) {
-    //            return false;
-    //        }
-    //    } else {
-    //        assert(!a_val->node && !b_val->node);
-    //    }
-    //}
-    //return true;
-}
-
 bool type_has_bits(TypeTableEntry *type_entry) {
     assert(type_entry);
     assert(type_entry->id != TypeTableEntryIdInvalid);
@@ -2981,7 +2672,6 @@ static TypeTableEntry *type_of_first_thing_in_memory(TypeTableEntry *type_entry)
         case TypeTableEntryIdVoid:
         case TypeTableEntryIdNamespace:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBlock:
-        case TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdVar:
             zig_unreachable();
src/analyze.hpp
@@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ TypeTableEntry *get_int_type(CodeGen *g, bool is_signed, size_t size_in_bits);
 TypeTableEntry **get_c_int_type_ptr(CodeGen *g, CIntType c_int_type);
 TypeTableEntry *get_c_int_type(CodeGen *g, CIntType c_int_type);
 TypeTableEntry *get_typedecl_type(CodeGen *g, const char *name, TypeTableEntry *child_type);
-TypeTableEntry *get_fn_type(CodeGen *g, FnTypeId *fn_type_id, bool gen_debug_info);
+TypeTableEntry *get_fn_type(CodeGen *g, FnTypeId *fn_type_id);
 TypeTableEntry *get_maybe_type(CodeGen *g, TypeTableEntry *child_type);
 TypeTableEntry *get_array_type(CodeGen *g, TypeTableEntry *child_type, uint64_t array_size);
 TypeTableEntry *get_slice_type(CodeGen *g, TypeTableEntry *child_type, bool is_const);
-TypeTableEntry *get_partial_container_type(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, Scope *context,
+TypeTableEntry *get_partial_container_type(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, Scope *scope,
         ContainerKind kind, AstNode *decl_node, const char *name);
 TypeTableEntry *get_smallest_unsigned_int_type(CodeGen *g, uint64_t x);
 TypeTableEntry *get_error_type(CodeGen *g, TypeTableEntry *child_type);
@@ -49,9 +49,8 @@ AstNode *first_executing_node(AstNode *node);
 // TODO move these over, these used to be static
 bool types_match_const_cast_only(TypeTableEntry *expected_type, TypeTableEntry *actual_type);
 VariableTableEntry *find_variable(CodeGen *g, Scope *orig_context, Buf *name);
-AstNode *find_decl(Scope *context, Buf *name);
-void resolve_top_level_decl(CodeGen *g, AstNode *node, bool pointer_only);
-TopLevelDecl *get_as_top_level_decl(AstNode *node);
+Tld *find_decl(Scope *scope, Buf *name);
+void resolve_top_level_decl(CodeGen *g, Tld *tld, bool pointer_only);
 bool type_is_codegen_pointer(TypeTableEntry *type);
 TypeTableEntry *validate_var_type(CodeGen *g, AstNode *source_node, TypeTableEntry *type_entry);
 TypeTableEntry *container_ref_type(TypeTableEntry *type_entry);
@@ -61,16 +60,21 @@ TypeStructField *find_struct_type_field(TypeTableEntry *type_entry, Buf *name);
 ScopeDecls *get_container_scope(TypeTableEntry *type_entry);
 TypeEnumField *find_enum_type_field(TypeTableEntry *enum_type, Buf *name);
 bool is_container_ref(TypeTableEntry *type_entry);
-void scan_decls(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, ScopeDecls *decls_scope, AstNode *node);
+void scan_decls(CodeGen *g, ImportTableEntry *import, ScopeDecls *decls_scope, AstNode *node, Tld *parent_tld);
 void preview_use_decl(CodeGen *g, AstNode *node);
 void resolve_use_decl(CodeGen *g, AstNode *node);
+FnTableEntry *scope_fn_entry(Scope *scope);
+ImportTableEntry *get_scope_import(Scope *scope);
+void init_tld(Tld *tld, TldId id, Buf *name, VisibMod visib_mod, AstNode *source_node,
+    Scope *parent_scope, Tld *parent_tld);
+VariableTableEntry *add_variable(CodeGen *g, AstNode *source_node, Scope *parent_scope, Buf *name,
+    TypeTableEntry *type_entry, bool is_const, ConstExprValue *init_value);
 
-ScopeDecls *create_decls_scope(AstNode *node, Scope *parent);
 Scope *create_block_scope(AstNode *node, Scope *parent);
 Scope *create_defer_scope(AstNode *node, Scope *parent);
 Scope *create_var_scope(AstNode *node, Scope *parent, VariableTableEntry *var);
 Scope *create_cimport_scope(AstNode *node, Scope *parent);
 Scope *create_loop_scope(AstNode *node, Scope *parent);
-Scope *create_fndef_scope(AstNode *node, Scope *parent, FnTableEntry *fn_entry);
+ScopeFnDef *create_fndef_scope(AstNode *node, Scope *parent, FnTableEntry *fn_entry);
 
 #endif
src/ast_render.cpp
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ static void render_node_extra(AstRender *ar, AstNode *node, bool grouped) {
             break;
         case NodeTypeFnProto:
             {
-                const char *pub_str = visib_mod_string(node->data.fn_proto.top_level_decl.visib_mod);
+                const char *pub_str = visib_mod_string(node->data.fn_proto.visib_mod);
                 const char *extern_str = extern_string(node->data.fn_proto.is_extern);
                 const char *inline_str = inline_string(node->data.fn_proto.is_inline);
                 fprintf(ar->f, "%s%s%sfn ", pub_str, inline_str, extern_str);
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@ static void render_node_extra(AstRender *ar, AstNode *node, bool grouped) {
             }
         case NodeTypeVariableDeclaration:
             {
-                const char *pub_str = visib_mod_string(node->data.variable_declaration.top_level_decl.visib_mod);
+                const char *pub_str = visib_mod_string(node->data.variable_declaration.visib_mod);
                 const char *extern_str = extern_string(node->data.variable_declaration.is_extern);
                 const char *const_or_var = const_or_var_string(node->data.variable_declaration.is_const);
                 fprintf(ar->f, "%s%s%s ", pub_str, extern_str, const_or_var);
@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@ static void render_node_extra(AstRender *ar, AstNode *node, bool grouped) {
             }
         case NodeTypeTypeDecl:
             {
-                const char *pub_str = visib_mod_string(node->data.type_decl.top_level_decl.visib_mod);
+                const char *pub_str = visib_mod_string(node->data.type_decl.visib_mod);
                 const char *var_name = buf_ptr(node->data.type_decl.symbol);
                 fprintf(ar->f, "%stype %s = ", pub_str, var_name);
                 render_node_grouped(ar, node->data.type_decl.child_type);
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ static void render_node_extra(AstRender *ar, AstNode *node, bool grouped) {
         case NodeTypeContainerDecl:
             {
                 const char *struct_name = buf_ptr(node->data.struct_decl.name);
-                const char *pub_str = visib_mod_string(node->data.struct_decl.top_level_decl.visib_mod);
+                const char *pub_str = visib_mod_string(node->data.struct_decl.visib_mod);
                 const char *container_str = container_string(node->data.struct_decl.kind);
                 fprintf(ar->f, "%s%s %s {\n", pub_str, container_str, struct_name);
                 ar->indent += ar->indent_size;
src/codegen.cpp
@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@ CodeGen *codegen_create(Buf *root_source_dir, const ZigTarget *target) {
     g->primitive_type_table.init(32);
     g->fn_type_table.init(32);
     g->error_table.init(16);
-    g->generic_table.init(16);
     g->is_release_build = false;
     g->is_test_build = false;
     g->want_h_file = true;
@@ -227,13 +226,59 @@ void codegen_set_rdynamic(CodeGen *g, bool rdynamic) {
 static void render_const_val(CodeGen *g, TypeTableEntry *type_entry, ConstExprValue *const_val);
 static void render_const_val_global(CodeGen *g, TypeTableEntry *type_entry, ConstExprValue *const_val);
 
+static LLVMValueRef fn_llvm_value(CodeGen *g, FnTableEntry *fn_table_entry) {
+    if (fn_table_entry->llvm_value)
+        return fn_table_entry->llvm_value;
+
+    Buf *symbol_name;
+    if (!fn_table_entry->internal_linkage) {
+        symbol_name = &fn_table_entry->symbol_name;
+    } else {
+        symbol_name = buf_sprintf("_%s", buf_ptr(&fn_table_entry->symbol_name));
+    }
+
+    TypeTableEntry *fn_type = fn_table_entry->type_entry;
+    fn_table_entry->llvm_value = LLVMAddFunction(g->module, buf_ptr(symbol_name), fn_type->data.fn.raw_type_ref);
+
+    switch (fn_table_entry->fn_inline) {
+        case FnInlineAlways:
+            LLVMAddFunctionAttr(fn_table_entry->llvm_value, LLVMAlwaysInlineAttribute);
+            break;
+        case FnInlineNever:
+            LLVMAddFunctionAttr(fn_table_entry->llvm_value, LLVMNoInlineAttribute);
+            break;
+        case FnInlineAuto:
+            break;
+    }
+    if (fn_type->data.fn.fn_type_id.is_naked) {
+        LLVMAddFunctionAttr(fn_table_entry->llvm_value, LLVMNakedAttribute);
+    }
+
+    LLVMSetLinkage(fn_table_entry->llvm_value, fn_table_entry->internal_linkage ?
+        LLVMInternalLinkage : LLVMExternalLinkage);
+
+    if (fn_type->data.fn.fn_type_id.return_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdUnreachable) {
+        LLVMAddFunctionAttr(fn_table_entry->llvm_value, LLVMNoReturnAttribute);
+    }
+    LLVMSetFunctionCallConv(fn_table_entry->llvm_value, fn_type->data.fn.calling_convention);
+    if (!fn_type->data.fn.fn_type_id.is_extern) {
+        LLVMAddFunctionAttr(fn_table_entry->llvm_value, LLVMNoUnwindAttribute);
+    }
+    if (!g->is_release_build && fn_table_entry->fn_inline != FnInlineAlways) {
+        ZigLLVMAddFunctionAttr(fn_table_entry->llvm_value, "no-frame-pointer-elim", "true");
+        ZigLLVMAddFunctionAttr(fn_table_entry->llvm_value, "no-frame-pointer-elim-non-leaf", nullptr);
+    }
+
+    return fn_table_entry->llvm_value;
+}
+
 static ZigLLVMDIScope *get_di_scope(CodeGen *g, Scope *scope) {
     if (scope->di_scope)
         return scope->di_scope;
 
     if (scope->node->type == NodeTypeFnDef) {
         assert(scope->parent);
-        ScopeFnBody *fn_scope = (ScopeFnBody *)scope;
+        ScopeFnDef *fn_scope = (ScopeFnDef *)scope;
         FnTableEntry *fn_table_entry = fn_scope->fn_entry;
         unsigned line_number = fn_table_entry->proto_node->line + 1;
         unsigned scope_line = line_number;
@@ -247,11 +292,13 @@ static ZigLLVMDIScope *get_di_scope(CodeGen *g, Scope *scope) {
             is_definition, scope_line, flags, is_optimized, nullptr);
 
         scope->di_scope = ZigLLVMSubprogramToScope(subprogram);
-        ZigLLVMFnSetSubprogram(fn_table_entry->fn_value, subprogram);
-    } else if (scope->node->type == NodeTypeRoot ||
-               scope->node->type == NodeTypeContainerDecl)
-    {
+        ZigLLVMFnSetSubprogram(fn_llvm_value(g, fn_table_entry), subprogram);
+    } else if (scope->node->type == NodeTypeRoot) {
         scope->di_scope = ZigLLVMFileToScope(scope->node->owner->di_file);
+    } else if (scope->node->type == NodeTypeContainerDecl) {
+        ScopeDecls *decls_scope = (ScopeDecls *)scope;
+        assert(decls_scope->container_type);
+        scope->di_scope = ZigLLVMTypeToScope(decls_scope->container_type->di_type);
     } else {
         assert(scope->parent);
         ZigLLVMDILexicalBlock *di_block = ZigLLVMCreateLexicalBlock(g->dbuilder,
@@ -265,11 +312,6 @@ static ZigLLVMDIScope *get_di_scope(CodeGen *g, Scope *scope) {
     return scope->di_scope;
 }
 
-static void set_debug_source_node(CodeGen *g, AstNode *node) {
-    assert(node->scope);
-    ZigLLVMSetCurrentDebugLocation(g->builder, node->line + 1, node->column + 1, get_di_scope(g, node->scope));
-}
-
 static void clear_debug_source_node(CodeGen *g) {
     ZigLLVMClearCurrentDebugLocation(g->builder);
 }
@@ -350,24 +392,25 @@ static LLVMValueRef get_handle_value(CodeGen *g, LLVMValueRef ptr, TypeTableEntr
     }
 }
 
-static bool want_debug_safety_recursive(CodeGen *g, Scope *context) {
-    if (context->safety_set_node || !context->parent) {
-        return !context->safety_off;
-    }
-    context->safety_off = !want_debug_safety_recursive(g, context->parent);
-    context->safety_set_node = context->parent->safety_set_node;
-    return !context->safety_off;
-}
-
-static bool want_debug_safety(CodeGen *g, AstNode *node) {
-    if (g->is_release_build) {
+static bool ir_want_debug_safety(CodeGen *g, IrInstruction *instruction) {
+    if (g->is_release_build)
         return false;
-    }
-    return want_debug_safety_recursive(g, node->scope);
-}
 
-static bool ir_want_debug_safety(CodeGen *g, IrInstruction *instruction) {
-    return want_debug_safety(g, instruction->source_node);
+    // TODO memoize
+    Scope *scope = instruction->scope;
+    while (scope) {
+        if (scope->node->type == NodeTypeBlock) {
+            ScopeBlock *block_scope = (ScopeBlock *)scope;
+            if (block_scope->safety_set_node)
+                return !block_scope->safety_off;
+        } else if (scope->node->type == NodeTypeRoot || scope->node->type == NodeTypeContainerDecl) {
+            ScopeDecls *decls_scope = (ScopeDecls *)scope;
+            if (decls_scope->safety_set_node)
+                return !decls_scope->safety_off;
+        }
+        scope = scope->parent;
+    }
+    return true;
 }
 
 static void gen_debug_safety_crash(CodeGen *g) {
@@ -388,10 +431,10 @@ static void add_bounds_check(CodeGen *g, LLVMValueRef target_val,
         upper_value = nullptr;
     }
 
-    LLVMBasicBlockRef bounds_check_fail_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn->fn_value, "BoundsCheckFail");
-    LLVMBasicBlockRef ok_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn->fn_value, "BoundsCheckOk");
+    LLVMBasicBlockRef bounds_check_fail_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn_val, "BoundsCheckFail");
+    LLVMBasicBlockRef ok_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn_val, "BoundsCheckOk");
     LLVMBasicBlockRef lower_ok_block = upper_value ?
-        LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn->fn_value, "FirstBoundsCheckOk") : ok_block;
+        LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn_val, "FirstBoundsCheckOk") : ok_block;
 
     LLVMValueRef lower_ok_val = LLVMBuildICmp(g->builder, lower_pred, target_val, lower_value, "");
     LLVMBuildCondBr(g->builder, lower_ok_val, lower_ok_block, bounds_check_fail_block);
@@ -408,7 +451,7 @@ static void add_bounds_check(CodeGen *g, LLVMValueRef target_val,
     LLVMPositionBuilderAtEnd(g->builder, ok_block);
 }
 
-static LLVMValueRef gen_widen_or_shorten(CodeGen *g, AstNode *source_node, TypeTableEntry *actual_type_non_canon,
+static LLVMValueRef gen_widen_or_shorten(CodeGen *g, bool want_debug_safety, TypeTableEntry *actual_type_non_canon,
         TypeTableEntry *wanted_type_non_canon, LLVMValueRef expr_val)
 {
     TypeTableEntry *actual_type = get_underlying_type(actual_type_non_canon);
@@ -430,13 +473,13 @@ static LLVMValueRef gen_widen_or_shorten(CodeGen *g, AstNode *source_node, TypeT
 
     if (actual_bits >= wanted_bits && actual_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdInt &&
         !wanted_type->data.integral.is_signed && actual_type->data.integral.is_signed &&
-        want_debug_safety(g, source_node))
+        want_debug_safety)
     {
         LLVMValueRef zero = LLVMConstNull(actual_type->type_ref);
         LLVMValueRef ok_bit = LLVMBuildICmp(g->builder, LLVMIntSGE, expr_val, zero, "");
 
-        LLVMBasicBlockRef ok_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn->fn_value, "SignCastOk");
-        LLVMBasicBlockRef fail_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn->fn_value, "SignCastFail");
+        LLVMBasicBlockRef ok_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn_val, "SignCastOk");
+        LLVMBasicBlockRef fail_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn_val, "SignCastFail");
         LLVMBuildCondBr(g->builder, ok_bit, ok_block, fail_block);
 
         LLVMPositionBuilderAtEnd(g->builder, fail_block);
@@ -464,7 +507,7 @@ static LLVMValueRef gen_widen_or_shorten(CodeGen *g, AstNode *source_node, TypeT
             return LLVMBuildFPTrunc(g->builder, expr_val, wanted_type->type_ref, "");
         } else if (actual_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdInt) {
             LLVMValueRef trunc_val = LLVMBuildTrunc(g->builder, expr_val, wanted_type->type_ref, "");
-            if (!want_debug_safety(g, source_node)) {
+            if (!want_debug_safety) {
                 return trunc_val;
             }
             LLVMValueRef orig_val;
@@ -474,8 +517,8 @@ static LLVMValueRef gen_widen_or_shorten(CodeGen *g, AstNode *source_node, TypeT
                 orig_val = LLVMBuildZExt(g->builder, trunc_val, actual_type->type_ref, "");
             }
             LLVMValueRef ok_bit = LLVMBuildICmp(g->builder, LLVMIntEQ, expr_val, orig_val, "");
-            LLVMBasicBlockRef ok_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn->fn_value, "CastShortenOk");
-            LLVMBasicBlockRef fail_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn->fn_value, "CastShortenFail");
+            LLVMBasicBlockRef ok_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn_val, "CastShortenOk");
+            LLVMBasicBlockRef fail_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn_val, "CastShortenFail");
             LLVMBuildCondBr(g->builder, ok_bit, ok_block, fail_block);
 
             LLVMPositionBuilderAtEnd(g->builder, fail_block);
@@ -502,8 +545,8 @@ static LLVMValueRef gen_overflow_op(CodeGen *g, TypeTableEntry *type_entry, AddS
     LLVMValueRef result_struct = LLVMBuildCall(g->builder, fn_val, params, 2, "");
     LLVMValueRef result = LLVMBuildExtractValue(g->builder, result_struct, 0, "");
     LLVMValueRef overflow_bit = LLVMBuildExtractValue(g->builder, result_struct, 1, "");
-    LLVMBasicBlockRef fail_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn->fn_value, "OverflowFail");
-    LLVMBasicBlockRef ok_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn->fn_value, "OverflowOk");
+    LLVMBasicBlockRef fail_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn_val, "OverflowFail");
+    LLVMBasicBlockRef ok_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn_val, "OverflowOk");
     LLVMBuildCondBr(g->builder, overflow_bit, fail_block, ok_block);
 
     LLVMPositionBuilderAtEnd(g->builder, fail_block);
@@ -645,8 +688,8 @@ static LLVMValueRef gen_overflow_shl_op(CodeGen *g, TypeTableEntry *type_entry,
     }
     LLVMValueRef ok_bit = LLVMBuildICmp(g->builder, LLVMIntEQ, val1, orig_val, "");
 
-    LLVMBasicBlockRef ok_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn->fn_value, "OverflowOk");
-    LLVMBasicBlockRef fail_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn->fn_value, "OverflowFail");
+    LLVMBasicBlockRef ok_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn_val, "OverflowOk");
+    LLVMBasicBlockRef fail_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn_val, "OverflowFail");
     LLVMBuildCondBr(g->builder, ok_bit, ok_block, fail_block);
 
     LLVMPositionBuilderAtEnd(g->builder, fail_block);
@@ -656,11 +699,11 @@ static LLVMValueRef gen_overflow_shl_op(CodeGen *g, TypeTableEntry *type_entry,
     return result;
 }
 
-static LLVMValueRef gen_div(CodeGen *g, AstNode *source_node, LLVMValueRef val1, LLVMValueRef val2,
+static LLVMValueRef gen_div(CodeGen *g, bool want_debug_safety, LLVMValueRef val1, LLVMValueRef val2,
         TypeTableEntry *type_entry, bool exact)
 {
 
-    if (want_debug_safety(g, source_node)) {
+    if (want_debug_safety) {
         LLVMValueRef zero = LLVMConstNull(type_entry->type_ref);
         LLVMValueRef is_zero_bit;
         if (type_entry->id == TypeTableEntryIdInt) {
@@ -670,8 +713,8 @@ static LLVMValueRef gen_div(CodeGen *g, AstNode *source_node, LLVMValueRef val1,
         } else {
             zig_unreachable();
         }
-        LLVMBasicBlockRef ok_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn->fn_value, "DivZeroOk");
-        LLVMBasicBlockRef fail_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn->fn_value, "DivZeroFail");
+        LLVMBasicBlockRef ok_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn_val, "DivZeroOk");
+        LLVMBasicBlockRef fail_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn_val, "DivZeroFail");
         LLVMBuildCondBr(g->builder, is_zero_bit, fail_block, ok_block);
 
         LLVMPositionBuilderAtEnd(g->builder, fail_block);
@@ -688,7 +731,7 @@ static LLVMValueRef gen_div(CodeGen *g, AstNode *source_node, LLVMValueRef val1,
     assert(type_entry->id == TypeTableEntryIdInt);
 
     if (exact) {
-        if (want_debug_safety(g, source_node)) {
+        if (want_debug_safety) {
             LLVMValueRef remainder_val;
             if (type_entry->data.integral.is_signed) {
                 remainder_val = LLVMBuildSRem(g->builder, val1, val2, "");
@@ -698,8 +741,8 @@ static LLVMValueRef gen_div(CodeGen *g, AstNode *source_node, LLVMValueRef val1,
             LLVMValueRef zero = LLVMConstNull(type_entry->type_ref);
             LLVMValueRef ok_bit = LLVMBuildICmp(g->builder, LLVMIntEQ, remainder_val, zero, "");
 
-            LLVMBasicBlockRef ok_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn->fn_value, "DivExactOk");
-            LLVMBasicBlockRef fail_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn->fn_value, "DivExactFail");
+            LLVMBasicBlockRef ok_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn_val, "DivExactOk");
+            LLVMBasicBlockRef fail_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn_val, "DivExactFail");
             LLVMBuildCondBr(g->builder, ok_bit, ok_block, fail_block);
 
             LLVMPositionBuilderAtEnd(g->builder, fail_block);
@@ -727,7 +770,6 @@ static LLVMValueRef ir_render_bin_op(CodeGen *g, IrExecutable *executable,
     IrBinOp op_id = bin_op_instruction->op_id;
     IrInstruction *op1 = bin_op_instruction->op1;
     IrInstruction *op2 = bin_op_instruction->op2;
-    AstNode *source_node = bin_op_instruction->base.source_node;
 
     assert(op1->type_entry == op2->type_entry);
 
@@ -801,7 +843,7 @@ static LLVMValueRef ir_render_bin_op(CodeGen *g, IrExecutable *executable,
                 bool is_wrapping = (op_id == IrBinOpBitShiftLeftWrap);
                 if (is_wrapping) {
                     return LLVMBuildShl(g->builder, op1_value, op2_value, "");
-                } else if (want_debug_safety(g, source_node)) {
+                } else if (ir_want_debug_safety(g, &bin_op_instruction->base)) {
                     return gen_overflow_shl_op(g, op1->type_entry, op1_value, op2_value);
                 } else if (op1->type_entry->data.integral.is_signed) {
                     return ZigLLVMBuildNSWShl(g->builder, op1_value, op2_value, "");
@@ -824,7 +866,7 @@ static LLVMValueRef ir_render_bin_op(CodeGen *g, IrExecutable *executable,
                 bool is_wrapping = (op_id == IrBinOpSubWrap);
                 if (is_wrapping) {
                     return LLVMBuildSub(g->builder, op1_value, op2_value, "");
-                } else if (want_debug_safety(g, source_node)) {
+                } else if (ir_want_debug_safety(g, &bin_op_instruction->base)) {
                     return gen_overflow_op(g, op1->type_entry, AddSubMulSub, op1_value, op2_value);
                 } else if (op1->type_entry->data.integral.is_signed) {
                     return LLVMBuildNSWSub(g->builder, op1_value, op2_value, "");
@@ -842,7 +884,7 @@ static LLVMValueRef ir_render_bin_op(CodeGen *g, IrExecutable *executable,
                 bool is_wrapping = (op_id == IrBinOpMultWrap);
                 if (is_wrapping) {
                     return LLVMBuildMul(g->builder, op1_value, op2_value, "");
-                } else if (want_debug_safety(g, source_node)) {
+                } else if (ir_want_debug_safety(g, &bin_op_instruction->base)) {
                     return gen_overflow_op(g, op1->type_entry, AddSubMulMul, op1_value, op2_value);
                 } else if (op1->type_entry->data.integral.is_signed) {
                     return LLVMBuildNSWMul(g->builder, op1_value, op2_value, "");
@@ -853,7 +895,8 @@ static LLVMValueRef ir_render_bin_op(CodeGen *g, IrExecutable *executable,
                 zig_unreachable();
             }
         case IrBinOpDiv:
-            return gen_div(g, source_node, op1_value, op2_value, op1->type_entry, false);
+            return gen_div(g, ir_want_debug_safety(g, &bin_op_instruction->base),
+                op1_value, op2_value, op1->type_entry, false);
         case IrBinOpMod:
             if (op1->type_entry->id == TypeTableEntryIdFloat) {
                 return LLVMBuildFRem(g->builder, op1_value, op2_value, "");
@@ -885,8 +928,8 @@ static LLVMValueRef ir_render_cast(CodeGen *g, IrExecutable *executable,
         case CastOpErrToInt:
             assert(actual_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdErrorUnion);
             if (!type_has_bits(actual_type->data.error.child_type)) {
-                return gen_widen_or_shorten(g, cast_instruction->base.source_node,
-                        g->err_tag_type, wanted_type, expr_val);
+                return gen_widen_or_shorten(g, ir_want_debug_safety(g, &cast_instruction->base),
+                    g->err_tag_type, wanted_type, expr_val);
             } else {
                 zig_panic("TODO");
             }
@@ -954,7 +997,8 @@ static LLVMValueRef ir_render_cast(CodeGen *g, IrExecutable *executable,
         case CastOpPointerReinterpret:
             return LLVMBuildBitCast(g->builder, expr_val, wanted_type->type_ref, "");
         case CastOpWidenOrShorten:
-            return gen_widen_or_shorten(g, cast_instruction->base.source_node, actual_type, wanted_type, expr_val);
+            return gen_widen_or_shorten(g, ir_want_debug_safety(g, &cast_instruction->base),
+                actual_type, wanted_type, expr_val);
         case CastOpToUnknownSizeArray:
             {
                 assert(cast_instruction->tmp_ptr);
@@ -1021,8 +1065,8 @@ static LLVMValueRef ir_render_cast(CodeGen *g, IrExecutable *executable,
                         LLVMValueRef remainder_val = LLVMBuildURem(g->builder, src_len, dest_size_val, "");
                         LLVMValueRef zero = LLVMConstNull(g->builtin_types.entry_usize->type_ref);
                         LLVMValueRef ok_bit = LLVMBuildICmp(g->builder, LLVMIntEQ, remainder_val, zero, "");
-                        LLVMBasicBlockRef ok_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn->fn_value, "SliceWidenOk");
-                        LLVMBasicBlockRef fail_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn->fn_value, "SliceWidenFail");
+                        LLVMBasicBlockRef ok_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn_val, "SliceWidenOk");
+                        LLVMBasicBlockRef fail_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn_val, "SliceWidenFail");
                         LLVMBuildCondBr(g->builder, ok_bit, ok_block, fail_block);
 
                         LLVMPositionBuilderAtEnd(g->builder, fail_block);
@@ -1087,10 +1131,10 @@ static LLVMValueRef ir_render_cast(CodeGen *g, IrExecutable *executable,
             return LLVMBuildZExt(g->builder, expr_val, wanted_type->type_ref, "");
 
         case CastOpIntToEnum:
-            return gen_widen_or_shorten(g, cast_instruction->base.source_node,
+            return gen_widen_or_shorten(g, ir_want_debug_safety(g, &cast_instruction->base),
                     actual_type, wanted_type->data.enumeration.tag_type, expr_val);
         case CastOpEnumToInt:
-            return gen_widen_or_shorten(g, cast_instruction->base.source_node,
+            return gen_widen_or_shorten(g, ir_want_debug_safety(g, &cast_instruction->base),
                     actual_type->data.enumeration.tag_type, wanted_type, expr_val);
     }
     zig_unreachable();
@@ -1197,8 +1241,8 @@ static LLVMValueRef ir_render_un_op(CodeGen *g, IrExecutable *executable, IrInst
                     }
                     LLVMValueRef zero = LLVMConstNull(g->err_tag_type->type_ref);
                     LLVMValueRef cond_val = LLVMBuildICmp(g->builder, LLVMIntEQ, err_val, zero, "");
-                    LLVMBasicBlockRef err_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn->fn_value, "UnwrapErrError");
-                    LLVMBasicBlockRef ok_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn->fn_value, "UnwrapErrOk");
+                    LLVMBasicBlockRef err_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn_val, "UnwrapErrError");
+                    LLVMBasicBlockRef ok_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn_val, "UnwrapErrOk");
                     LLVMBuildCondBr(g->builder, cond_val, ok_block, err_block);
 
                     LLVMPositionBuilderAtEnd(g->builder, err_block);
@@ -1231,8 +1275,8 @@ static LLVMValueRef ir_render_un_op(CodeGen *g, IrExecutable *executable, IrInst
                         cond_val = LLVMBuildLoad(g->builder, maybe_null_ptr, "");
                     }
 
-                    LLVMBasicBlockRef ok_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn->fn_value, "UnwrapMaybeOk");
-                    LLVMBasicBlockRef null_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn->fn_value, "UnwrapMaybeNull");
+                    LLVMBasicBlockRef ok_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn_val, "UnwrapMaybeOk");
+                    LLVMBasicBlockRef null_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn_val, "UnwrapMaybeNull");
                     LLVMBuildCondBr(g->builder, cond_val, ok_block, null_block);
 
                     LLVMPositionBuilderAtEnd(g->builder, null_block);
@@ -1408,7 +1452,7 @@ static LLVMValueRef ir_render_call(CodeGen *g, IrExecutable *executable, IrInstr
     LLVMValueRef fn_val;
     TypeTableEntry *fn_type;
     if (instruction->fn_entry) {
-        fn_val = instruction->fn_entry->fn_value;
+        fn_val = fn_llvm_value(g, instruction->fn_entry);
         fn_type = instruction->fn_entry->type_entry;
     } else {
         assert(instruction->fn_ref);
@@ -1563,7 +1607,7 @@ static LLVMValueRef ir_render_asm(CodeGen *g, IrExecutable *executable, IrInstru
         }
 
         if (!is_return) {
-            VariableTableEntry *variable = asm_output->variable;
+            VariableTableEntry *variable = instruction->output_vars[i];
             assert(variable);
             param_types[param_index] = LLVMTypeOf(variable->value_ref);
             param_values[param_index] = variable->value_ref;
@@ -1638,8 +1682,8 @@ static LLVMValueRef ir_render_unwrap_maybe(CodeGen *g, IrExecutable *executable,
     LLVMValueRef maybe_ptr = ir_llvm_value(g, instruction->value);
     if (ir_want_debug_safety(g, &instruction->base) && instruction->safety_check_on) {
         LLVMValueRef nonnull_bit = gen_null_bit(g, ptr_type, maybe_ptr);
-        LLVMBasicBlockRef ok_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn->fn_value, "UnwrapMaybeOk");
-        LLVMBasicBlockRef fail_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn->fn_value, "UnwrapMaybeFail");
+        LLVMBasicBlockRef ok_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn_val, "UnwrapMaybeOk");
+        LLVMBasicBlockRef fail_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(g->cur_fn_val, "UnwrapMaybeFail");
         LLVMBuildCondBr(g->builder, nonnull_bit, ok_block, fail_block);
 
         LLVMPositionBuilderAtEnd(g->builder, fail_block);
@@ -1730,8 +1774,18 @@ static LLVMValueRef ir_render_ref(CodeGen *g, IrExecutable *executable, IrInstru
     }
 }
 
+static void set_debug_location(CodeGen *g, IrInstruction *instruction) {
+    AstNode *source_node = instruction->source_node;
+    Scope *scope = instruction->scope;
+
+    assert(source_node);
+    assert(scope);
+
+    ZigLLVMSetCurrentDebugLocation(g->builder, source_node->line + 1, source_node->column + 1, get_di_scope(g, scope));
+}
+
 static LLVMValueRef ir_render_instruction(CodeGen *g, IrExecutable *executable, IrInstruction *instruction) {
-    set_debug_source_node(g, instruction->source_node);
+    set_debug_location(g, instruction);
 
     switch (instruction->id) {
         case IrInstructionIdInvalid:
@@ -1961,7 +2015,7 @@ static LLVMValueRef gen_const_val(CodeGen *g, TypeTableEntry *type_entry, ConstE
                 }
             }
         case TypeTableEntryIdFn:
-            return const_val->data.x_fn->fn_value;
+            return fn_llvm_value(g, const_val->data.x_fn);
         case TypeTableEntryIdPointer:
             {
                 TypeTableEntry *child_type = type_entry->data.pointer.child_type;
@@ -2021,7 +2075,6 @@ static LLVMValueRef gen_const_val(CodeGen *g, TypeTableEntry *type_entry, ConstE
         case TypeTableEntryIdNullLit:
         case TypeTableEntryIdNamespace:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBlock:
-        case TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdVar:
             zig_unreachable();
@@ -2107,7 +2160,7 @@ static LLVMValueRef gen_test_fn_val(CodeGen *g, FnTableEntry *fn_entry) {
     LLVMValueRef name_val = LLVMConstStruct(name_fields, 2, false);
     LLVMValueRef fields[] = {
         name_val,
-        fn_entry->fn_value,
+        fn_llvm_value(g, fn_entry),
     };
     return LLVMConstStruct(fields, 2, false);
 }
@@ -2157,7 +2210,7 @@ static void build_all_basic_blocks(CodeGen *g, FnTableEntry *fn) {
     assert(executable->basic_block_list.length > 0);
     for (size_t block_i = 0; block_i < executable->basic_block_list.length; block_i += 1) {
         IrBasicBlock *bb = executable->basic_block_list.at(block_i);
-        bb->llvm_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(fn->fn_value, bb->name_hint);
+        bb->llvm_block = LLVMAppendBasicBlock(fn_llvm_value(g, fn), bb->name_hint);
     }
     IrBasicBlock *entry_bb = executable->basic_block_list.at(0);
     LLVMPositionBuilderAtEnd(g->builder, entry_bb->llvm_block);
@@ -2167,11 +2220,14 @@ static void gen_global_var(CodeGen *g, VariableTableEntry *var, LLVMValueRef ini
     TypeTableEntry *type_entry)
 {
     assert(var->gen_is_const);
-    assert(var->import);
     assert(type_entry);
+
+    ImportTableEntry *import = get_scope_import(var->parent_scope);
+    assert(import);
+
     bool is_local_to_unit = true;
     ZigLLVMCreateGlobalVariable(g->dbuilder, get_di_scope(g, var->parent_scope), buf_ptr(&var->name),
-        buf_ptr(&var->name), var->import->di_file, var->decl_node->line + 1,
+        buf_ptr(&var->name), import->di_file, var->decl_node->line + 1,
         type_entry->di_type, is_local_to_unit, init_val);
 }
 
@@ -2187,7 +2243,7 @@ static void do_code_gen(CodeGen *g) {
 
         if (var->type->id == TypeTableEntryIdNumLitFloat) {
             // Generate debug info for it but that's it.
-            ConstExprValue *const_val = &var->decl_node->data.variable_declaration.top_level_decl.value->static_value;
+            ConstExprValue *const_val = var->value;
             assert(const_val->special != ConstValSpecialRuntime);
             TypeTableEntry *var_type = g->builtin_types.entry_f64;
             LLVMValueRef init_val = LLVMConstReal(var_type->type_ref, const_val->data.x_bignum.data.x_float);
@@ -2197,7 +2253,7 @@ static void do_code_gen(CodeGen *g) {
 
         if (var->type->id == TypeTableEntryIdNumLitInt) {
             // Generate debug info for it but that's it.
-            ConstExprValue *const_val = &var->decl_node->data.variable_declaration.top_level_decl.value->static_value;
+            ConstExprValue *const_val = var->value;
             assert(const_val->special != ConstValSpecialRuntime);
             TypeTableEntry *var_type = const_val->data.x_bignum.is_negative ?
                 g->builtin_types.entry_isize : g->builtin_types.entry_usize;
@@ -2222,13 +2278,12 @@ static void do_code_gen(CodeGen *g) {
 
             LLVMSetLinkage(global_value, LLVMExternalLinkage);
         } else {
-            IrInstruction *instruction = var->decl_node->data.variable_declaration.top_level_decl.value;
-            render_const_val(g, instruction->type_entry, &instruction->static_value);
-            render_const_val_global(g, instruction->type_entry, &instruction->static_value);
-            global_value = instruction->static_value.llvm_global;
+            render_const_val(g, var->type, var->value);
+            render_const_val_global(g, var->type, var->value);
+            global_value = var->value->llvm_global;
             // TODO debug info for function pointers
             if (var->gen_is_const && var->type->id != TypeTableEntryIdFn) {
-                gen_global_var(g, var, instruction->static_value.llvm_value, var->type);
+                gen_global_var(g, var, var->value->llvm_value, var->type);
             }
         }
 
@@ -2246,12 +2301,8 @@ static void do_code_gen(CodeGen *g) {
     // Generate function prototypes
     for (size_t fn_proto_i = 0; fn_proto_i < g->fn_protos.length; fn_proto_i += 1) {
         FnTableEntry *fn_table_entry = g->fn_protos.at(fn_proto_i);
-        if (should_skip_fn_codegen(g, fn_table_entry)) {
-            // huge time saver
-            LLVMDeleteFunction(fn_table_entry->fn_value);
-            fn_table_entry->fn_value = nullptr;
+        if (should_skip_fn_codegen(g, fn_table_entry))
             continue;
-        }
 
         AstNode *proto_node = fn_table_entry->proto_node;
         assert(proto_node->type == NodeTypeFnProto);
@@ -2259,16 +2310,18 @@ static void do_code_gen(CodeGen *g) {
 
         TypeTableEntry *fn_type = fn_table_entry->type_entry;
 
+        LLVMValueRef fn_val = fn_llvm_value(g, fn_table_entry);
+
         if (!type_has_bits(fn_type->data.fn.fn_type_id.return_type)) {
             // nothing to do
         } else if (fn_type->data.fn.fn_type_id.return_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdPointer) {
-            ZigLLVMAddNonNullAttr(fn_table_entry->fn_value, 0);
+            ZigLLVMAddNonNullAttr(fn_val, 0);
         } else if (handle_is_ptr(fn_type->data.fn.fn_type_id.return_type) &&
                 !fn_type->data.fn.fn_type_id.is_extern)
         {
-            LLVMValueRef first_arg = LLVMGetParam(fn_table_entry->fn_value, 0);
+            LLVMValueRef first_arg = LLVMGetParam(fn_val, 0);
             LLVMAddAttribute(first_arg, LLVMStructRetAttribute);
-            ZigLLVMAddNonNullAttr(fn_table_entry->fn_value, 1);
+            ZigLLVMAddNonNullAttr(fn_val, 1);
         }
 
 
@@ -2286,7 +2339,7 @@ static void do_code_gen(CodeGen *g) {
             }
 
             TypeTableEntry *param_type = info->type;
-            LLVMValueRef argument_val = LLVMGetParam(fn_table_entry->fn_value, gen_index);
+            LLVMValueRef argument_val = LLVMGetParam(fn_val, gen_index);
             bool param_is_noalias = param_node->data.param_decl.is_noalias;
             if (param_is_noalias) {
                 LLVMAddAttribute(argument_val, LLVMNoAliasAttribute);
@@ -2295,7 +2348,7 @@ static void do_code_gen(CodeGen *g) {
                 LLVMAddAttribute(argument_val, LLVMReadOnlyAttribute);
             }
             if (param_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdPointer) {
-                ZigLLVMAddNonNullAttr(fn_table_entry->fn_value, gen_index + 1);
+                ZigLLVMAddNonNullAttr(fn_val, gen_index + 1);
             }
             if (is_byval) {
                 // TODO
@@ -2345,14 +2398,13 @@ static void do_code_gen(CodeGen *g) {
     // Generate function definitions.
     for (size_t fn_i = 0; fn_i < g->fn_defs.length; fn_i += 1) {
         FnTableEntry *fn_table_entry = g->fn_defs.at(fn_i);
-        if (should_skip_fn_codegen(g, fn_table_entry)) {
-            // huge time saver
+        if (should_skip_fn_codegen(g, fn_table_entry))
             continue;
-        }
 
         ImportTableEntry *import = fn_table_entry->import_entry;
-        LLVMValueRef fn = fn_table_entry->fn_value;
+        LLVMValueRef fn = fn_llvm_value(g, fn_table_entry);
         g->cur_fn = fn_table_entry;
+        g->cur_fn_val = fn;
         if (handle_is_ptr(fn_table_entry->type_entry->data.fn.fn_type_id.return_type)) {
             g->cur_ret_ptr = LLVMGetParam(fn, 0);
         } else {
@@ -2401,7 +2453,18 @@ static void do_code_gen(CodeGen *g) {
             if (var->is_inline)
                 continue;
 
-            if (var->parent_scope->node->type == NodeTypeFnDef) {
+            if (var->src_arg_index == SIZE_MAX) {
+                var->value_ref = LLVMBuildAlloca(g->builder, var->type->type_ref, buf_ptr(&var->name));
+
+
+                unsigned align_bytes = ZigLLVMGetPrefTypeAlignment(g->target_data_ref, var->type->type_ref);
+                LLVMSetAlignment(var->value_ref, align_bytes);
+
+                var->di_loc_var = ZigLLVMCreateAutoVariable(g->dbuilder, get_di_scope(g, var->parent_scope),
+                        buf_ptr(&var->name), import->di_file, var->decl_node->line + 1,
+                        var->type->di_type, !g->strip_debug_symbols, 0);
+
+            } else {
                 assert(var->gen_arg_index != SIZE_MAX);
                 TypeTableEntry *gen_type;
                 if (handle_is_ptr(var->type)) {
@@ -2417,31 +2480,21 @@ static void do_code_gen(CodeGen *g) {
                         buf_ptr(&var->name), import->di_file, var->decl_node->line + 1,
                         gen_type->di_type, !g->strip_debug_symbols, 0, var->gen_arg_index + 1);
 
-            } else {
-                var->value_ref = LLVMBuildAlloca(g->builder, var->type->type_ref, buf_ptr(&var->name));
-
-
-                unsigned align_bytes = ZigLLVMGetPrefTypeAlignment(g->target_data_ref, var->type->type_ref);
-                LLVMSetAlignment(var->value_ref, align_bytes);
-
-                var->di_loc_var = ZigLLVMCreateAutoVariable(g->dbuilder, get_di_scope(g, var->parent_scope),
-                        buf_ptr(&var->name), import->di_file, var->decl_node->line + 1,
-                        var->type->di_type, !g->strip_debug_symbols, 0);
             }
         }
 
         // create debug variable declarations for parameters
+        // rely on the first variables in the variable_list being parameters.
+        size_t next_var_i = 0;
         for (size_t param_i = 0; param_i < fn_proto->params.length; param_i += 1) {
-            AstNode *param_decl = fn_proto->params.at(param_i);
-            assert(param_decl->type == NodeTypeParamDecl);
-
             FnGenParamInfo *info = &fn_table_entry->type_entry->data.fn.gen_param_info[param_i];
-
-            if (info->gen_index == SIZE_MAX) {
+            if (info->gen_index == SIZE_MAX)
                 continue;
-            }
 
-            VariableTableEntry *variable = param_decl->data.param_decl.variable;
+            VariableTableEntry *variable = fn_table_entry->variable_list.at(next_var_i);
+            assert(variable->src_arg_index != SIZE_MAX);
+            next_var_i += 1;
+
             assert(variable);
             assert(variable->value_ref);
 
@@ -3308,7 +3361,6 @@ static void get_c_type(CodeGen *g, TypeTableEntry *type_entry, Buf *out_buf) {
             zig_panic("TODO");
         case TypeTableEntryIdInvalid:
         case TypeTableEntryIdMetaType:
-        case TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdNamespace:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBlock:
@@ -3343,7 +3395,7 @@ void codegen_generate_h_file(CodeGen *g) {
         assert(proto_node->type == NodeTypeFnProto);
         AstNodeFnProto *fn_proto = &proto_node->data.fn_proto;
 
-        if (fn_proto->top_level_decl.visib_mod != VisibModExport)
+        if (fn_proto->visib_mod != VisibModExport)
             continue;
 
         FnTypeId *fn_type_id = &fn_table_entry->type_entry->data.fn.fn_type_id;
src/eval.cpp
@@ -55,7 +55,6 @@ bool const_values_equal(ConstExprValue *a, ConstExprValue *b, TypeTableEntry *ty
             zig_panic("TODO");
         case TypeTableEntryIdBlock:
             zig_panic("TODO");
-        case TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdInvalid:
         case TypeTableEntryIdUnreachable:
src/ir.cpp
@@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2016 Andrew Kelley
+ *
+ * This file is part of zig, which is MIT licensed.
+ * See http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
+ */
+
 #include "analyze.hpp"
 #include "error.hpp"
 #include "eval.hpp"
@@ -71,6 +78,10 @@ static size_t exec_next_mem_slot(IrExecutable *exec) {
     return result;
 }
 
+static FnTableEntry *exec_fn_entry(IrExecutable *exec) {
+    return exec->fn_entry;
+}
+
 static void ir_link_new_instruction(IrInstruction *new_instruction, IrInstruction *old_instruction) {
     new_instruction->other = old_instruction;
     old_instruction->other = new_instruction;
@@ -289,26 +300,27 @@ static constexpr IrInstructionId ir_instruction_id(IrInstructionStructInit *) {
 }
 
 template<typename T>
-static T *ir_create_instruction(IrExecutable *exec, AstNode *source_node) {
+static T *ir_create_instruction(IrExecutable *exec, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node) {
     T *special_instruction = allocate<T>(1);
     special_instruction->base.id = ir_instruction_id(special_instruction);
+    special_instruction->base.scope = scope;
     special_instruction->base.source_node = source_node;
     special_instruction->base.debug_id = exec_next_debug_id(exec);
     return special_instruction;
 }
 
 template<typename T>
-static T *ir_build_instruction(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node) {
+static T *ir_build_instruction(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node) {
     assert(source_node);
-    T *special_instruction = ir_create_instruction<T>(irb->exec, source_node);
+    T *special_instruction = ir_create_instruction<T>(irb->exec, scope, source_node);
     ir_instruction_append(irb->current_basic_block, &special_instruction->base);
     return special_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_cast(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, TypeTableEntry *dest_type,
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_cast(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, TypeTableEntry *dest_type,
     IrInstruction *value, CastOp cast_op)
 {
-    IrInstructionCast *cast_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionCast>(irb, source_node);
+    IrInstructionCast *cast_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionCast>(irb, scope, source_node);
     cast_instruction->dest_type = dest_type;
     cast_instruction->value = value;
     cast_instruction->cast_op = cast_op;
@@ -318,10 +330,10 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_cast(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, TypeTa
     return &cast_instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_cond_br(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *condition,
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_cond_br(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *condition,
         IrBasicBlock *then_block, IrBasicBlock *else_block, bool is_inline)
 {
-    IrInstructionCondBr *cond_br_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionCondBr>(irb, source_node);
+    IrInstructionCondBr *cond_br_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionCondBr>(irb, scope, source_node);
     cond_br_instruction->base.type_entry = irb->codegen->builtin_types.entry_unreachable;
     cond_br_instruction->base.static_value.special = ConstValSpecialStatic;
     cond_br_instruction->condition = condition;
@@ -339,14 +351,14 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_cond_br(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrI
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_cond_br_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction,
         IrInstruction *condition, IrBasicBlock *then_block, IrBasicBlock *else_block, bool is_inline)
 {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_cond_br(irb, old_instruction->source_node,
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_cond_br(irb, old_instruction->scope, old_instruction->source_node,
             condition, then_block, else_block, is_inline);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_return(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *return_value) {
-    IrInstructionReturn *return_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionReturn>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_return(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *return_value) {
+    IrInstructionReturn *return_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionReturn>(irb, scope, source_node);
     return_instruction->base.type_entry = irb->codegen->builtin_types.entry_unreachable;
     return_instruction->base.static_value.special = ConstValSpecialStatic;
     return_instruction->value = return_value;
@@ -359,38 +371,38 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_return(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrIn
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_return_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction,
         IrInstruction *return_value)
 {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_return(irb, old_instruction->source_node, return_value);
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_return(irb, old_instruction->scope, old_instruction->source_node, return_value);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_create_const(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
+static IrInstruction *ir_create_const(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node,
     TypeTableEntry *type_entry, bool depends_on_compile_var)
 {
     assert(type_entry);
-    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_create_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb->exec, source_node);
+    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_create_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb->exec, scope, source_node);
     const_instruction->base.type_entry = type_entry;
     const_instruction->base.static_value.special = ConstValSpecialStatic;
     const_instruction->base.static_value.depends_on_compile_var = depends_on_compile_var;
     return &const_instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_void(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node) {
-    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_void(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node) {
+    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, scope, source_node);
     const_instruction->base.type_entry = irb->codegen->builtin_types.entry_void;
     const_instruction->base.static_value.special = ConstValSpecialStatic;
     return &const_instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_undefined(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node) {
-    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_undefined(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node) {
+    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, scope, source_node);
     const_instruction->base.static_value.special = ConstValSpecialUndef;
     const_instruction->base.type_entry = irb->codegen->builtin_types.entry_undef;
     return &const_instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_bignum(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, BigNum *bignum) {
-    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_bignum(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, BigNum *bignum) {
+    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, scope, source_node);
     const_instruction->base.type_entry = (bignum->kind == BigNumKindInt) ?
         irb->codegen->builtin_types.entry_num_lit_int : irb->codegen->builtin_types.entry_num_lit_float;
     const_instruction->base.static_value.special = ConstValSpecialStatic;
@@ -398,79 +410,77 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_bignum(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node
     return &const_instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_null(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node) {
-    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_null(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node) {
+    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, scope, source_node);
     const_instruction->base.type_entry = irb->codegen->builtin_types.entry_null;
     const_instruction->base.static_value.special = ConstValSpecialStatic;
     return &const_instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_usize(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, uint64_t value) {
-    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_usize(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, uint64_t value) {
+    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, scope, source_node);
     const_instruction->base.type_entry = irb->codegen->builtin_types.entry_usize;
     const_instruction->base.static_value.special = ConstValSpecialStatic;
     bignum_init_unsigned(&const_instruction->base.static_value.data.x_bignum, value);
     return &const_instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_create_const_type(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, TypeTableEntry *type_entry) {
-    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_create_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb->exec, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_create_const_type(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node,
+        TypeTableEntry *type_entry)
+{
+    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_create_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb->exec, scope, source_node);
     const_instruction->base.type_entry = irb->codegen->builtin_types.entry_type;
     const_instruction->base.static_value.special = ConstValSpecialStatic;
     const_instruction->base.static_value.data.x_type = type_entry;
     return &const_instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_type(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, TypeTableEntry *type_entry) {
-    IrInstruction *instruction = ir_create_const_type(irb, source_node, type_entry);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_type(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node,
+        TypeTableEntry *type_entry)
+{
+    IrInstruction *instruction = ir_create_const_type(irb, scope, source_node, type_entry);
     ir_instruction_append(irb->current_basic_block, instruction);
     return instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_fn(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, FnTableEntry *fn_entry) {
-    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_fn(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, FnTableEntry *fn_entry) {
+    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, scope, source_node);
     const_instruction->base.type_entry = fn_entry->type_entry;
     const_instruction->base.static_value.special = ConstValSpecialStatic;
     const_instruction->base.static_value.data.x_fn = fn_entry;
     return &const_instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_generic_fn(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, TypeTableEntry *fn_type) {
-    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, source_node);
-    const_instruction->base.type_entry = fn_type;
-    const_instruction->base.static_value.special = ConstValSpecialStatic;
-    const_instruction->base.static_value.data.x_type = fn_type;
-    return &const_instruction->base;
-}
-
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_import(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, ImportTableEntry *import) {
-    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_import(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, ImportTableEntry *import) {
+    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, scope, source_node);
     const_instruction->base.type_entry = irb->codegen->builtin_types.entry_namespace;
     const_instruction->base.static_value.special = ConstValSpecialStatic;
     const_instruction->base.static_value.data.x_import = import;
     return &const_instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_scope(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, Scope *scope) {
-    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_scope(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *parent_scope, AstNode *source_node,
+        Scope *target_scope)
+{
+    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, parent_scope, source_node);
     const_instruction->base.type_entry = irb->codegen->builtin_types.entry_block;
     const_instruction->base.static_value.special = ConstValSpecialStatic;
-    const_instruction->base.static_value.data.x_block = scope;
+    const_instruction->base.static_value.data.x_block = target_scope;
     return &const_instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_bool(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, bool value) {
-    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_bool(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, bool value) {
+    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, scope, source_node);
     const_instruction->base.type_entry = irb->codegen->builtin_types.entry_bool;
     const_instruction->base.static_value.special = ConstValSpecialStatic;
     const_instruction->base.static_value.data.x_bool = value;
     return &const_instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_bound_fn(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_bound_fn(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node,
     FnTableEntry *fn_entry, IrInstruction *first_arg, bool depends_on_compile_var)
 {
-    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, source_node);
+    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, scope, source_node);
     const_instruction->base.type_entry = get_bound_fn_type(irb->codegen, fn_entry);
     const_instruction->base.static_value.special = ConstValSpecialStatic;
     const_instruction->base.static_value.depends_on_compile_var = depends_on_compile_var;
@@ -479,8 +489,8 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_bound_fn(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_no
     return &const_instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_str_lit(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, Buf *str) {
-    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_str_lit(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, Buf *str) {
+    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, scope, source_node);
     TypeTableEntry *u8_type = irb->codegen->builtin_types.entry_u8;
     TypeTableEntry *type_entry = get_array_type(irb->codegen, u8_type, buf_len(str));
     const_instruction->base.type_entry = type_entry;
@@ -498,7 +508,7 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_str_lit(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_nod
     return &const_instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_c_str_lit(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, Buf *str) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_c_str_lit(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, Buf *str) {
     // first we build the underlying array
     size_t len_with_null = buf_len(str) + 1;
     ConstExprValue *array_val = allocate<ConstExprValue>(1);
@@ -515,7 +525,7 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_c_str_lit(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_n
     bignum_init_unsigned(&null_char->data.x_bignum, 0);
 
     // then make the pointer point to it
-    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, source_node);
+    IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(irb, scope, source_node);
     TypeTableEntry *u8_type = irb->codegen->builtin_types.entry_u8;
     TypeTableEntry *type_entry = get_pointer_to_type(irb->codegen, u8_type, true);
     const_instruction->base.type_entry = type_entry;
@@ -528,10 +538,10 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_const_c_str_lit(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_n
     return &const_instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_bin_op(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrBinOp op_id,
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_bin_op(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrBinOp op_id,
         IrInstruction *op1, IrInstruction *op2)
 {
-    IrInstructionBinOp *bin_op_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionBinOp>(irb, source_node);
+    IrInstructionBinOp *bin_op_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionBinOp>(irb, scope, source_node);
     bin_op_instruction->op_id = op_id;
     bin_op_instruction->op1 = op1;
     bin_op_instruction->op2 = op2;
@@ -545,13 +555,14 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_bin_op(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrBi
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_bin_op_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction, IrBinOp op_id,
         IrInstruction *op1, IrInstruction *op2)
 {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_bin_op(irb, old_instruction->source_node, op_id, op1, op2);
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_bin_op(irb, old_instruction->scope,
+            old_instruction->source_node, op_id, op1, op2);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_var_ptr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, VariableTableEntry *var) {
-    IrInstructionVarPtr *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionVarPtr>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_var_ptr(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, VariableTableEntry *var) {
+    IrInstructionVarPtr *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionVarPtr>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->var = var;
 
     ir_ref_var(var);
@@ -560,16 +571,16 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_var_ptr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, Var
 }
 
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_var_ptr_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction, VariableTableEntry *var) {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_var_ptr(irb, old_instruction->source_node, var);
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_var_ptr(irb, old_instruction->scope, old_instruction->source_node, var);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_elem_ptr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *array_ptr,
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_elem_ptr(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *array_ptr,
         IrInstruction *elem_index, bool safety_check_on)
 {
-    IrInstructionElemPtr *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionElemPtr>(irb, source_node);
+    IrInstructionElemPtr *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionElemPtr>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->array_ptr = array_ptr;
     instruction->elem_index = elem_index;
     instruction->safety_check_on = safety_check_on;
@@ -583,16 +594,16 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_elem_ptr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, Ir
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_elem_ptr_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction,
         IrInstruction *array_ptr, IrInstruction *elem_index, bool safety_check_on)
 {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_elem_ptr(irb, old_instruction->source_node, array_ptr, elem_index,
-            safety_check_on);
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_elem_ptr(irb, old_instruction->scope,
+            old_instruction->source_node, array_ptr, elem_index, safety_check_on);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_field_ptr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_field_ptr(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node,
     IrInstruction *container_ptr, Buf *field_name)
 {
-    IrInstructionFieldPtr *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionFieldPtr>(irb, source_node);
+    IrInstructionFieldPtr *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionFieldPtr>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->container_ptr = container_ptr;
     instruction->field_name = field_name;
 
@@ -601,10 +612,10 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_field_ptr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
     return &instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_struct_field_ptr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_struct_field_ptr(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node,
     IrInstruction *struct_ptr, TypeStructField *field)
 {
-    IrInstructionStructFieldPtr *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionStructFieldPtr>(irb, source_node);
+    IrInstructionStructFieldPtr *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionStructFieldPtr>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->struct_ptr = struct_ptr;
     instruction->field = field;
 
@@ -616,16 +627,16 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_struct_field_ptr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_struct_field_ptr_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction,
     IrInstruction *struct_ptr, TypeStructField *type_struct_field)
 {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_struct_field_ptr(irb, old_instruction->source_node,
-        struct_ptr, type_struct_field);
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_struct_field_ptr(irb, old_instruction->scope,
+            old_instruction->source_node, struct_ptr, type_struct_field);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_enum_field_ptr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_enum_field_ptr(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node,
     IrInstruction *enum_ptr, TypeEnumField *field)
 {
-    IrInstructionEnumFieldPtr *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionEnumFieldPtr>(irb, source_node);
+    IrInstructionEnumFieldPtr *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionEnumFieldPtr>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->enum_ptr = enum_ptr;
     instruction->field = field;
 
@@ -637,16 +648,16 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_enum_field_ptr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_no
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_enum_field_ptr_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction,
     IrInstruction *enum_ptr, TypeEnumField *type_enum_field)
 {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_enum_field_ptr(irb, old_instruction->source_node,
-        enum_ptr, type_enum_field);
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_enum_field_ptr(irb, old_instruction->scope,
+            old_instruction->source_node, enum_ptr, type_enum_field);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_call(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_call(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node,
         FnTableEntry *fn_entry, IrInstruction *fn_ref, size_t arg_count, IrInstruction **args)
 {
-    IrInstructionCall *call_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionCall>(irb, source_node);
+    IrInstructionCall *call_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionCall>(irb, scope, source_node);
     call_instruction->fn_entry = fn_entry;
     call_instruction->fn_ref = fn_ref;
     call_instruction->arg_count = arg_count;
@@ -663,18 +674,19 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_call(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_call_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction,
         FnTableEntry *fn_entry, IrInstruction *fn_ref, size_t arg_count, IrInstruction **args)
 {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_call(irb, old_instruction->source_node, fn_entry, fn_ref, arg_count, args);
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_call(irb, old_instruction->scope,
+            old_instruction->source_node, fn_entry, fn_ref, arg_count, args);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_phi(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_phi(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node,
         size_t incoming_count, IrBasicBlock **incoming_blocks, IrInstruction **incoming_values)
 {
     assert(incoming_count != 0);
     assert(incoming_count != SIZE_MAX);
 
-    IrInstructionPhi *phi_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionPhi>(irb, source_node);
+    IrInstructionPhi *phi_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionPhi>(irb, scope, source_node);
     phi_instruction->incoming_count = incoming_count;
     phi_instruction->incoming_blocks = incoming_blocks;
     phi_instruction->incoming_values = incoming_values;
@@ -690,14 +702,16 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_phi(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_phi_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction,
         size_t incoming_count, IrBasicBlock **incoming_blocks, IrInstruction **incoming_values)
 {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_phi(irb, old_instruction->source_node,
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_phi(irb, old_instruction->scope, old_instruction->source_node,
             incoming_count, incoming_blocks, incoming_values);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_create_br(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrBasicBlock *dest_block, bool is_inline) {
-    IrInstructionBr *br_instruction = ir_create_instruction<IrInstructionBr>(irb->exec, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_create_br(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node,
+        IrBasicBlock *dest_block, bool is_inline)
+{
+    IrInstructionBr *br_instruction = ir_create_instruction<IrInstructionBr>(irb->exec, scope, source_node);
     br_instruction->base.type_entry = irb->codegen->builtin_types.entry_unreachable;
     br_instruction->base.static_value.special = ConstValSpecialStatic;
     br_instruction->dest_block = dest_block;
@@ -708,20 +722,23 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_create_br(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrBasic
     return &br_instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_br(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrBasicBlock *dest_block, bool is_inline) {
-    IrInstruction *instruction = ir_create_br(irb, source_node, dest_block, is_inline);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_br(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node,
+        IrBasicBlock *dest_block, bool is_inline)
+{
+    IrInstruction *instruction = ir_create_br(irb, scope, source_node, dest_block, is_inline);
     ir_instruction_append(irb->current_basic_block, instruction);
     return instruction;
 }
 
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_br_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction, IrBasicBlock *dest_block) {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_br(irb, old_instruction->source_node, dest_block, false);
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_br(irb, old_instruction->scope,
+            old_instruction->source_node, dest_block, false);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_un_op(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrUnOp op_id, IrInstruction *value) {
-    IrInstructionUnOp *br_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionUnOp>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_un_op(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrUnOp op_id, IrInstruction *value) {
+    IrInstructionUnOp *br_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionUnOp>(irb, scope, source_node);
     br_instruction->op_id = op_id;
     br_instruction->value = value;
 
@@ -733,16 +750,17 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_un_op(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrUnO
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_un_op_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction,
         IrUnOp op_id, IrInstruction *value)
 {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_un_op(irb, old_instruction->source_node, op_id, value);
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_un_op(irb, old_instruction->scope,
+            old_instruction->source_node, op_id, value);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_container_init_list(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_container_init_list(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node,
         IrInstruction *container_type, size_t item_count, IrInstruction **items)
 {
     IrInstructionContainerInitList *container_init_list_instruction =
-        ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionContainerInitList>(irb, source_node);
+        ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionContainerInitList>(irb, scope, source_node);
     container_init_list_instruction->container_type = container_type;
     container_init_list_instruction->item_count = item_count;
     container_init_list_instruction->items = items;
@@ -758,17 +776,17 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_container_init_list(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *sour
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_container_init_list_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction,
         IrInstruction *container_type, size_t item_count, IrInstruction **items)
 {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_container_init_list(irb, old_instruction->source_node,
-        container_type, item_count, items);
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_container_init_list(irb, old_instruction->scope,
+            old_instruction->source_node, container_type, item_count, items);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_container_init_fields(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_container_init_fields(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node,
         IrInstruction *container_type, size_t field_count, IrInstructionContainerInitFieldsField *fields)
 {
     IrInstructionContainerInitFields *container_init_fields_instruction =
-        ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionContainerInitFields>(irb, source_node);
+        ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionContainerInitFields>(irb, scope, source_node);
     container_init_fields_instruction->container_type = container_type;
     container_init_fields_instruction->field_count = field_count;
     container_init_fields_instruction->fields = fields;
@@ -781,10 +799,10 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_container_init_fields(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *so
     return &container_init_fields_instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_struct_init(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_struct_init(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node,
         TypeTableEntry *struct_type, size_t field_count, IrInstructionStructInitField *fields)
 {
-    IrInstructionStructInit *struct_init_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionStructInit>(irb, source_node);
+    IrInstructionStructInit *struct_init_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionStructInit>(irb, scope, source_node);
     struct_init_instruction->struct_type = struct_type;
     struct_init_instruction->field_count = field_count;
     struct_init_instruction->fields = fields;
@@ -798,30 +816,30 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_struct_init(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_struct_init_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction,
         TypeTableEntry *struct_type, size_t field_count, IrInstructionStructInitField *fields)
 {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_struct_init(irb, old_instruction->source_node,
-        struct_type, field_count, fields);
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_struct_init(irb, old_instruction->scope,
+            old_instruction->source_node, struct_type, field_count, fields);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_unreachable(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_unreachable(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node) {
     IrInstructionUnreachable *unreachable_instruction =
-        ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionUnreachable>(irb, source_node);
+        ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionUnreachable>(irb, scope, source_node);
     unreachable_instruction->base.static_value.special = ConstValSpecialStatic;
     unreachable_instruction->base.type_entry = irb->codegen->builtin_types.entry_unreachable;
     return &unreachable_instruction->base;
 }
 
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_unreachable_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction) {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_unreachable(irb, old_instruction->source_node);
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_unreachable(irb, old_instruction->scope, old_instruction->source_node);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_store_ptr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_store_ptr(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node,
         IrInstruction *ptr, IrInstruction *value)
 {
-    IrInstructionStorePtr *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionStorePtr>(irb, source_node);
+    IrInstructionStorePtr *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionStorePtr>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->base.static_value.special = ConstValSpecialStatic;
     instruction->base.type_entry = irb->codegen->builtin_types.entry_void;
     instruction->ptr = ptr;
@@ -836,15 +854,16 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_store_ptr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_store_ptr_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction,
         IrInstruction *ptr, IrInstruction *value)
 {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_store_ptr(irb, old_instruction->source_node, ptr, value);
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_store_ptr(irb, old_instruction->scope,
+            old_instruction->source_node, ptr, value);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_var_decl(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_var_decl(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node,
         VariableTableEntry *var, IrInstruction *var_type, IrInstruction *init_value)
 {
-    IrInstructionDeclVar *decl_var_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionDeclVar>(irb, source_node);
+    IrInstructionDeclVar *decl_var_instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionDeclVar>(irb, scope, source_node);
     decl_var_instruction->base.static_value.special = ConstValSpecialStatic;
     decl_var_instruction->base.type_entry = irb->codegen->builtin_types.entry_void;
     decl_var_instruction->var = var;
@@ -860,13 +879,14 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_var_decl(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_var_decl_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction,
         VariableTableEntry *var, IrInstruction *var_type, IrInstruction *init_value)
 {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_var_decl(irb, old_instruction->source_node, var, var_type, init_value);
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_var_decl(irb, old_instruction->scope,
+            old_instruction->source_node, var, var_type, init_value);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_load_ptr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *ptr) {
-    IrInstructionLoadPtr *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionLoadPtr>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_load_ptr(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *ptr) {
+    IrInstructionLoadPtr *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionLoadPtr>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->ptr = ptr;
 
     ir_ref_instruction(ptr);
@@ -875,13 +895,14 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_load_ptr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, Ir
 }
 
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_load_ptr_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction, IrInstruction *ptr) {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_load_ptr(irb, old_instruction->source_node, ptr);
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_load_ptr(irb, old_instruction->scope,
+            old_instruction->source_node, ptr);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_typeof(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *value) {
-    IrInstructionTypeOf *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionTypeOf>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_typeof(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *value) {
+    IrInstructionTypeOf *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionTypeOf>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->value = value;
 
     ir_ref_instruction(value);
@@ -889,8 +910,8 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_typeof(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrIn
     return &instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_to_ptr_type(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *value) {
-    IrInstructionToPtrType *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionToPtrType>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_to_ptr_type(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *value) {
+    IrInstructionToPtrType *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionToPtrType>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->value = value;
 
     ir_ref_instruction(value);
@@ -898,8 +919,8 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_to_ptr_type(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
     return &instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_ptr_type_child(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *value) {
-    IrInstructionPtrTypeChild *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionPtrTypeChild>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_ptr_type_child(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *value) {
+    IrInstructionPtrTypeChild *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionPtrTypeChild>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->value = value;
 
     ir_ref_instruction(value);
@@ -907,10 +928,10 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_ptr_type_child(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_no
     return &instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_set_fn_test(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *fn_value,
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_set_fn_test(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *fn_value,
         IrInstruction *is_test)
 {
-    IrInstructionSetFnTest *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionSetFnTest>(irb, source_node);
+    IrInstructionSetFnTest *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionSetFnTest>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->fn_value = fn_value;
     instruction->is_test = is_test;
 
@@ -920,10 +941,10 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_set_fn_test(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
     return &instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_set_fn_visible(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *fn_value,
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_set_fn_visible(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *fn_value,
         IrInstruction *is_visible)
 {
-    IrInstructionSetFnVisible *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionSetFnVisible>(irb, source_node);
+    IrInstructionSetFnVisible *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionSetFnVisible>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->fn_value = fn_value;
     instruction->is_visible = is_visible;
 
@@ -933,10 +954,10 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_set_fn_visible(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_no
     return &instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_set_debug_safety(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_set_debug_safety(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node,
         IrInstruction *scope_value, IrInstruction *debug_safety_on)
 {
-    IrInstructionSetDebugSafety *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionSetDebugSafety>(irb, source_node);
+    IrInstructionSetDebugSafety *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionSetDebugSafety>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->scope_value = scope_value;
     instruction->debug_safety_on = debug_safety_on;
 
@@ -946,10 +967,10 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_set_debug_safety(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_
     return &instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_array_type(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *size,
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_array_type(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *size,
         IrInstruction *child_type)
 {
-    IrInstructionArrayType *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionArrayType>(irb, source_node);
+    IrInstructionArrayType *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionArrayType>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->size = size;
     instruction->child_type = child_type;
 
@@ -959,10 +980,10 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_array_type(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
     return &instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_slice_type(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, bool is_const,
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_slice_type(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, bool is_const,
         IrInstruction *child_type)
 {
-    IrInstructionSliceType *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionSliceType>(irb, source_node);
+    IrInstructionSliceType *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionSliceType>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->is_const = is_const;
     instruction->child_type = child_type;
 
@@ -971,12 +992,13 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_slice_type(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
     return &instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_asm(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction **input_list,
-        IrInstruction **output_types, size_t return_count, bool has_side_effects)
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_asm(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction **input_list,
+        IrInstruction **output_types, VariableTableEntry **output_vars, size_t return_count, bool has_side_effects)
 {
-    IrInstructionAsm *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionAsm>(irb, source_node);
+    IrInstructionAsm *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionAsm>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->input_list = input_list;
     instruction->output_types = output_types;
+    instruction->output_vars = output_vars;
     instruction->return_count = return_count;
     instruction->has_side_effects = has_side_effects;
 
@@ -995,16 +1017,16 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_asm(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstr
 }
 
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_asm_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction, IrInstruction **input_list,
-        IrInstruction **output_types, size_t return_count, bool has_side_effects)
+        IrInstruction **output_types, VariableTableEntry **output_vars, size_t return_count, bool has_side_effects)
 {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_asm(irb, old_instruction->source_node, input_list, output_types,
-            return_count, has_side_effects);
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_asm(irb, old_instruction->scope,
+            old_instruction->source_node, input_list, output_types, output_vars, return_count, has_side_effects);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_compile_var(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *name) {
-    IrInstructionCompileVar *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionCompileVar>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_compile_var(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *name) {
+    IrInstructionCompileVar *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionCompileVar>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->name = name;
 
     ir_ref_instruction(name);
@@ -1012,8 +1034,8 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_compile_var(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
     return &instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_size_of(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *type_value) {
-    IrInstructionSizeOf *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionSizeOf>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_size_of(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *type_value) {
+    IrInstructionSizeOf *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionSizeOf>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->type_value = type_value;
 
     ir_ref_instruction(type_value);
@@ -1021,8 +1043,8 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_size_of(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrI
     return &instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_test_null(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *value) {
-    IrInstructionTestNull *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionTestNull>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_test_null(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *value) {
+    IrInstructionTestNull *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionTestNull>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->value = value;
 
     ir_ref_instruction(value);
@@ -1033,15 +1055,16 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_test_null(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, I
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_test_null_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction,
         IrInstruction *value)
 {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_test_null(irb, old_instruction->source_node, value);
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_test_null(irb, old_instruction->scope,
+            old_instruction->source_node, value);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_unwrap_maybe(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *value,
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_unwrap_maybe(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *value,
         bool safety_check_on)
 {
-    IrInstructionUnwrapMaybe *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionUnwrapMaybe>(irb, source_node);
+    IrInstructionUnwrapMaybe *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionUnwrapMaybe>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->value = value;
     instruction->safety_check_on = safety_check_on;
 
@@ -1053,14 +1076,14 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_unwrap_maybe(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_unwrap_maybe_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction,
         IrInstruction *value, bool safety_check_on)
 {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_unwrap_maybe(irb, old_instruction->source_node,
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_unwrap_maybe(irb, old_instruction->scope, old_instruction->source_node,
             value, safety_check_on);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_clz(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *value) {
-    IrInstructionClz *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionClz>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_clz(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *value) {
+    IrInstructionClz *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionClz>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->value = value;
 
     ir_ref_instruction(value);
@@ -1069,13 +1092,13 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_clz(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstr
 }
 
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_clz_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction, IrInstruction *value) {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_clz(irb, old_instruction->source_node, value);
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_clz(irb, old_instruction->scope, old_instruction->source_node, value);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_ctz(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *value) {
-    IrInstructionCtz *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionCtz>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_ctz(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *value) {
+    IrInstructionCtz *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionCtz>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->value = value;
 
     ir_ref_instruction(value);
@@ -1084,15 +1107,15 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_ctz(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstr
 }
 
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_ctz_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction, IrInstruction *value) {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_ctz(irb, old_instruction->source_node, value);
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_ctz(irb, old_instruction->scope, old_instruction->source_node, value);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_switch_br(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *target_value,
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_switch_br(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *target_value,
         IrBasicBlock *else_block, size_t case_count, IrInstructionSwitchBrCase *cases, bool is_inline)
 {
-    IrInstructionSwitchBr *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionSwitchBr>(irb, source_node);
+    IrInstructionSwitchBr *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionSwitchBr>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->base.type_entry = irb->codegen->builtin_types.entry_unreachable;
     instruction->base.static_value.special = ConstValSpecialStatic;
     instruction->target_value = target_value;
@@ -1116,16 +1139,16 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_switch_br_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old
         IrInstruction *target_value, IrBasicBlock *else_block, size_t case_count,
         IrInstructionSwitchBrCase *cases, bool is_inline)
 {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_switch_br(irb, old_instruction->source_node,
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_switch_br(irb, old_instruction->scope, old_instruction->source_node,
             target_value, else_block, case_count, cases, is_inline);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_switch_target(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_switch_target(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node,
         IrInstruction *target_value_ptr)
 {
-    IrInstructionSwitchTarget *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionSwitchTarget>(irb, source_node);
+    IrInstructionSwitchTarget *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionSwitchTarget>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->target_value_ptr = target_value_ptr;
 
     ir_ref_instruction(target_value_ptr);
@@ -1133,10 +1156,10 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_switch_target(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_nod
     return &instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_switch_var(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_switch_var(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node,
         IrInstruction *target_value_ptr, IrInstruction *prong_value)
 {
-    IrInstructionSwitchVar *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionSwitchVar>(irb, source_node);
+    IrInstructionSwitchVar *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionSwitchVar>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->target_value_ptr = target_value_ptr;
     instruction->prong_value = prong_value;
 
@@ -1146,8 +1169,8 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_switch_var(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
     return &instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_enum_tag(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *value) {
-    IrInstructionEnumTag *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionEnumTag>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_enum_tag(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *value) {
+    IrInstructionEnumTag *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionEnumTag>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->value = value;
 
     ir_ref_instruction(value);
@@ -1156,13 +1179,14 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_enum_tag(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, Ir
 }
 
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_enum_tag_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction, IrInstruction *value) {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_enum_tag(irb, old_instruction->source_node, value);
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_enum_tag(irb, old_instruction->scope,
+            old_instruction->source_node, value);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_static_eval(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *value) {
-    IrInstructionStaticEval *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionStaticEval>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_static_eval(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *value) {
+    IrInstructionStaticEval *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionStaticEval>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->value = value;
 
     ir_ref_instruction(value);
@@ -1170,8 +1194,8 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_static_eval(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node,
     return &instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_import(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *name) {
-    IrInstructionImport *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionImport>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_import(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *name) {
+    IrInstructionImport *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionImport>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->name = name;
 
     ir_ref_instruction(name);
@@ -1179,8 +1203,8 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_import(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrIn
     return &instruction->base;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_array_len(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *array_value) {
-    IrInstructionArrayLen *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionArrayLen>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_array_len(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *array_value) {
+    IrInstructionArrayLen *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionArrayLen>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->array_value = array_value;
 
     ir_ref_instruction(array_value);
@@ -1191,13 +1215,14 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_array_len(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, I
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_array_len_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction,
         IrInstruction *array_value)
 {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_array_len(irb, old_instruction->source_node, array_value);
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_array_len(irb, old_instruction->scope,
+            old_instruction->source_node, array_value);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_build_ref(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *value) {
-    IrInstructionRef *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionRef>(irb, source_node);
+static IrInstruction *ir_build_ref(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *source_node, IrInstruction *value) {
+    IrInstructionRef *instruction = ir_build_instruction<IrInstructionRef>(irb, scope, source_node);
     instruction->value = value;
 
     ir_ref_instruction(value);
@@ -1206,12 +1231,12 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_build_ref(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, IrInstr
 }
 
 static IrInstruction *ir_build_ref_from(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *old_instruction, IrInstruction *value) {
-    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_ref(irb, old_instruction->source_node, value);
+    IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_ref(irb, old_instruction->scope, old_instruction->source_node, value);
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
     return new_instruction;
 }
 
-static void ir_gen_defers_for_block(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *inner_scope, Scope *outer_scope,
+static void ir_gen_defers_for_block(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *parent_scope, Scope *inner_scope, Scope *outer_scope,
         bool gen_error_defers, bool gen_maybe_defers)
 {
     while (inner_scope != outer_scope) {
@@ -1221,29 +1246,16 @@ static void ir_gen_defers_for_block(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *inner_scope, Scope *o
             (gen_maybe_defers && inner_scope->node->data.defer.kind == ReturnKindMaybe)))
         {
             AstNode *defer_expr_node = inner_scope->node->data.defer.expr;
-            ir_gen_node(irb, defer_expr_node, defer_expr_node->scope);
+            ir_gen_node(irb, defer_expr_node, parent_scope);
         }
         inner_scope = inner_scope->parent;
     }
 }
 
-static FnTableEntry *scope_fn_entry(Scope *scope) {
-    while (scope) {
-        if (scope->node->type == NodeTypeFnDef) {
-            ScopeFnBody *fn_scope = (ScopeFnBody *)scope;
-            return fn_scope->fn_entry;
-        }
-        scope = scope->parent;
-    }
-    return nullptr;
-}
-
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_return(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_return(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeReturnExpr);
 
-    Scope *scope = node->scope;
-
-    if (!scope_fn_entry(scope)) {
+    if (!exec_fn_entry(irb->exec)) {
         add_node_error(irb->codegen, node, buf_sprintf("return expression outside function definition"));
         return irb->codegen->invalid_instruction;
     }
@@ -1254,12 +1266,12 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_return(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
             {
                 IrInstruction *return_value;
                 if (expr_node) {
-                    return_value = ir_gen_node(irb, expr_node, node->scope);
+                    return_value = ir_gen_node(irb, expr_node, scope);
                 } else {
-                    return_value = ir_build_const_void(irb, node);
+                    return_value = ir_build_const_void(irb, scope, node);
                 }
 
-                return ir_build_return(irb, node, return_value);
+                return ir_build_return(irb, scope, node, return_value);
             }
         case ReturnKindError:
             zig_panic("TODO gen IR for %%return");
@@ -1275,15 +1287,15 @@ static void ir_set_cursor_at_end(IrBuilder *irb, IrBasicBlock *basic_block) {
     irb->current_basic_block = basic_block;
 }
 
-static VariableTableEntry *add_local_var(CodeGen *codegen, AstNode *node, Scope *parent_scope,
+static VariableTableEntry *create_local_var(CodeGen *codegen, AstNode *node, Scope *parent_scope,
         Buf *name, bool src_is_const, bool gen_is_const, bool is_shadowable, bool is_inline)
 {
     VariableTableEntry *variable_entry = allocate<VariableTableEntry>(1);
     variable_entry->parent_scope = parent_scope;
-    variable_entry->import = node->owner;
     variable_entry->shadowable = is_shadowable;
     variable_entry->mem_slot_index = SIZE_MAX;
     variable_entry->is_inline = is_inline;
+    variable_entry->src_arg_index = SIZE_MAX;
 
     if (name) {
         buf_init_from_buf(&variable_entry->name, name);
@@ -1302,11 +1314,11 @@ static VariableTableEntry *add_local_var(CodeGen *codegen, AstNode *node, Scope
                         buf_sprintf("variable shadows type '%s'", buf_ptr(&type->name)));
                 variable_entry->type = codegen->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
             } else {
-                AstNode *decl_node = find_decl(parent_scope, name);
-                if (decl_node && decl_node->type != NodeTypeVariableDeclaration) {
+                Tld *tld = find_decl(parent_scope, name);
+                if (tld && tld->id != TldIdVar) {
                     ErrorMsg *msg = add_node_error(codegen, node,
                             buf_sprintf("redefinition of '%s'", buf_ptr(name)));
-                    add_error_note(codegen, msg, decl_node, buf_sprintf("previous definition is here"));
+                    add_error_note(codegen, msg, tld->source_node, buf_sprintf("previous definition is here"));
                     variable_entry->type = codegen->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
                 }
             }
@@ -1333,7 +1345,7 @@ static VariableTableEntry *add_local_var(CodeGen *codegen, AstNode *node, Scope
 static VariableTableEntry *ir_create_var(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node, Scope *scope, Buf *name,
         bool src_is_const, bool gen_is_const, bool is_shadowable, bool is_inline)
 {
-    VariableTableEntry *var = add_local_var(irb->codegen, node, scope, name,
+    VariableTableEntry *var = create_local_var(irb->codegen, node, scope, name,
             src_is_const, gen_is_const, is_shadowable, is_inline);
     if (is_inline || gen_is_const)
         var->mem_slot_index = exec_next_mem_slot(irb->exec);
@@ -1341,10 +1353,9 @@ static VariableTableEntry *ir_create_var(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node, Scope *s
     return var;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_block(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *block_node) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_block(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *parent_scope, AstNode *block_node) {
     assert(block_node->type == NodeTypeBlock);
 
-    Scope *parent_scope = block_node->scope;
     Scope *outer_block_scope = create_block_scope(block_node, parent_scope);
     Scope *child_scope = outer_block_scope;
 
@@ -1353,56 +1364,57 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_block(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *block_node) {
         AstNode *statement_node = block_node->data.block.statements.at(i);
         return_value = ir_gen_node(irb, statement_node, child_scope);
         if (statement_node->type == NodeTypeDefer && return_value != irb->codegen->invalid_instruction) {
-            // defer starts a new block context
-            child_scope = statement_node->data.defer.child_block;
+            // defer starts a new scope
+            child_scope = statement_node->data.defer.child_scope;
             assert(child_scope);
         } else if (return_value->id == IrInstructionIdDeclVar) {
+            // variable declarations start a new scope
             IrInstructionDeclVar *decl_var_instruction = (IrInstructionDeclVar *)return_value;
             child_scope = decl_var_instruction->var->child_scope;
         }
     }
 
     if (!return_value)
-        return_value = ir_build_const_void(irb, block_node);
+        return_value = ir_build_const_void(irb, child_scope, block_node);
 
-    ir_gen_defers_for_block(irb, child_scope, outer_block_scope, false, false);
+    ir_gen_defers_for_block(irb, parent_scope, child_scope, outer_block_scope, false, false);
 
     return return_value;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_bin_op_id(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node, IrBinOp op_id) {
-    IrInstruction *op1 = ir_gen_node(irb, node->data.bin_op_expr.op1, node->scope);
-    IrInstruction *op2 = ir_gen_node(irb, node->data.bin_op_expr.op2, node->scope);
-    return ir_build_bin_op(irb, node, op_id, op1, op2);
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_bin_op_id(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node, IrBinOp op_id) {
+    IrInstruction *op1 = ir_gen_node(irb, node->data.bin_op_expr.op1, scope);
+    IrInstruction *op2 = ir_gen_node(irb, node->data.bin_op_expr.op2, scope);
+    return ir_build_bin_op(irb, scope, node, op_id, op1, op2);
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_assign(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
-    IrInstruction *lvalue = ir_gen_node_extra(irb, node->data.bin_op_expr.op1, node->scope, LValPurposeAssign);
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_assign(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node) {
+    IrInstruction *lvalue = ir_gen_node_extra(irb, node->data.bin_op_expr.op1, scope, LValPurposeAssign);
     if (lvalue == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
         return lvalue;
 
-    IrInstruction *rvalue = ir_gen_node(irb, node->data.bin_op_expr.op2, node->scope);
+    IrInstruction *rvalue = ir_gen_node(irb, node->data.bin_op_expr.op2, scope);
     if (rvalue == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
         return rvalue;
 
-    ir_build_store_ptr(irb, node, lvalue, rvalue);
-    return ir_build_const_void(irb, node);
+    ir_build_store_ptr(irb, scope, node, lvalue, rvalue);
+    return ir_build_const_void(irb, scope, node);
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_assign_op(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node, IrBinOp op_id) {
-    IrInstruction *lvalue = ir_gen_node_extra(irb, node->data.bin_op_expr.op1, node->scope, LValPurposeAssign);
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_assign_op(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node, IrBinOp op_id) {
+    IrInstruction *lvalue = ir_gen_node_extra(irb, node->data.bin_op_expr.op1, scope, LValPurposeAssign);
     if (lvalue == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
         return lvalue;
-    IrInstruction *op1 = ir_build_load_ptr(irb, node->data.bin_op_expr.op1, lvalue);
-    IrInstruction *op2 = ir_gen_node(irb, node->data.bin_op_expr.op2, node->scope);
+    IrInstruction *op1 = ir_build_load_ptr(irb, scope, node->data.bin_op_expr.op1, lvalue);
+    IrInstruction *op2 = ir_gen_node(irb, node->data.bin_op_expr.op2, scope);
     if (op2 == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
         return op2;
-    IrInstruction *result = ir_build_bin_op(irb, node, op_id, op1, op2);
-    ir_build_store_ptr(irb, node, lvalue, result);
-    return ir_build_const_void(irb, node);
+    IrInstruction *result = ir_build_bin_op(irb, scope, node, op_id, op1, op2);
+    ir_build_store_ptr(irb, scope, node, lvalue, result);
+    return ir_build_const_void(irb, scope, node);
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_bin_op(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_bin_op(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeBinOpExpr);
 
     BinOpType bin_op_type = node->data.bin_op_expr.bin_op;
@@ -1410,95 +1422,95 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_bin_op(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
         case BinOpTypeInvalid:
             zig_unreachable();
         case BinOpTypeAssign:
-            return ir_gen_assign(irb, node);
+            return ir_gen_assign(irb, scope, node);
         case BinOpTypeAssignTimes:
-            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, node, IrBinOpMult);
+            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpMult);
         case BinOpTypeAssignTimesWrap:
-            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, node, IrBinOpMultWrap);
+            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpMultWrap);
         case BinOpTypeAssignDiv:
-            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, node, IrBinOpDiv);
+            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpDiv);
         case BinOpTypeAssignMod:
-            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, node, IrBinOpMod);
+            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpMod);
         case BinOpTypeAssignPlus:
-            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, node, IrBinOpAdd);
+            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpAdd);
         case BinOpTypeAssignPlusWrap:
-            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, node, IrBinOpAddWrap);
+            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpAddWrap);
         case BinOpTypeAssignMinus:
-            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, node, IrBinOpSub);
+            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpSub);
         case BinOpTypeAssignMinusWrap:
-            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, node, IrBinOpSubWrap);
+            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpSubWrap);
         case BinOpTypeAssignBitShiftLeft:
-            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, node, IrBinOpBitShiftLeft);
+            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpBitShiftLeft);
         case BinOpTypeAssignBitShiftLeftWrap:
-            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, node, IrBinOpBitShiftLeftWrap);
+            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpBitShiftLeftWrap);
         case BinOpTypeAssignBitShiftRight:
-            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, node, IrBinOpBitShiftRight);
+            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpBitShiftRight);
         case BinOpTypeAssignBitAnd:
-            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, node, IrBinOpBinAnd);
+            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpBinAnd);
         case BinOpTypeAssignBitXor:
-            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, node, IrBinOpBinXor);
+            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpBinXor);
         case BinOpTypeAssignBitOr:
-            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, node, IrBinOpBinOr);
+            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpBinOr);
         case BinOpTypeAssignBoolAnd:
-            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, node, IrBinOpBoolAnd);
+            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpBoolAnd);
         case BinOpTypeAssignBoolOr:
-            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, node, IrBinOpBoolOr);
+            return ir_gen_assign_op(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpBoolOr);
         case BinOpTypeBoolOr:
         case BinOpTypeBoolAnd:
             // note: this is not a direct mapping to IrBinOpBoolOr/And
             // because of the control flow
             zig_panic("TODO gen IR for bool or/and");
         case BinOpTypeCmpEq:
-            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, node, IrBinOpCmpEq);
+            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpCmpEq);
         case BinOpTypeCmpNotEq:
-            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, node, IrBinOpCmpNotEq);
+            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpCmpNotEq);
         case BinOpTypeCmpLessThan:
-            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, node, IrBinOpCmpLessThan);
+            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpCmpLessThan);
         case BinOpTypeCmpGreaterThan:
-            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, node, IrBinOpCmpGreaterThan);
+            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpCmpGreaterThan);
         case BinOpTypeCmpLessOrEq:
-            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, node, IrBinOpCmpLessOrEq);
+            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpCmpLessOrEq);
         case BinOpTypeCmpGreaterOrEq:
-            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, node, IrBinOpCmpGreaterOrEq);
+            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpCmpGreaterOrEq);
         case BinOpTypeBinOr:
-            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, node, IrBinOpBinOr);
+            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpBinOr);
         case BinOpTypeBinXor:
-            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, node, IrBinOpBinXor);
+            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpBinXor);
         case BinOpTypeBinAnd:
-            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, node, IrBinOpBinAnd);
+            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpBinAnd);
         case BinOpTypeBitShiftLeft:
-            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, node, IrBinOpBitShiftLeft);
+            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpBitShiftLeft);
         case BinOpTypeBitShiftLeftWrap:
-            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, node, IrBinOpBitShiftLeftWrap);
+            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpBitShiftLeftWrap);
         case BinOpTypeBitShiftRight:
-            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, node, IrBinOpBitShiftRight);
+            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpBitShiftRight);
         case BinOpTypeAdd:
-            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, node, IrBinOpAdd);
+            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpAdd);
         case BinOpTypeAddWrap:
-            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, node, IrBinOpAddWrap);
+            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpAddWrap);
         case BinOpTypeSub:
-            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, node, IrBinOpSub);
+            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpSub);
         case BinOpTypeSubWrap:
-            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, node, IrBinOpSubWrap);
+            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpSubWrap);
         case BinOpTypeMult:
-            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, node, IrBinOpMult);
+            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpMult);
         case BinOpTypeMultWrap:
-            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, node, IrBinOpMultWrap);
+            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpMultWrap);
         case BinOpTypeDiv:
-            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, node, IrBinOpDiv);
+            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpDiv);
         case BinOpTypeMod:
-            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, node, IrBinOpMod);
+            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpMod);
         case BinOpTypeArrayCat:
-            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, node, IrBinOpArrayCat);
+            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpArrayCat);
         case BinOpTypeArrayMult:
-            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, node, IrBinOpArrayMult);
+            return ir_gen_bin_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrBinOpArrayMult);
         case BinOpTypeUnwrapMaybe:
             zig_panic("TODO gen IR for unwrap maybe binary operation");
     }
     zig_unreachable();
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_num_lit(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_num_lit(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeNumberLiteral);
 
     if (node->data.number_literal.overflow) {
@@ -1506,95 +1518,95 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_num_lit(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
         return irb->codegen->invalid_instruction;
     }
 
-    return ir_build_const_bignum(irb, node, node->data.number_literal.bignum);
+    return ir_build_const_bignum(irb, scope, node, node->data.number_literal.bignum);
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_null_literal(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_null_literal(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeNullLiteral);
 
-    return ir_build_const_null(irb, node);
+    return ir_build_const_null(irb, scope, node);
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_decl_ref(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, AstNode *decl_node,
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_decl_ref(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *source_node, Tld *tld,
         LValPurpose lval, Scope *scope)
 {
-    resolve_top_level_decl(irb->codegen, decl_node, lval != LValPurposeNone);
-    TopLevelDecl *tld = get_as_top_level_decl(decl_node);
+    resolve_top_level_decl(irb->codegen, tld, lval != LValPurposeNone);
     if (tld->resolution == TldResolutionInvalid)
         return irb->codegen->invalid_instruction;
 
-    if (decl_node->type == NodeTypeVariableDeclaration) {
-        VariableTableEntry *var = decl_node->data.variable_declaration.variable;
-        IrInstruction *var_ptr = ir_build_var_ptr(irb, source_node, var);
-        if (lval != LValPurposeNone)
-            return var_ptr;
-        else
-            return ir_build_load_ptr(irb, source_node, var_ptr);
-    } else if (decl_node->type == NodeTypeFnProto) {
-        FnTableEntry *fn_entry = decl_node->data.fn_proto.fn_table_entry;
-        assert(fn_entry->type_entry);
-        IrInstruction *ref_instruction;
-        if (fn_entry->type_entry->id == TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn) {
-            ref_instruction = ir_build_const_generic_fn(irb, source_node, fn_entry->type_entry);
-        } else {
-            ref_instruction = ir_build_const_fn(irb, source_node, fn_entry);
+    switch (tld->id) {
+        case TldIdVar:
+        {
+            TldVar *tld_var = (TldVar *)tld;
+            VariableTableEntry *var = tld_var->var;
+            IrInstruction *var_ptr = ir_build_var_ptr(irb, scope, source_node, var);
+            if (lval != LValPurposeNone)
+                return var_ptr;
+            else
+                return ir_build_load_ptr(irb, scope, source_node, var_ptr);
         }
-        if (lval != LValPurposeNone)
-            return ir_build_ref(irb, source_node, ref_instruction);
-        else
-            return ref_instruction;
-    } else if (decl_node->type == NodeTypeContainerDecl) {
-        IrInstruction *ref_instruction;
-        if (decl_node->data.struct_decl.generic_params.length > 0) {
-            TypeTableEntry *type_entry = decl_node->data.struct_decl.generic_fn_type;
-            assert(type_entry);
-            ref_instruction = ir_build_const_generic_fn(irb, source_node, type_entry);
-        } else {
-            ref_instruction = ir_build_const_type(irb, source_node, decl_node->data.struct_decl.type_entry);
+        case TldIdFn:
+        {
+            TldFn *tld_fn = (TldFn *)tld;
+            FnTableEntry *fn_entry = tld_fn->fn_entry;
+            assert(fn_entry->type_entry);
+            IrInstruction *ref_instruction = ir_build_const_fn(irb, scope, source_node, fn_entry);
+            if (lval != LValPurposeNone)
+                return ir_build_ref(irb, scope, source_node, ref_instruction);
+            else
+                return ref_instruction;
+        }
+        case TldIdContainer:
+        {
+            TldContainer *tld_container = (TldContainer *)tld;
+
+            IrInstruction *ref_instruction = ir_build_const_type(irb, scope, source_node, tld_container->type_entry);
+            if (lval != LValPurposeNone)
+                return ir_build_ref(irb, scope, source_node, ref_instruction);
+            else
+                return ref_instruction;
+        }
+        case TldIdTypeDef:
+        {
+            TldTypeDef *tld_typedef = (TldTypeDef *)tld;
+            TypeTableEntry *typedef_type = tld_typedef->type_entry;
+            IrInstruction *ref_instruction = ir_build_const_type(irb, scope, source_node, typedef_type);
+            if (lval != LValPurposeNone)
+                return ir_build_ref(irb, scope, source_node, ref_instruction);
+            else
+                return ref_instruction;
         }
-        if (lval != LValPurposeNone)
-            return ir_build_ref(irb, source_node, ref_instruction);
-        else
-            return ref_instruction;
-    } else if (decl_node->type == NodeTypeTypeDecl) {
-        TypeTableEntry *child_type = decl_node->data.type_decl.child_type_entry;
-        IrInstruction *ref_instruction = ir_build_const_type(irb, source_node, child_type);
-        if (lval != LValPurposeNone)
-            return ir_build_ref(irb, source_node, ref_instruction);
-        else
-            return ref_instruction;
-    } else {
-        zig_unreachable();
     }
+    zig_unreachable();
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_symbol(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node, LValPurpose lval) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_symbol(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node, LValPurpose lval) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeSymbol);
 
     Buf *variable_name = node->data.symbol_expr.symbol;
 
     auto primitive_table_entry = irb->codegen->primitive_type_table.maybe_get(variable_name);
     if (primitive_table_entry) {
-        IrInstruction *value = ir_build_const_type(irb, node, primitive_table_entry->value);
+        IrInstruction *value = ir_build_const_type(irb, scope, node, primitive_table_entry->value);
         if (lval == LValPurposeAddressOf) {
-            return ir_build_un_op(irb, node, IrUnOpAddressOf, value);
+            return ir_build_un_op(irb, scope, node, IrUnOpAddressOf, value);
         } else {
             return value;
         }
     }
 
-    VariableTableEntry *var = find_variable(irb->codegen, node->scope, variable_name);
+    VariableTableEntry *var = find_variable(irb->codegen, scope, variable_name);
     if (var) {
-        IrInstruction *var_ptr = ir_build_var_ptr(irb, node, var);
+        IrInstruction *var_ptr = ir_build_var_ptr(irb, scope, node, var);
         if (lval != LValPurposeNone)
             return var_ptr;
         else
-            return ir_build_load_ptr(irb, node, var_ptr);
+            return ir_build_load_ptr(irb, scope, node, var_ptr);
     }
 
-    AstNode *decl_node = find_decl(node->scope, variable_name);
-    if (decl_node)
-        return ir_gen_decl_ref(irb, node, decl_node, lval, node->scope);
+    Tld *tld = find_decl(scope, variable_name);
+    if (tld)
+        return ir_gen_decl_ref(irb, node, tld, lval, scope);
 
     if (node->owner->any_imports_failed) {
         // skip the error message since we had a failing import in this file
@@ -1606,47 +1618,47 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_symbol(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node, LValPurpose l
     return irb->codegen->invalid_instruction;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_array_access(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node, LValPurpose lval) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_array_access(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node, LValPurpose lval) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeArrayAccessExpr);
 
     AstNode *array_ref_node = node->data.array_access_expr.array_ref_expr;
-    IrInstruction *array_ref_instruction = ir_gen_node_extra(irb, array_ref_node, node->scope,
+    IrInstruction *array_ref_instruction = ir_gen_node_extra(irb, array_ref_node, scope,
             LValPurposeAddressOf);
     if (array_ref_instruction == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
         return array_ref_instruction;
 
     AstNode *subscript_node = node->data.array_access_expr.subscript;
-    IrInstruction *subscript_instruction = ir_gen_node(irb, subscript_node, node->scope);
+    IrInstruction *subscript_instruction = ir_gen_node(irb, subscript_node, scope);
     if (subscript_instruction == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
         return subscript_instruction;
 
-    IrInstruction *ptr_instruction = ir_build_elem_ptr(irb, node, array_ref_instruction,
+    IrInstruction *ptr_instruction = ir_build_elem_ptr(irb, scope, node, array_ref_instruction,
             subscript_instruction, true);
     if (lval != LValPurposeNone)
         return ptr_instruction;
 
-    return ir_build_load_ptr(irb, node, ptr_instruction);
+    return ir_build_load_ptr(irb, scope, node, ptr_instruction);
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_field_access(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node, LValPurpose lval) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_field_access(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node, LValPurpose lval) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeFieldAccessExpr);
 
     AstNode *container_ref_node = node->data.field_access_expr.struct_expr;
     Buf *field_name = node->data.field_access_expr.field_name;
 
-    IrInstruction *container_ref_instruction = ir_gen_node_extra(irb, container_ref_node, node->scope,
+    IrInstruction *container_ref_instruction = ir_gen_node_extra(irb, container_ref_node, scope,
             LValPurposeAddressOf);
     if (container_ref_instruction == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
         return container_ref_instruction;
 
-    IrInstruction *ptr_instruction = ir_build_field_ptr(irb, node, container_ref_instruction, field_name);
+    IrInstruction *ptr_instruction = ir_build_field_ptr(irb, scope, node, container_ref_instruction, field_name);
     if (lval != LValPurposeNone)
         return ptr_instruction;
 
-    return ir_build_load_ptr(irb, node, ptr_instruction);
+    return ir_build_load_ptr(irb, scope, node, ptr_instruction);
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_builtin_fn_call(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_builtin_fn_call(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeFnCallExpr);
 
     AstNode *fn_ref_expr = node->data.fn_call_expr.fn_ref_expr;
@@ -1675,115 +1687,115 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_builtin_fn_call(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
         case BuiltinFnIdInvalid:
             zig_unreachable();
         case BuiltinFnIdUnreachable:
-            return ir_build_unreachable(irb, node);
+            return ir_build_unreachable(irb, scope, node);
         case BuiltinFnIdTypeof:
             {
                 AstNode *arg_node = node->data.fn_call_expr.params.at(0);
-                IrInstruction *arg = ir_gen_node(irb, arg_node, node->scope);
+                IrInstruction *arg = ir_gen_node(irb, arg_node, scope);
                 if (arg == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
                     return arg;
-                return ir_build_typeof(irb, node, arg);
+                return ir_build_typeof(irb, scope, node, arg);
             }
         case BuiltinFnIdSetFnTest:
             {
                 AstNode *arg0_node = node->data.fn_call_expr.params.at(0);
-                IrInstruction *arg0_value = ir_gen_node(irb, arg0_node, node->scope);
+                IrInstruction *arg0_value = ir_gen_node(irb, arg0_node, scope);
                 if (arg0_value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
                     return arg0_value;
 
                 AstNode *arg1_node = node->data.fn_call_expr.params.at(1);
-                IrInstruction *arg1_value = ir_gen_node(irb, arg1_node, node->scope);
+                IrInstruction *arg1_value = ir_gen_node(irb, arg1_node, scope);
                 if (arg1_value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
                     return arg1_value;
 
-                return ir_build_set_fn_test(irb, node, arg0_value, arg1_value);
+                return ir_build_set_fn_test(irb, scope, node, arg0_value, arg1_value);
             }
         case BuiltinFnIdSetFnVisible:
             {
                 AstNode *arg0_node = node->data.fn_call_expr.params.at(0);
-                IrInstruction *arg0_value = ir_gen_node(irb, arg0_node, node->scope);
+                IrInstruction *arg0_value = ir_gen_node(irb, arg0_node, scope);
                 if (arg0_value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
                     return arg0_value;
 
                 AstNode *arg1_node = node->data.fn_call_expr.params.at(1);
-                IrInstruction *arg1_value = ir_gen_node(irb, arg1_node, node->scope);
+                IrInstruction *arg1_value = ir_gen_node(irb, arg1_node, scope);
                 if (arg1_value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
                     return arg1_value;
 
-                return ir_build_set_fn_visible(irb, node, arg0_value, arg1_value);
+                return ir_build_set_fn_visible(irb, scope, node, arg0_value, arg1_value);
             }
         case BuiltinFnIdSetDebugSafety:
             {
                 AstNode *arg0_node = node->data.fn_call_expr.params.at(0);
-                IrInstruction *arg0_value = ir_gen_node(irb, arg0_node, node->scope);
+                IrInstruction *arg0_value = ir_gen_node(irb, arg0_node, scope);
                 if (arg0_value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
                     return arg0_value;
 
                 AstNode *arg1_node = node->data.fn_call_expr.params.at(1);
-                IrInstruction *arg1_value = ir_gen_node(irb, arg1_node, node->scope);
+                IrInstruction *arg1_value = ir_gen_node(irb, arg1_node, scope);
                 if (arg1_value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
                     return arg1_value;
 
-                return ir_build_set_debug_safety(irb, node, arg0_value, arg1_value);
+                return ir_build_set_debug_safety(irb, scope, node, arg0_value, arg1_value);
             }
         case BuiltinFnIdCompileVar:
             {
                 AstNode *arg0_node = node->data.fn_call_expr.params.at(0);
-                IrInstruction *arg0_value = ir_gen_node(irb, arg0_node, node->scope);
+                IrInstruction *arg0_value = ir_gen_node(irb, arg0_node, scope);
                 if (arg0_value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
                     return arg0_value;
 
-                return ir_build_compile_var(irb, node, arg0_value);
+                return ir_build_compile_var(irb, scope, node, arg0_value);
             }
         case BuiltinFnIdSizeof:
             {
                 AstNode *arg0_node = node->data.fn_call_expr.params.at(0);
-                IrInstruction *arg0_value = ir_gen_node(irb, arg0_node, node->scope);
+                IrInstruction *arg0_value = ir_gen_node(irb, arg0_node, scope);
                 if (arg0_value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
                     return arg0_value;
 
-                return ir_build_size_of(irb, node, arg0_value);
+                return ir_build_size_of(irb, scope, node, arg0_value);
             }
         case BuiltinFnIdCtz:
             {
                 AstNode *arg0_node = node->data.fn_call_expr.params.at(0);
-                IrInstruction *arg0_value = ir_gen_node(irb, arg0_node, node->scope);
+                IrInstruction *arg0_value = ir_gen_node(irb, arg0_node, scope);
                 if (arg0_value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
                     return arg0_value;
 
-                return ir_build_ctz(irb, node, arg0_value);
+                return ir_build_ctz(irb, scope, node, arg0_value);
             }
         case BuiltinFnIdClz:
             {
                 AstNode *arg0_node = node->data.fn_call_expr.params.at(0);
-                IrInstruction *arg0_value = ir_gen_node(irb, arg0_node, node->scope);
+                IrInstruction *arg0_value = ir_gen_node(irb, arg0_node, scope);
                 if (arg0_value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
                     return arg0_value;
 
-                return ir_build_clz(irb, node, arg0_value);
+                return ir_build_clz(irb, scope, node, arg0_value);
             }
         case BuiltinFnIdStaticEval:
             {
                 AstNode *arg0_node = node->data.fn_call_expr.params.at(0);
-                IrInstruction *arg0_value = ir_gen_node(irb, arg0_node, node->scope);
+                IrInstruction *arg0_value = ir_gen_node(irb, arg0_node, scope);
                 if (arg0_value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
                     return arg0_value;
 
-                return ir_build_static_eval(irb, node, arg0_value);
+                return ir_build_static_eval(irb, scope, node, arg0_value);
             }
         case BuiltinFnIdImport:
             {
                 AstNode *arg0_node = node->data.fn_call_expr.params.at(0);
-                IrInstruction *arg0_value = ir_gen_node(irb, arg0_node, node->scope);
+                IrInstruction *arg0_value = ir_gen_node(irb, arg0_node, scope);
                 if (arg0_value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
                     return arg0_value;
 
-                if (scope_fn_entry(node->scope)) {
+                if (exec_fn_entry(irb->exec)) {
                     add_node_error(irb->codegen, node, buf_sprintf("import valid only at top level scope"));
                     return irb->codegen->invalid_instruction;
                 }
 
-                return ir_build_import(irb, node, arg0_value);
+                return ir_build_import(irb, scope, node, arg0_value);
             }
         case BuiltinFnIdMemcpy:
         case BuiltinFnIdMemset:
@@ -1816,14 +1828,14 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_builtin_fn_call(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
     zig_unreachable();
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_fn_call(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_fn_call(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeFnCallExpr);
 
     if (node->data.fn_call_expr.is_builtin)
-        return ir_gen_builtin_fn_call(irb, node);
+        return ir_gen_builtin_fn_call(irb, scope, node);
 
     AstNode *fn_ref_node = node->data.fn_call_expr.fn_ref_expr;
-    IrInstruction *fn_ref = ir_gen_node(irb, fn_ref_node, node->scope);
+    IrInstruction *fn_ref = ir_gen_node(irb, fn_ref_node, scope);
     if (fn_ref == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
         return fn_ref;
 
@@ -1831,16 +1843,16 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_fn_call(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
     IrInstruction **args = allocate<IrInstruction*>(arg_count);
     for (size_t i = 0; i < arg_count; i += 1) {
         AstNode *arg_node = node->data.fn_call_expr.params.at(i);
-        args[i] = ir_gen_node(irb, arg_node, node->scope);
+        args[i] = ir_gen_node(irb, arg_node, scope);
     }
 
-    return ir_build_call(irb, node, nullptr, fn_ref, arg_count, args);
+    return ir_build_call(irb, scope, node, nullptr, fn_ref, arg_count, args);
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_if_bool_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_if_bool_expr(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeIfBoolExpr);
 
-    IrInstruction *condition = ir_gen_node(irb, node->data.if_bool_expr.condition, node->scope);
+    IrInstruction *condition = ir_gen_node(irb, node->data.if_bool_expr.condition, scope);
     if (condition == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
         return condition;
 
@@ -1852,26 +1864,26 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_if_bool_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
     IrBasicBlock *endif_block = ir_build_basic_block(irb, "EndIf");
 
     bool is_inline = ir_should_inline(irb) || node->data.if_bool_expr.is_inline;
-    ir_build_cond_br(irb, condition->source_node, condition, then_block, else_block, is_inline);
+    ir_build_cond_br(irb, scope, condition->source_node, condition, then_block, else_block, is_inline);
 
     ir_set_cursor_at_end(irb, then_block);
-    IrInstruction *then_expr_result = ir_gen_node(irb, then_node, node->scope);
+    IrInstruction *then_expr_result = ir_gen_node(irb, then_node, scope);
     if (then_expr_result == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
         return then_expr_result;
     IrBasicBlock *after_then_block = irb->current_basic_block;
-    ir_build_br(irb, node, endif_block, is_inline);
+    ir_build_br(irb, scope, node, endif_block, is_inline);
 
     ir_set_cursor_at_end(irb, else_block);
     IrInstruction *else_expr_result;
     if (else_node) {
-        else_expr_result = ir_gen_node(irb, else_node, node->scope);
+        else_expr_result = ir_gen_node(irb, else_node, scope);
         if (else_expr_result == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
             return else_expr_result;
     } else {
-        else_expr_result = ir_build_const_void(irb, node);
+        else_expr_result = ir_build_const_void(irb, scope, node);
     }
     IrBasicBlock *after_else_block = irb->current_basic_block;
-    ir_build_br(irb, node, endif_block, is_inline);
+    ir_build_br(irb, scope, node, endif_block, is_inline);
 
     ir_set_cursor_at_end(irb, endif_block);
     IrInstruction **incoming_values = allocate<IrInstruction *>(2);
@@ -1881,14 +1893,14 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_if_bool_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
     incoming_blocks[0] = after_then_block;
     incoming_blocks[1] = after_else_block;
 
-    return ir_build_phi(irb, node, 2, incoming_blocks, incoming_values);
+    return ir_build_phi(irb, scope, node, 2, incoming_blocks, incoming_values);
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_prefix_op_id_lval(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node, IrUnOp op_id, LValPurpose lval) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_prefix_op_id_lval(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node, IrUnOp op_id, LValPurpose lval) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypePrefixOpExpr);
     AstNode *expr_node = node->data.prefix_op_expr.primary_expr;
 
-    IrInstruction *value = ir_gen_node_extra(irb, expr_node, node->scope, lval);
+    IrInstruction *value = ir_gen_node_extra(irb, expr_node, scope, lval);
     if (value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
         return value;
 
@@ -1896,27 +1908,27 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_prefix_op_id_lval(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node, Ir
         return value;
     }
 
-    return ir_build_un_op(irb, node, op_id, value);
+    return ir_build_un_op(irb, scope, node, op_id, value);
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_prefix_op_id(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node, IrUnOp op_id) {
-    return ir_gen_prefix_op_id_lval(irb, node, op_id, LValPurposeNone);
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_prefix_op_id(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node, IrUnOp op_id) {
+    return ir_gen_prefix_op_id_lval(irb, scope, node, op_id, LValPurposeNone);
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_prefix_op_unwrap_maybe(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node, LValPurpose lval) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_prefix_op_unwrap_maybe(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node, LValPurpose lval) {
     AstNode *expr = node->data.prefix_op_expr.primary_expr;
-    IrInstruction *value = ir_gen_node_extra(irb, expr, node->scope, LValPurposeAddressOf);
+    IrInstruction *value = ir_gen_node_extra(irb, expr, scope, LValPurposeAddressOf);
     if (value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
         return value;
 
-    IrInstruction *unwrapped_ptr = ir_build_unwrap_maybe(irb, node, value, true);
+    IrInstruction *unwrapped_ptr = ir_build_unwrap_maybe(irb, scope, node, value, true);
     if (lval == LValPurposeNone)
-        return ir_build_load_ptr(irb, node, unwrapped_ptr);
+        return ir_build_load_ptr(irb, scope, node, unwrapped_ptr);
     else
         return unwrapped_ptr;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_prefix_op_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node, LValPurpose lval) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_prefix_op_expr(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node, LValPurpose lval) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypePrefixOpExpr);
 
     PrefixOp prefix_op = node->data.prefix_op_expr.prefix_op;
@@ -1925,38 +1937,38 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_prefix_op_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node, LValP
         case PrefixOpInvalid:
             zig_unreachable();
         case PrefixOpBoolNot:
-            return ir_gen_prefix_op_id(irb, node, IrUnOpBoolNot);
+            return ir_gen_prefix_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrUnOpBoolNot);
         case PrefixOpBinNot:
-            return ir_gen_prefix_op_id(irb, node, IrUnOpBinNot);
+            return ir_gen_prefix_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrUnOpBinNot);
         case PrefixOpNegation:
-            return ir_gen_prefix_op_id(irb, node, IrUnOpNegation);
+            return ir_gen_prefix_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrUnOpNegation);
         case PrefixOpNegationWrap:
-            return ir_gen_prefix_op_id(irb, node, IrUnOpNegationWrap);
+            return ir_gen_prefix_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrUnOpNegationWrap);
         case PrefixOpAddressOf:
-            return ir_gen_prefix_op_id_lval(irb, node, IrUnOpAddressOf, LValPurposeAddressOf);
+            return ir_gen_prefix_op_id_lval(irb, scope, node, IrUnOpAddressOf, LValPurposeAddressOf);
         case PrefixOpConstAddressOf:
-            return ir_gen_prefix_op_id_lval(irb, node, IrUnOpConstAddressOf, LValPurposeAddressOf);
+            return ir_gen_prefix_op_id_lval(irb, scope, node, IrUnOpConstAddressOf, LValPurposeAddressOf);
         case PrefixOpDereference:
-            return ir_gen_prefix_op_id_lval(irb, node, IrUnOpDereference, lval);
+            return ir_gen_prefix_op_id_lval(irb, scope, node, IrUnOpDereference, lval);
         case PrefixOpMaybe:
-            return ir_gen_prefix_op_id(irb, node, IrUnOpMaybe);
+            return ir_gen_prefix_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrUnOpMaybe);
         case PrefixOpError:
-            return ir_gen_prefix_op_id(irb, node, IrUnOpError);
+            return ir_gen_prefix_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrUnOpError);
         case PrefixOpUnwrapError:
-            return ir_gen_prefix_op_id(irb, node, IrUnOpUnwrapError);
+            return ir_gen_prefix_op_id(irb, scope, node, IrUnOpUnwrapError);
         case PrefixOpUnwrapMaybe:
-            return ir_gen_prefix_op_unwrap_maybe(irb, node, lval);
+            return ir_gen_prefix_op_unwrap_maybe(irb, scope, node, lval);
     }
     zig_unreachable();
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_container_init_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_container_init_expr(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeContainerInitExpr);
 
     AstNodeContainerInitExpr *container_init_expr = &node->data.container_init_expr;
     ContainerInitKind kind = container_init_expr->kind;
 
-    IrInstruction *container_type = ir_gen_node(irb, container_init_expr->type, node->scope);
+    IrInstruction *container_type = ir_gen_node(irb, container_init_expr->type, scope);
     if (container_type == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
         return container_type;
 
@@ -1969,7 +1981,7 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_container_init_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node)
 
             Buf *name = entry_node->data.struct_val_field.name;
             AstNode *expr_node = entry_node->data.struct_val_field.expr;
-            IrInstruction *expr_value = ir_gen_node(irb, expr_node, node->scope);
+            IrInstruction *expr_value = ir_gen_node(irb, expr_node, scope);
             if (expr_value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
                 return expr_value;
 
@@ -1977,39 +1989,39 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_container_init_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node)
             fields[i].value = expr_value;
             fields[i].source_node = entry_node;
         }
-        return ir_build_container_init_fields(irb, node, container_type, field_count, fields);
+        return ir_build_container_init_fields(irb, scope, node, container_type, field_count, fields);
     } else if (kind == ContainerInitKindArray) {
         size_t item_count = container_init_expr->entries.length;
         IrInstruction **values = allocate<IrInstruction *>(item_count);
         for (size_t i = 0; i < item_count; i += 1) {
             AstNode *expr_node = container_init_expr->entries.at(i);
-            IrInstruction *expr_value = ir_gen_node(irb, expr_node, node->scope);
+            IrInstruction *expr_value = ir_gen_node(irb, expr_node, scope);
             if (expr_value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
                 return expr_value;
 
             values[i] = expr_value;
         }
-        return ir_build_container_init_list(irb, node, container_type, item_count, values);
+        return ir_build_container_init_list(irb, scope, node, container_type, item_count, values);
     } else {
         zig_unreachable();
     }
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_var_decl(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_var_decl(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeVariableDeclaration);
 
     AstNodeVariableDeclaration *variable_declaration = &node->data.variable_declaration;
 
     IrInstruction *type_instruction;
     if (variable_declaration->type != nullptr) {
-        type_instruction = ir_gen_node(irb, variable_declaration->type, node->scope);
+        type_instruction = ir_gen_node(irb, variable_declaration->type, scope);
         if (type_instruction == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
             return type_instruction;
     } else {
         type_instruction = nullptr;
     }
 
-    IrInstruction *init_value = ir_gen_node(irb, variable_declaration->expr, node->scope);
+    IrInstruction *init_value = ir_gen_node(irb, variable_declaration->expr, scope);
     if (init_value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
         return init_value;
 
@@ -2017,7 +2029,7 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_var_decl(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
     bool is_const = variable_declaration->is_const;
     bool is_extern = variable_declaration->is_extern;
     bool is_inline = ir_should_inline(irb) || variable_declaration->is_inline;
-    VariableTableEntry *var = ir_create_var(irb, node, node->scope,
+    VariableTableEntry *var = ir_create_var(irb, node, scope,
             variable_declaration->symbol, is_const, is_const, is_shadowable, is_inline);
     // we detect IrInstructionIdDeclVar in gen_block to make sure the next node
     // is inside var->child_scope
@@ -2028,10 +2040,10 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_var_decl(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
         return irb->codegen->invalid_instruction;
     }
 
-    return ir_build_var_decl(irb, node, var, type_instruction, init_value);
+    return ir_build_var_decl(irb, scope, node, var, type_instruction, init_value);
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_while_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_while_expr(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeWhileExpr);
 
     AstNode *continue_expr_node = node->data.while_expr.continue_expr;
@@ -2043,37 +2055,35 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_while_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
     IrBasicBlock *end_block = ir_build_basic_block(irb, "WhileEnd");
 
     bool is_inline = ir_should_inline(irb) || node->data.while_expr.is_inline;
-    ir_build_br(irb, node, cond_block, is_inline);
+    ir_build_br(irb, scope, node, cond_block, is_inline);
 
     if (continue_expr_node) {
         ir_set_cursor_at_end(irb, continue_block);
-        ir_gen_node(irb, continue_expr_node, node->scope);
-        ir_build_br(irb, node, cond_block, is_inline);
+        ir_gen_node(irb, continue_expr_node, scope);
+        ir_build_br(irb, scope, node, cond_block, is_inline);
     }
 
     ir_set_cursor_at_end(irb, cond_block);
-    IrInstruction *cond_val = ir_gen_node(irb, node->data.while_expr.condition, node->scope);
-    ir_build_cond_br(irb, node->data.while_expr.condition, cond_val, body_block, end_block, is_inline);
+    IrInstruction *cond_val = ir_gen_node(irb, node->data.while_expr.condition, scope);
+    ir_build_cond_br(irb, scope, node->data.while_expr.condition, cond_val, body_block, end_block, is_inline);
 
     ir_set_cursor_at_end(irb, body_block);
 
     irb->break_block_stack.append(end_block);
     irb->continue_block_stack.append(continue_block);
-    ir_gen_node(irb, node->data.while_expr.body, node->scope);
+    ir_gen_node(irb, node->data.while_expr.body, scope);
     irb->break_block_stack.pop();
     irb->continue_block_stack.pop();
 
-    ir_build_br(irb, node, continue_block, is_inline);
+    ir_build_br(irb, scope, node, continue_block, is_inline);
     ir_set_cursor_at_end(irb, end_block);
 
-    return ir_build_const_void(irb, node);
+    return ir_build_const_void(irb, scope, node);
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_for_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_for_expr(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *parent_scope, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeForExpr);
 
-    Scope *parent_scope = node->scope;
-
     AstNode *array_node = node->data.for_expr.array_expr;
     AstNode *elem_node = node->data.for_expr.elem_node;
     AstNode *index_node = node->data.for_expr.index_node;
@@ -2089,48 +2099,45 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_for_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
     if (array_val == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
         return array_val;
 
-    IrInstruction *array_type = ir_build_typeof(irb, array_node, array_val);
-    IrInstruction *pointer_type = ir_build_to_ptr_type(irb, array_node, array_type);
+    IrInstruction *array_type = ir_build_typeof(irb, parent_scope, array_node, array_val);
+    IrInstruction *pointer_type = ir_build_to_ptr_type(irb, parent_scope, array_node, array_type);
     IrInstruction *elem_var_type;
     if (node->data.for_expr.elem_is_ptr) {
         elem_var_type = pointer_type;
     } else {
-        elem_var_type = ir_build_ptr_type_child(irb, elem_node, pointer_type);
+        elem_var_type = ir_build_ptr_type_child(irb, parent_scope, elem_node, pointer_type);
     }
     bool is_inline = ir_should_inline(irb) || node->data.for_expr.is_inline;
 
     Scope *child_scope = create_loop_scope(node, parent_scope);
-    elem_node->scope = child_scope;
 
     // TODO make it an error to write to element variable or i variable.
     Buf *elem_var_name = elem_node->data.symbol_expr.symbol;
-    node->data.for_expr.elem_var = ir_create_var(irb, elem_node, child_scope, elem_var_name,
+    VariableTableEntry *elem_var = ir_create_var(irb, elem_node, child_scope, elem_var_name,
             true, false, false, is_inline);
-    child_scope = node->data.for_expr.elem_var->child_scope;
+    child_scope = elem_var->child_scope;
 
-    IrInstruction *undefined_value = ir_build_const_undefined(irb, elem_node);
-    ir_build_var_decl(irb, elem_node, node->data.for_expr.elem_var, elem_var_type, undefined_value); 
-    IrInstruction *elem_var_ptr = ir_build_var_ptr(irb, node, node->data.for_expr.elem_var);
+    IrInstruction *undefined_value = ir_build_const_undefined(irb, child_scope, elem_node);
+    ir_build_var_decl(irb, child_scope, elem_node, elem_var, elem_var_type, undefined_value); 
+    IrInstruction *elem_var_ptr = ir_build_var_ptr(irb, child_scope, node, elem_var);
 
     AstNode *index_var_source_node;
+    VariableTableEntry *index_var;
     if (index_node) {
         index_var_source_node = index_node;
         Buf *index_var_name = index_node->data.symbol_expr.symbol;
-        index_node->scope = child_scope;
-        node->data.for_expr.index_var = ir_create_var(irb, index_node, child_scope, index_var_name,
-                true, false, false, is_inline);
+        index_var = ir_create_var(irb, index_node, child_scope, index_var_name, true, false, false, is_inline);
     } else {
         index_var_source_node = node;
-        node->data.for_expr.index_var = ir_create_var(irb, node, child_scope, nullptr,
-                true, false, true, is_inline);
+        index_var = ir_create_var(irb, node, child_scope, nullptr, true, false, true, is_inline);
     }
-    child_scope = node->data.for_expr.index_var->child_scope;
+    child_scope = index_var->child_scope;
 
-    IrInstruction *usize = ir_build_const_type(irb, node, irb->codegen->builtin_types.entry_usize);
-    IrInstruction *zero = ir_build_const_usize(irb, node, 0);
-    IrInstruction *one = ir_build_const_usize(irb, node, 1);
-    ir_build_var_decl(irb, index_var_source_node, node->data.for_expr.index_var, usize, zero); 
-    IrInstruction *index_ptr = ir_build_var_ptr(irb, node, node->data.for_expr.index_var);
+    IrInstruction *usize = ir_build_const_type(irb, child_scope, node, irb->codegen->builtin_types.entry_usize);
+    IrInstruction *zero = ir_build_const_usize(irb, child_scope, node, 0);
+    IrInstruction *one = ir_build_const_usize(irb, child_scope, node, 1);
+    ir_build_var_decl(irb, child_scope, index_var_source_node, index_var, usize, zero); 
+    IrInstruction *index_ptr = ir_build_var_ptr(irb, child_scope, node, index_var);
 
 
     IrBasicBlock *cond_block = ir_build_basic_block(irb, "ForCond");
@@ -2138,23 +2145,23 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_for_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
     IrBasicBlock *end_block = ir_build_basic_block(irb, "ForEnd");
     IrBasicBlock *continue_block = ir_build_basic_block(irb, "ForContinue");
 
-    IrInstruction *len_val = ir_build_array_len(irb, node, array_val);
-    ir_build_br(irb, node, cond_block, is_inline);
+    IrInstruction *len_val = ir_build_array_len(irb, child_scope, node, array_val);
+    ir_build_br(irb, child_scope, node, cond_block, is_inline);
 
     ir_set_cursor_at_end(irb, cond_block);
-    IrInstruction *index_val = ir_build_load_ptr(irb, node, index_ptr);
-    IrInstruction *cond = ir_build_bin_op(irb, node, IrBinOpCmpLessThan, index_val, len_val);
-    ir_build_cond_br(irb, node, cond, body_block, end_block, is_inline);
+    IrInstruction *index_val = ir_build_load_ptr(irb, child_scope, node, index_ptr);
+    IrInstruction *cond = ir_build_bin_op(irb, child_scope, node, IrBinOpCmpLessThan, index_val, len_val);
+    ir_build_cond_br(irb, child_scope, node, cond, body_block, end_block, is_inline);
 
     ir_set_cursor_at_end(irb, body_block);
-    IrInstruction *elem_ptr = ir_build_elem_ptr(irb, node, array_val, index_val, true);
+    IrInstruction *elem_ptr = ir_build_elem_ptr(irb, child_scope, node, array_val, index_val, true);
     IrInstruction *elem_val;
     if (node->data.for_expr.elem_is_ptr) {
         elem_val = elem_ptr;
     } else {
-        elem_val = ir_build_load_ptr(irb, node, elem_ptr);
+        elem_val = ir_build_load_ptr(irb, child_scope, node, elem_ptr);
     }
-    ir_build_store_ptr(irb, node, elem_var_ptr, elem_val);
+    ir_build_store_ptr(irb, child_scope, node, elem_var_ptr, elem_val);
 
     irb->break_block_stack.append(end_block);
     irb->continue_block_stack.append(continue_block);
@@ -2162,61 +2169,60 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_for_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
     irb->break_block_stack.pop();
     irb->continue_block_stack.pop();
 
-    ir_build_br(irb, node, continue_block, is_inline);
+    ir_build_br(irb, child_scope, node, continue_block, is_inline);
 
     ir_set_cursor_at_end(irb, continue_block);
-    IrInstruction *new_index_val = ir_build_bin_op(irb, node, IrBinOpAdd, index_val, one);
-    ir_build_store_ptr(irb, node, index_ptr, new_index_val);
-    ir_build_br(irb, node, cond_block, is_inline);
+    IrInstruction *new_index_val = ir_build_bin_op(irb, child_scope, node, IrBinOpAdd, index_val, one);
+    ir_build_store_ptr(irb, child_scope, node, index_ptr, new_index_val);
+    ir_build_br(irb, child_scope, node, cond_block, is_inline);
 
     ir_set_cursor_at_end(irb, end_block);
-    return ir_build_const_void(irb, node);
+    return ir_build_const_void(irb, child_scope, node);
 
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_this_literal(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_this_literal(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeThisLiteral);
 
-    Scope *scope = node->scope;
-
     if (!scope->parent)
-        return ir_build_const_import(irb, node, node->owner);
+        return ir_build_const_import(irb, scope, node, node->owner);
 
-    FnTableEntry *fn_entry = scope_fn_entry(scope);
+    FnTableEntry *fn_entry = exec_fn_entry(irb->exec);
     if (fn_entry && scope->parent && scope->parent->parent &&
         !scope_fn_entry(scope->parent->parent))
     {
-        return ir_build_const_fn(irb, node, fn_entry);
+        return ir_build_const_fn(irb, scope, node, fn_entry);
     }
 
     if (scope->node->type == NodeTypeContainerDecl) {
-        TypeTableEntry *container_type = scope->node->data.struct_decl.type_entry;
+        ScopeDecls *decls_scope = (ScopeDecls *)scope;
+        TypeTableEntry *container_type = decls_scope->container_type;
         assert(container_type);
-        return ir_build_const_type(irb, node, container_type);
+        return ir_build_const_type(irb, scope, node, container_type);
     }
 
     if (scope->node->type == NodeTypeBlock)
-        return ir_build_const_scope(irb, node, scope);
+        return ir_build_const_scope(irb, scope, node, scope);
 
     zig_unreachable();
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_bool_literal(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_bool_literal(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeBoolLiteral);
-    return ir_build_const_bool(irb, node, node->data.bool_literal.value);
+    return ir_build_const_bool(irb, scope, node, node->data.bool_literal.value);
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_string_literal(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_string_literal(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeStringLiteral);
 
     if (node->data.string_literal.c) {
-        return ir_build_const_c_str_lit(irb, node, node->data.string_literal.buf);
+        return ir_build_const_c_str_lit(irb, scope, node, node->data.string_literal.buf);
     } else {
-        return ir_build_const_str_lit(irb, node, node->data.string_literal.buf);
+        return ir_build_const_str_lit(irb, scope, node, node->data.string_literal.buf);
     }
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_array_type(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_array_type(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeArrayType);
 
     AstNode *size_node = node->data.array_type.size;
@@ -2229,35 +2235,36 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_array_type(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
             return irb->codegen->invalid_instruction;
         }
 
-        IrInstruction *size_value = ir_gen_node(irb, size_node, node->scope);
+        IrInstruction *size_value = ir_gen_node(irb, size_node, scope);
         if (size_value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
             return size_value;
 
-        IrInstruction *child_type = ir_gen_node(irb, child_type_node, node->scope);
+        IrInstruction *child_type = ir_gen_node(irb, child_type_node, scope);
         if (child_type == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
             return child_type;
 
-        return ir_build_array_type(irb, node, size_value, child_type);
+        return ir_build_array_type(irb, scope, node, size_value, child_type);
     } else {
         IrInstruction *child_type = ir_gen_node_extra(irb, child_type_node,
-                node->scope, LValPurposeAddressOf);
+                scope, LValPurposeAddressOf);
         if (child_type == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
             return child_type;
 
-        return ir_build_slice_type(irb, node, is_const, child_type);
+        return ir_build_slice_type(irb, scope, node, is_const, child_type);
     }
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_undefined_literal(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_undefined_literal(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeUndefinedLiteral);
-    return ir_build_const_undefined(irb, node);
+    return ir_build_const_undefined(irb, scope, node);
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_asm_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_asm_expr(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeAsmExpr);
 
     IrInstruction **input_list = allocate<IrInstruction *>(node->data.asm_expr.input_list.length);
     IrInstruction **output_types = allocate<IrInstruction *>(node->data.asm_expr.output_list.length);
+    VariableTableEntry **output_vars = allocate<VariableTableEntry *>(node->data.asm_expr.output_list.length);
     size_t return_count = 0;
     bool is_volatile = node->data.asm_expr.is_volatile;
     if (!is_volatile && node->data.asm_expr.output_list.length == 0) {
@@ -2270,7 +2277,7 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_asm_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
         if (asm_output->return_type) {
             return_count += 1;
 
-            IrInstruction *return_type = ir_gen_node(irb, asm_output->return_type, node->scope);
+            IrInstruction *return_type = ir_gen_node(irb, asm_output->return_type, scope);
             if (return_type == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
                 return irb->codegen->invalid_instruction;
             if (return_count > 1) {
@@ -2281,9 +2288,9 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_asm_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
             output_types[i] = return_type;
         } else {
             Buf *variable_name = asm_output->variable_name;
-            VariableTableEntry *var = find_variable(irb->codegen, node->scope, variable_name);
+            VariableTableEntry *var = find_variable(irb->codegen, scope, variable_name);
             if (var) {
-                asm_output->variable = var;
+                output_vars[i] = var;
             } else {
                 add_node_error(irb->codegen, node,
                         buf_sprintf("use of undeclared identifier '%s'", buf_ptr(variable_name)));
@@ -2293,17 +2300,17 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_asm_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
     }
     for (size_t i = 0; i < node->data.asm_expr.input_list.length; i += 1) {
         AsmInput *asm_input = node->data.asm_expr.input_list.at(i);
-        IrInstruction *input_value = ir_gen_node(irb, asm_input->expr, node->scope);
+        IrInstruction *input_value = ir_gen_node(irb, asm_input->expr, scope);
         if (input_value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
             return irb->codegen->invalid_instruction;
 
         input_list[i] = input_value;
     }
 
-    return ir_build_asm(irb, node, input_list, output_types, return_count, is_volatile);
+    return ir_build_asm(irb, scope, node, input_list, output_types, output_vars, return_count, is_volatile);
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_if_var_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_if_var_expr(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeIfVarExpr);
 
     AstNodeVariableDeclaration *var_decl = &node->data.if_var_expr.var_decl;
@@ -2312,51 +2319,51 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_if_var_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
     AstNode *else_node = node->data.if_var_expr.else_node;
     bool var_is_ptr = node->data.if_var_expr.var_is_ptr;
 
-    IrInstruction *expr_value = ir_gen_node_extra(irb, expr_node, node->scope, LValPurposeAddressOf);
+    IrInstruction *expr_value = ir_gen_node_extra(irb, expr_node, scope, LValPurposeAddressOf);
     if (expr_value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
         return expr_value;
 
-    IrInstruction *is_nonnull_value = ir_build_test_null(irb, node, expr_value);
+    IrInstruction *is_nonnull_value = ir_build_test_null(irb, scope, node, expr_value);
 
     IrBasicBlock *then_block = ir_build_basic_block(irb, "MaybeThen");
     IrBasicBlock *else_block = ir_build_basic_block(irb, "MaybeElse");
     IrBasicBlock *endif_block = ir_build_basic_block(irb, "MaybeEndIf");
 
     bool is_inline = ir_should_inline(irb) || node->data.if_var_expr.is_inline;
-    ir_build_cond_br(irb, node, is_nonnull_value, then_block, else_block, is_inline);
+    ir_build_cond_br(irb, scope, node, is_nonnull_value, then_block, else_block, is_inline);
 
     ir_set_cursor_at_end(irb, then_block);
     IrInstruction *var_type = nullptr;
     if (var_decl->type) {
-        var_type = ir_gen_node(irb, var_decl->type, node->scope);
+        var_type = ir_gen_node(irb, var_decl->type, scope);
         if (var_type == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
             return irb->codegen->invalid_instruction;
     }
     bool is_shadowable = false;
     bool is_const = var_decl->is_const;
-    VariableTableEntry *var = ir_create_var(irb, node, node->scope,
+    VariableTableEntry *var = ir_create_var(irb, node, scope,
             var_decl->symbol, is_const, is_const, is_shadowable, is_inline);
 
-    IrInstruction *var_ptr_value = ir_build_unwrap_maybe(irb, node, expr_value, false);
-    IrInstruction *var_value = var_is_ptr ? var_ptr_value : ir_build_load_ptr(irb, node, var_ptr_value);
-    ir_build_var_decl(irb, node, var, var_type, var_value); 
+    IrInstruction *var_ptr_value = ir_build_unwrap_maybe(irb, scope, node, expr_value, false);
+    IrInstruction *var_value = var_is_ptr ? var_ptr_value : ir_build_load_ptr(irb, scope, node, var_ptr_value);
+    ir_build_var_decl(irb, scope, node, var, var_type, var_value); 
     IrInstruction *then_expr_result = ir_gen_node(irb, then_node, var->child_scope);
     if (then_expr_result == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
         return then_expr_result;
     IrBasicBlock *after_then_block = irb->current_basic_block;
-    ir_build_br(irb, node, endif_block, is_inline);
+    ir_build_br(irb, scope, node, endif_block, is_inline);
 
     ir_set_cursor_at_end(irb, else_block);
     IrInstruction *else_expr_result;
     if (else_node) {
-        else_expr_result = ir_gen_node(irb, else_node, node->scope);
+        else_expr_result = ir_gen_node(irb, else_node, scope);
         if (else_expr_result == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
             return else_expr_result;
     } else {
-        else_expr_result = ir_build_const_void(irb, node);
+        else_expr_result = ir_build_const_void(irb, scope, node);
     }
     IrBasicBlock *after_else_block = irb->current_basic_block;
-    ir_build_br(irb, node, endif_block, is_inline);
+    ir_build_br(irb, scope, node, endif_block, is_inline);
 
     ir_set_cursor_at_end(irb, endif_block);
     IrInstruction **incoming_values = allocate<IrInstruction *>(2);
@@ -2366,10 +2373,10 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_if_var_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
     incoming_blocks[0] = after_then_block;
     incoming_blocks[1] = after_else_block;
 
-    return ir_build_phi(irb, node, 2, incoming_blocks, incoming_values);
+    return ir_build_phi(irb, scope, node, 2, incoming_blocks, incoming_values);
 }
 
-static bool ir_gen_switch_prong_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *switch_node, AstNode *prong_node,
+static bool ir_gen_switch_prong_expr(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *switch_node, AstNode *prong_node,
         IrBasicBlock *end_block, bool is_inline, IrInstruction *target_value_ptr, IrInstruction *prong_value,
         ZigList<IrBasicBlock *> *incoming_blocks, ZigList<IrInstruction *> *incoming_values)
 {
@@ -2386,39 +2393,39 @@ static bool ir_gen_switch_prong_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *switch_node, AstNo
 
         bool is_shadowable = false;
         bool is_const = true;
-        VariableTableEntry *var = ir_create_var(irb, var_symbol_node, switch_node->scope,
+        VariableTableEntry *var = ir_create_var(irb, var_symbol_node, scope,
                 var_name, is_const, is_const, is_shadowable, is_inline);
         child_scope = var->child_scope;
         IrInstruction *var_value;
         if (prong_value) {
-            IrInstruction *var_ptr_value = ir_build_switch_var(irb, var_symbol_node, target_value_ptr, prong_value);
-            var_value = var_is_ptr ? var_ptr_value : ir_build_load_ptr(irb, var_symbol_node, var_ptr_value);
+            IrInstruction *var_ptr_value = ir_build_switch_var(irb, scope, var_symbol_node, target_value_ptr, prong_value);
+            var_value = var_is_ptr ? var_ptr_value : ir_build_load_ptr(irb, scope, var_symbol_node, var_ptr_value);
         } else {
-            var_value = var_is_ptr ? target_value_ptr : ir_build_load_ptr(irb, var_symbol_node, target_value_ptr);
+            var_value = var_is_ptr ? target_value_ptr : ir_build_load_ptr(irb, scope, var_symbol_node, target_value_ptr);
         }
         IrInstruction *var_type = nullptr; // infer the type
-        ir_build_var_decl(irb, var_symbol_node, var, var_type, var_value); 
+        ir_build_var_decl(irb, scope, var_symbol_node, var, var_type, var_value); 
     } else {
-        child_scope = switch_node->scope;
+        child_scope = scope;
     }
 
     IrInstruction *expr_result = ir_gen_node(irb, expr_node, child_scope);
     if (expr_result == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
         return false;
-    ir_build_br(irb, switch_node, end_block, is_inline);
+    ir_build_br(irb, scope, switch_node, end_block, is_inline);
     incoming_blocks->append(irb->current_basic_block);
     incoming_values->append(expr_result);
     return true;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_switch_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_switch_expr(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeSwitchExpr);
 
     AstNode *target_node = node->data.switch_expr.expr;
-    IrInstruction *target_value_ptr = ir_gen_node_extra(irb, target_node, node->scope, LValPurposeAddressOf);
+    IrInstruction *target_value_ptr = ir_gen_node_extra(irb, target_node, scope, LValPurposeAddressOf);
     if (target_value_ptr == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
         return target_value_ptr;
-    IrInstruction *target_value = ir_build_switch_target(irb, node, target_value_ptr);
+    IrInstruction *target_value = ir_build_switch_target(irb, scope, node, target_value_ptr);
 
     IrBasicBlock *else_block = ir_build_basic_block(irb, "SwitchElse");
     IrBasicBlock *end_block = ir_build_basic_block(irb, "SwitchEnd");
@@ -2446,7 +2453,7 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_switch_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
 
             IrBasicBlock *prev_block = irb->current_basic_block;
             ir_set_cursor_at_end(irb, else_block);
-            if (!ir_gen_switch_prong_expr(irb, node, prong_node, end_block,
+            if (!ir_gen_switch_prong_expr(irb, scope, node, prong_node, end_block,
                 is_inline, target_value_ptr, nullptr, &incoming_blocks, &incoming_values))
             {
                 return irb->codegen->invalid_instruction;
@@ -2460,41 +2467,40 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_switch_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
                     AstNode *item_node = prong_node->data.switch_prong.items.at(item_i);
                     last_item_node = item_node;
                     if (item_node->type == NodeTypeSwitchRange) {
-                        item_node->scope = node->scope;
                         AstNode *start_node = item_node->data.switch_range.start;
                         AstNode *end_node = item_node->data.switch_range.end;
 
-                        IrInstruction *start_value = ir_gen_node(irb, start_node, node->scope);
+                        IrInstruction *start_value = ir_gen_node(irb, start_node, scope);
                         if (start_value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
                             return irb->codegen->invalid_instruction;
 
-                        IrInstruction *end_value = ir_gen_node(irb, end_node, node->scope);
+                        IrInstruction *end_value = ir_gen_node(irb, end_node, scope);
                         if (end_value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
                             return irb->codegen->invalid_instruction;
 
-                        IrInstruction *start_value_const = ir_build_static_eval(irb, start_node, start_value);
-                        IrInstruction *end_value_const = ir_build_static_eval(irb, start_node, end_value);
+                        IrInstruction *start_value_const = ir_build_static_eval(irb, scope, start_node, start_value);
+                        IrInstruction *end_value_const = ir_build_static_eval(irb, scope, start_node, end_value);
 
-                        IrInstruction *lower_range_ok = ir_build_bin_op(irb, item_node, IrBinOpCmpGreaterOrEq,
+                        IrInstruction *lower_range_ok = ir_build_bin_op(irb, scope, item_node, IrBinOpCmpGreaterOrEq,
                                 target_value, start_value_const);
-                        IrInstruction *upper_range_ok = ir_build_bin_op(irb, item_node, IrBinOpCmpLessOrEq,
+                        IrInstruction *upper_range_ok = ir_build_bin_op(irb, scope, item_node, IrBinOpCmpLessOrEq,
                                 target_value, end_value_const);
-                        IrInstruction *both_ok = ir_build_bin_op(irb, item_node, IrBinOpBoolAnd,
+                        IrInstruction *both_ok = ir_build_bin_op(irb, scope, item_node, IrBinOpBoolAnd,
                                 lower_range_ok, upper_range_ok);
                         if (ok_bit) {
-                            ok_bit = ir_build_bin_op(irb, item_node, IrBinOpBoolOr, both_ok, ok_bit);
+                            ok_bit = ir_build_bin_op(irb, scope, item_node, IrBinOpBoolOr, both_ok, ok_bit);
                         } else {
                             ok_bit = both_ok;
                         }
                     } else {
-                        IrInstruction *item_value = ir_gen_node(irb, item_node, node->scope);
+                        IrInstruction *item_value = ir_gen_node(irb, item_node, scope);
                         if (item_value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
                             return irb->codegen->invalid_instruction;
 
-                        IrInstruction *cmp_ok = ir_build_bin_op(irb, item_node, IrBinOpCmpEq,
+                        IrInstruction *cmp_ok = ir_build_bin_op(irb, scope, item_node, IrBinOpCmpEq,
                                 item_value, target_value);
                         if (ok_bit) {
-                            ok_bit = ir_build_bin_op(irb, item_node, IrBinOpBoolOr, cmp_ok, ok_bit);
+                            ok_bit = ir_build_bin_op(irb, scope, item_node, IrBinOpBoolOr, cmp_ok, ok_bit);
                         } else {
                             ok_bit = cmp_ok;
                         }
@@ -2506,10 +2512,10 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_switch_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
 
                 assert(ok_bit);
                 assert(last_item_node);
-                ir_build_cond_br(irb, last_item_node, ok_bit, range_block_yes, range_block_no, is_inline);
+                ir_build_cond_br(irb, scope, last_item_node, ok_bit, range_block_yes, range_block_no, is_inline);
 
                 ir_set_cursor_at_end(irb, range_block_yes);
-                if (!ir_gen_switch_prong_expr(irb, node, prong_node, end_block,
+                if (!ir_gen_switch_prong_expr(irb, scope, node, prong_node, end_block,
                     is_inline, target_value_ptr, nullptr, &incoming_blocks, &incoming_values))
                 {
                     return irb->codegen->invalid_instruction;
@@ -2524,7 +2530,7 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_switch_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
                     AstNode *item_node = prong_node->data.switch_prong.items.at(item_i);
                     assert(item_node->type != NodeTypeSwitchRange);
 
-                    IrInstruction *item_value = ir_gen_node(irb, item_node, node->scope);
+                    IrInstruction *item_value = ir_gen_node(irb, item_node, scope);
                     if (item_value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
                         return irb->codegen->invalid_instruction;
 
@@ -2538,7 +2544,7 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_switch_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
 
                 IrBasicBlock *prev_block = irb->current_basic_block;
                 ir_set_cursor_at_end(irb, prong_block);
-                if (!ir_gen_switch_prong_expr(irb, node, prong_node, end_block,
+                if (!ir_gen_switch_prong_expr(irb, scope, node, prong_node, end_block,
                     is_inline, target_value_ptr, only_item_value, &incoming_blocks, &incoming_values))
                 {
                     return irb->codegen->invalid_instruction;
@@ -2551,19 +2557,19 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_switch_expr(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
     }
 
     if (cases.length == 0) {
-        ir_build_br(irb, node, else_block, is_inline);
+        ir_build_br(irb, scope, node, else_block, is_inline);
     } else {
-        ir_build_switch_br(irb, node, target_value, else_block, cases.length, cases.items, is_inline);
+        ir_build_switch_br(irb, scope, node, target_value, else_block, cases.length, cases.items, is_inline);
     }
 
     if (!else_prong) {
         ir_set_cursor_at_end(irb, else_block);
-        ir_build_unreachable(irb, node);
+        ir_build_unreachable(irb, scope, node);
     }
 
     ir_set_cursor_at_end(irb, end_block);
     assert(incoming_blocks.length == incoming_values.length);
-    return ir_build_phi(irb, node, incoming_blocks.length, incoming_blocks.items, incoming_values.items);
+    return ir_build_phi(irb, scope, node, incoming_blocks.length, incoming_blocks.items, incoming_values.items);
 }
 
 static LabelTableEntry *find_label(IrExecutable *exec, Scope *scope, Buf *name) {
@@ -2589,7 +2595,7 @@ static ScopeBlock *find_block_scope(IrExecutable *exec, Scope *scope) {
     return nullptr;
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_label(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_label(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeLabel);
 
     Buf *label_name = node->data.label.name;
@@ -2599,35 +2605,38 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_label(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
     label->bb = label_block;
     irb->exec->all_labels.append(label);
 
-    LabelTableEntry *existing_label = find_label(irb->exec, node->scope, label_name);
+    LabelTableEntry *existing_label = find_label(irb->exec, scope, label_name);
     if (existing_label) {
         ErrorMsg *msg = add_node_error(irb->codegen, node,
             buf_sprintf("duplicate label name '%s'", buf_ptr(label_name)));
         add_error_note(irb->codegen, msg, existing_label->decl_node, buf_sprintf("other label here"));
         return irb->codegen->invalid_instruction;
     } else {
-        ScopeBlock *scope_block = find_block_scope(irb->exec, node->scope);
+        ScopeBlock *scope_block = find_block_scope(irb->exec, scope);
         scope_block->label_table.put(label_name, label);
     }
 
     bool is_inline = ir_should_inline(irb);
-    ir_build_br(irb, node, label_block, is_inline);
+    ir_build_br(irb, scope, node, label_block, is_inline);
     ir_set_cursor_at_end(irb, label_block);
-    return ir_build_const_void(irb, node);
+    return ir_build_const_void(irb, scope, node);
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_goto(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_goto(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeGoto);
 
     // make a placeholder unreachable statement and a note to come back and
     // replace the instruction with a branch instruction
-    node->data.goto_expr.bb = irb->current_basic_block;
-    node->data.goto_expr.instruction_index = irb->current_basic_block->instruction_list.length;
-    irb->exec->goto_list.append(node);
-    return ir_build_unreachable(irb, node);
+    IrGotoItem *goto_item = irb->exec->goto_list.add_one();
+    goto_item->bb = irb->current_basic_block;
+    goto_item->instruction_index = irb->current_basic_block->instruction_list.length;
+    goto_item->source_node = node;
+    goto_item->scope = scope;
+
+    return ir_build_unreachable(irb, scope, node);
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_lval_wrap(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *value, LValPurpose lval) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_lval_wrap(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, IrInstruction *value, LValPurpose lval) {
     if (lval == LValPurposeNone)
         return value;
     if (value == irb->codegen->invalid_instruction)
@@ -2635,75 +2644,73 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_lval_wrap(IrBuilder *irb, IrInstruction *value, LValPur
 
     // We needed a pointer to a value, but we got a value. So we create
     // an instruction which just makes a const pointer of it.
-    return ir_build_ref(irb, value->source_node, value);
+    return ir_build_ref(irb, scope, value->source_node, value);
 }
 
-static IrInstruction *ir_gen_type_literal(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node) {
+static IrInstruction *ir_gen_type_literal(IrBuilder *irb, Scope *scope, AstNode *node) {
     assert(node->type == NodeTypeTypeLiteral);
-    return ir_build_const_type(irb, node, irb->codegen->builtin_types.entry_type);
+    return ir_build_const_type(irb, scope, node, irb->codegen->builtin_types.entry_type);
 }
 
 static IrInstruction *ir_gen_node_raw(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node, Scope *scope,
         LValPurpose lval)
 {
     assert(scope);
-    node->scope = scope;
-
     switch (node->type) {
         case NodeTypeStructValueField:
             zig_unreachable();
         case NodeTypeBlock:
-            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, ir_gen_block(irb, node), lval);
+            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, scope, ir_gen_block(irb, scope, node), lval);
         case NodeTypeBinOpExpr:
-            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, ir_gen_bin_op(irb, node), lval);
+            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, scope, ir_gen_bin_op(irb, scope, node), lval);
         case NodeTypeNumberLiteral:
-            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, ir_gen_num_lit(irb, node), lval);
+            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, scope, ir_gen_num_lit(irb, scope, node), lval);
         case NodeTypeSymbol:
-            return ir_gen_symbol(irb, node, lval);
+            return ir_gen_symbol(irb, scope, node, lval);
         case NodeTypeFnCallExpr:
-            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, ir_gen_fn_call(irb, node), lval);
+            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, scope, ir_gen_fn_call(irb, scope, node), lval);
         case NodeTypeIfBoolExpr:
-            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, ir_gen_if_bool_expr(irb, node), lval);
+            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, scope, ir_gen_if_bool_expr(irb, scope, node), lval);
         case NodeTypePrefixOpExpr:
-            return ir_gen_prefix_op_expr(irb, node, lval);
+            return ir_gen_prefix_op_expr(irb, scope, node, lval);
         case NodeTypeContainerInitExpr:
-            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, ir_gen_container_init_expr(irb, node), lval);
+            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, scope, ir_gen_container_init_expr(irb, scope, node), lval);
         case NodeTypeVariableDeclaration:
-            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, ir_gen_var_decl(irb, node), lval);
+            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, scope, ir_gen_var_decl(irb, scope, node), lval);
         case NodeTypeWhileExpr:
-            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, ir_gen_while_expr(irb, node), lval);
+            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, scope, ir_gen_while_expr(irb, scope, node), lval);
         case NodeTypeForExpr:
-            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, ir_gen_for_expr(irb, node), lval);
+            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, scope, ir_gen_for_expr(irb, scope, node), lval);
         case NodeTypeArrayAccessExpr:
-            return ir_gen_array_access(irb, node, lval);
+            return ir_gen_array_access(irb, scope, node, lval);
         case NodeTypeReturnExpr:
-            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, ir_gen_return(irb, node), lval);
+            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, scope, ir_gen_return(irb, scope, node), lval);
         case NodeTypeFieldAccessExpr:
-            return ir_gen_field_access(irb, node, lval);
+            return ir_gen_field_access(irb, scope, node, lval);
         case NodeTypeThisLiteral:
-            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, ir_gen_this_literal(irb, node), lval);
+            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, scope, ir_gen_this_literal(irb, scope, node), lval);
         case NodeTypeBoolLiteral:
-            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, ir_gen_bool_literal(irb, node), lval);
+            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, scope, ir_gen_bool_literal(irb, scope, node), lval);
         case NodeTypeArrayType:
-            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, ir_gen_array_type(irb, node), lval);
+            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, scope, ir_gen_array_type(irb, scope, node), lval);
         case NodeTypeStringLiteral:
-            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, ir_gen_string_literal(irb, node), lval);
+            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, scope, ir_gen_string_literal(irb, scope, node), lval);
         case NodeTypeUndefinedLiteral:
-            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, ir_gen_undefined_literal(irb, node), lval);
+            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, scope, ir_gen_undefined_literal(irb, scope, node), lval);
         case NodeTypeAsmExpr:
-            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, ir_gen_asm_expr(irb, node), lval);
+            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, scope, ir_gen_asm_expr(irb, scope, node), lval);
         case NodeTypeNullLiteral:
-            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, ir_gen_null_literal(irb, node), lval);
+            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, scope, ir_gen_null_literal(irb, scope, node), lval);
         case NodeTypeIfVarExpr:
-            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, ir_gen_if_var_expr(irb, node), lval);
+            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, scope, ir_gen_if_var_expr(irb, scope, node), lval);
         case NodeTypeSwitchExpr:
-            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, ir_gen_switch_expr(irb, node), lval);
+            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, scope, ir_gen_switch_expr(irb, scope, node), lval);
         case NodeTypeLabel:
-            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, ir_gen_label(irb, node), lval);
+            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, scope, ir_gen_label(irb, scope, node), lval);
         case NodeTypeGoto:
-            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, ir_gen_goto(irb, node), lval);
+            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, scope, ir_gen_goto(irb, scope, node), lval);
         case NodeTypeTypeLiteral:
-            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, ir_gen_type_literal(irb, node), lval);
+            return ir_lval_wrap(irb, scope, ir_gen_type_literal(irb, scope, node), lval);
         case NodeTypeUnwrapErrorExpr:
         case NodeTypeDefer:
         case NodeTypeSliceExpr:
@@ -2744,22 +2751,23 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_gen_node(IrBuilder *irb, AstNode *node, Scope *scope) {
 
 static bool ir_goto_pass2(IrBuilder *irb) {
     for (size_t i = 0; i < irb->exec->goto_list.length; i += 1) {
-        AstNode *goto_node = irb->exec->goto_list.at(i);
-        size_t instruction_index = goto_node->data.goto_expr.instruction_index;
-        IrInstruction **slot = &goto_node->data.goto_expr.bb->instruction_list.at(instruction_index);
+        IrGotoItem *goto_item = &irb->exec->goto_list.at(i);
+        AstNode *source_node = goto_item->source_node;
+        size_t instruction_index = goto_item->instruction_index;
+        IrInstruction **slot = &goto_item->bb->instruction_list.at(instruction_index);
         IrInstruction *old_instruction = *slot;
 
-        Buf *label_name = goto_node->data.goto_expr.name;
-        LabelTableEntry *label = find_label(irb->exec, goto_node->scope, label_name);
+        Buf *label_name = source_node->data.goto_expr.name;
+        LabelTableEntry *label = find_label(irb->exec, goto_item->scope, label_name);
         if (!label) {
-            add_node_error(irb->codegen, goto_node,
+            add_node_error(irb->codegen, source_node,
                 buf_sprintf("no label in scope named '%s'", buf_ptr(label_name)));
             return false;
         }
         label->used = true;
 
-        bool is_inline = ir_should_inline(irb) || goto_node->data.goto_expr.is_inline;
-        IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_create_br(irb, goto_node, label->bb, is_inline);
+        bool is_inline = ir_should_inline(irb) || source_node->data.goto_expr.is_inline;
+        IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_create_br(irb, goto_item->scope, source_node, label->bb, is_inline);
         new_instruction->ref_count = old_instruction->ref_count;
         *slot = new_instruction;
     }
@@ -2795,7 +2803,7 @@ IrInstruction *ir_gen(CodeGen *codegen, AstNode *node, Scope *scope, IrExecutabl
     if (irb->exec->invalid)
         return codegen->invalid_instruction;
 
-    IrInstruction *return_instruction = ir_build_return(irb, result->source_node, result);
+    IrInstruction *return_instruction = ir_build_return(irb, scope, result->source_node, result);
     assert(return_instruction);
 
     if (!ir_goto_pass2(irb)) {
@@ -2814,21 +2822,27 @@ IrInstruction *ir_gen_fn(CodeGen *codegn, FnTableEntry *fn_entry) {
     assert(fn_def_node->type == NodeTypeFnDef);
 
     AstNode *body_node = fn_def_node->data.fn_def.body;
-    Scope *child_scope = fn_def_node->data.fn_def.child_scope;
+
+    assert(fn_entry->child_scope);
+    Scope *child_scope = fn_entry->child_scope;
 
     return ir_gen(codegn, body_node, child_scope, ir_executable);
 }
 
+static ErrorMsg *ir_add_error(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstruction *source_instruction, Buf *msg) {
+    return add_node_error(ira->codegen, source_instruction->source_node, msg);
+}
+
 static IrInstruction *ir_eval_fn(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstruction *source_instruction,
     size_t arg_count, IrInstruction **args)
 {
+    // TODO count this as part of the backward branch quota
     zig_panic("TODO ir_eval_fn");
 }
 
 static bool ir_emit_global_runtime_side_effect(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstruction *source_instruction) {
     if (ir_should_inline(&ira->new_irb)) {
-        add_node_error(ira->codegen, source_instruction->source_node,
-                buf_sprintf("unable to evaluate constant expression"));
+        ir_add_error(ira, source_instruction, buf_sprintf("unable to evaluate constant expression"));
         return false;
     }
     return true;
@@ -2863,7 +2877,7 @@ static bool ir_num_lit_fits_in_other_type(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstruction *instruc
 
     const char *num_lit_str = (const_val->data.x_bignum.kind == BigNumKindFloat) ? "float" : "integer";
 
-    add_node_error(ira->codegen, instruction->source_node,
+    ir_add_error(ira, instruction,
         buf_sprintf("%s value %s cannot be implicitly casted to type '%s'",
             num_lit_str,
             buf_ptr(bignum_to_buf(&const_val->data.x_bignum)),
@@ -3052,15 +3066,15 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_resolve_cast(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstruction *source_inst
         TypeTableEntry *wanted_type, CastOp cast_op, bool need_alloca)
 {
     if (value->static_value.special != ConstValSpecialRuntime) {
-        IrInstruction *result = ir_create_const(&ira->new_irb, source_instr->source_node, wanted_type, false);
+        IrInstruction *result = ir_create_const(&ira->new_irb, source_instr->scope, source_instr->source_node, wanted_type, false);
         eval_const_expr_implicit_cast(cast_op, &value->static_value, value->type_entry,
                 &result->static_value, wanted_type);
         return result;
     } else {
-        IrInstruction *result = ir_build_cast(&ira->new_irb, source_instr->source_node, wanted_type, value, cast_op);
+        IrInstruction *result = ir_build_cast(&ira->new_irb, source_instr->scope, source_instr->source_node, wanted_type, value, cast_op);
         result->type_entry = wanted_type;
         if (need_alloca) {
-            FnTableEntry *fn_entry = scope_fn_entry(source_instr->source_node->scope);
+            FnTableEntry *fn_entry = exec_fn_entry(ira->new_irb.exec);
             if (fn_entry)
                 fn_entry->alloca_list.append(result);
         }
@@ -3153,20 +3167,20 @@ static ConstExprValue *ir_build_const_from(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstruction *old_in
     if (old_instruction->id == IrInstructionIdVarPtr) {
         IrInstructionVarPtr *old_var_ptr_instruction = (IrInstructionVarPtr *)old_instruction;
         IrInstructionVarPtr *var_ptr_instruction = ir_create_instruction<IrInstructionVarPtr>(ira->new_irb.exec,
-                old_instruction->source_node);
+                old_instruction->scope, old_instruction->source_node);
         var_ptr_instruction->var = old_var_ptr_instruction->var;
         new_instruction = &var_ptr_instruction->base;
     } else if (old_instruction->id == IrInstructionIdFieldPtr) {
         IrInstructionFieldPtr *field_ptr_instruction = ir_create_instruction<IrInstructionFieldPtr>(ira->new_irb.exec,
-                old_instruction->source_node);
+                old_instruction->scope, old_instruction->source_node);
         new_instruction = &field_ptr_instruction->base;
     } else if (old_instruction->id == IrInstructionIdElemPtr) {
         IrInstructionElemPtr *elem_ptr_instruction = ir_create_instruction<IrInstructionElemPtr>(ira->new_irb.exec,
-                old_instruction->source_node);
+                old_instruction->scope, old_instruction->source_node);
         new_instruction = &elem_ptr_instruction->base;
     } else {
         IrInstructionConst *const_instruction = ir_create_instruction<IrInstructionConst>(ira->new_irb.exec,
-                old_instruction->source_node);
+                old_instruction->scope, old_instruction->source_node);
         new_instruction = &const_instruction->base;
     }
     ir_link_new_instruction(new_instruction, old_instruction);
@@ -3553,13 +3567,13 @@ static IrInstruction *ir_get_deref(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstruction *source_instruc
         if (ptr->static_value.special != ConstValSpecialRuntime) {
             ConstExprValue *pointee = const_ptr_pointee(&ptr->static_value);
             if (pointee->special != ConstValSpecialRuntime) {
-                IrInstruction *result = ir_create_const(&ira->new_irb, source_instruction->source_node,
-                    child_type, pointee->depends_on_compile_var);
+                IrInstruction *result = ir_create_const(&ira->new_irb, source_instruction->scope,
+                    source_instruction->source_node, child_type, pointee->depends_on_compile_var);
                 result->static_value = *pointee;
                 return result;
             }
         }
-        IrInstruction *load_ptr_instruction = ir_build_load_ptr(&ira->new_irb, source_instruction->source_node, ptr);
+        IrInstruction *load_ptr_instruction = ir_build_load_ptr(&ira->new_irb, source_instruction->scope, source_instruction->source_node, ptr);
         load_ptr_instruction->type_entry = child_type;
         return load_ptr_instruction;
     } else {
@@ -3588,7 +3602,7 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_ref(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstruction *source_inst
         ir_link_new_instruction(value, source_instruction);
         return ptr_type;
     } else {
-        FnTableEntry *fn_entry = scope_fn_entry(source_instruction->source_node->scope);
+        FnTableEntry *fn_entry = exec_fn_entry(ira->new_irb.exec);
         assert(fn_entry);
         IrInstruction *new_instruction = ir_build_ref_from(&ira->new_irb, source_instruction, value);
         fn_entry->alloca_list.append(new_instruction);
@@ -3754,7 +3768,6 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_bin_op_cmp(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstructionBinOp
         case TypeTableEntryIdTypeDecl:
         case TypeTableEntryIdNamespace:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBlock:
-        case TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn:
             if (!is_equality_cmp) {
                 add_node_error(ira->codegen, source_node,
@@ -4057,7 +4070,7 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_instruction_decl_var(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstruc
     }
 
     AstNodeVariableDeclaration *variable_declaration = &var->decl_node->data.variable_declaration;
-    bool is_export = (variable_declaration->top_level_decl.visib_mod == VisibModExport);
+    bool is_export = (variable_declaration->visib_mod == VisibModExport);
     bool is_extern = variable_declaration->is_extern;
 
     var->ref_count = 0;
@@ -4119,7 +4132,6 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_instruction_decl_var(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstruc
         case TypeTableEntryIdEnum:
         case TypeTableEntryIdUnion:
         case TypeTableEntryIdFn:
-        case TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn:
             // OK
             break;
@@ -4136,8 +4148,7 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_instruction_decl_var(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstruc
 
     ir_build_var_decl_from(&ira->new_irb, &decl_var_instruction->base, var, var_type, casted_init_value);
 
-    Scope *scope = decl_var_instruction->base.source_node->scope;
-    FnTableEntry *fn_entry = scope_fn_entry(scope);
+    FnTableEntry *fn_entry = exec_fn_entry(ira->new_irb.exec);
     if (fn_entry)
         fn_entry->variable_list.append(var);
 
@@ -4241,7 +4252,7 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_fn_call(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstructionCall *cal
             fn_entry, fn_ref, call_param_count, casted_args);
 
     if (type_has_bits(return_type) && handle_is_ptr(return_type)) {
-        FnTableEntry *fn_entry = scope_fn_entry(call_instruction->base.source_node->scope);
+        FnTableEntry *fn_entry = exec_fn_entry(ira->new_irb.exec);
         assert(fn_entry);
         fn_entry->alloca_list.append(new_call_instruction);
     }
@@ -4288,8 +4299,6 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_instruction_call(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstruction
             IrInstruction *first_arg_ptr = fn_ref->static_value.data.x_bound_fn.first_arg;
             return ir_analyze_fn_call(ira, call_instruction, fn_table_entry, fn_table_entry->type_entry,
                 nullptr, first_arg_ptr, is_inline);
-        } else if (fn_ref->type_entry->id == TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn) {
-            zig_panic("TODO generic fn call");
         } else {
             add_node_error(ira->codegen, fn_ref->source_node,
                 buf_sprintf("type '%s' not a function", buf_ptr(&fn_ref->type_entry->name)));
@@ -4360,7 +4369,6 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_unary_prefix_op_err(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstruct
         case TypeTableEntryIdEnum:
         case TypeTableEntryIdUnion:
         case TypeTableEntryIdFn:
-        case TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn:
             {
                 ConstExprValue *out_val = ir_build_const_from(ira, &un_op_instruction->base,
@@ -4409,7 +4417,6 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_unary_address_of(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstruction
         case TypeTableEntryIdBlock:
         case TypeTableEntryIdUnreachable:
         case TypeTableEntryIdVar:
-        case TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn:
             add_node_error(ira->codegen, un_op_instruction->base.source_node,
                     buf_sprintf("unable to get address of type '%s'", buf_ptr(&target_type->name)));
@@ -4508,7 +4515,6 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_maybe(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstructionUnOp *un_op
         case TypeTableEntryIdFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdNamespace:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBlock:
-        case TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn:
             {
                 ConstExprValue *out_val = ir_build_const_from(ira, &un_op_instruction->base,
@@ -4781,9 +4787,7 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_var_ptr(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstruction *instruc
         if (var->mem_slot_index != SIZE_MAX)
             mem_slot = &ira->exec_context.mem_slot_list[var->mem_slot_index];
     } else if (var->src_is_const) {
-        AstNode *var_decl_node = var->decl_node;
-        assert(var_decl_node->type == NodeTypeVariableDeclaration);
-        mem_slot = &var_decl_node->data.variable_declaration.top_level_decl.value->static_value;
+        mem_slot = var->value;
         assert(mem_slot->special != ConstValSpecialRuntime);
     }
 
@@ -4925,15 +4929,15 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_container_member_access_inner(IrAnalyze *ira,
     if (!is_slice(bare_struct_type)) {
         ScopeDecls *container_scope = get_container_scope(bare_struct_type);
         auto entry = container_scope->decl_table.maybe_get(field_name);
-        AstNode *fn_decl_node = entry ? entry->value : nullptr;
-        if (fn_decl_node && fn_decl_node->type == NodeTypeFnProto) {
-            resolve_top_level_decl(ira->codegen, fn_decl_node, false);
-            TopLevelDecl *tld = get_as_top_level_decl(fn_decl_node);
+        Tld *tld = entry ? entry->value : nullptr;
+        if (tld && tld->id == TldIdFn) {
+            resolve_top_level_decl(ira->codegen, tld, false);
             if (tld->resolution == TldResolutionInvalid)
                 return ira->codegen->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
-            FnTableEntry *fn_entry = fn_decl_node->data.fn_proto.fn_table_entry;
+            TldFn *tld_fn = (TldFn *)tld;
+            FnTableEntry *fn_entry = tld_fn->fn_entry;
             bool depends_on_compile_var = container_ptr->static_value.depends_on_compile_var;
-            IrInstruction *bound_fn_value = ir_build_const_bound_fn(&ira->new_irb,
+            IrInstruction *bound_fn_value = ir_build_const_bound_fn(&ira->new_irb, field_ptr_instruction->base.scope,
                 field_ptr_instruction->base.source_node, fn_entry, container_ptr, depends_on_compile_var);
             return ir_analyze_ref(ira, &field_ptr_instruction->base, bound_fn_value);
         }
@@ -4976,53 +4980,63 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_container_field_ptr(IrAnalyze *ira, Buf *field
     }
 }
 
-static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_decl_ref(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstruction *source_instruction, AstNode *decl_node,
+static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_decl_ref(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstruction *source_instruction, Tld *tld,
         bool depends_on_compile_var)
 {
     bool pointer_only = false;
-    resolve_top_level_decl(ira->codegen, decl_node, pointer_only);
-    TopLevelDecl *tld = get_as_top_level_decl(decl_node);
+    resolve_top_level_decl(ira->codegen, tld, pointer_only);
     if (tld->resolution == TldResolutionInvalid)
         return ira->codegen->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
 
-    if (decl_node->type == NodeTypeVariableDeclaration) {
-        VariableTableEntry *var = decl_node->data.variable_declaration.variable;
-        return ir_analyze_var_ptr(ira, source_instruction, var);
-    } else if (decl_node->type == NodeTypeFnProto) {
-        FnTableEntry *fn_entry = decl_node->data.fn_proto.fn_table_entry;
-        assert(fn_entry->type_entry);
-
-        // TODO instead of allocating this every time, put it in the tld value and we can reference
-        // the same one every time
-        ConstExprValue *const_val = allocate<ConstExprValue>(1);
-        const_val->special = ConstValSpecialStatic;
-        if (fn_entry->type_entry->id == TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn) {
-            const_val->data.x_type = fn_entry->type_entry;
-        } else {
+    switch (tld->id) {
+        case TldIdVar:
+        {
+            TldVar *tld_var = (TldVar *)tld;
+            VariableTableEntry *var = tld_var->var;
+            return ir_analyze_var_ptr(ira, source_instruction, var);
+        }
+        case TldIdFn:
+        {
+            TldFn *tld_fn = (TldFn *)tld;
+            FnTableEntry *fn_entry = tld_fn->fn_entry;
+            assert(fn_entry->type_entry);
+
+            // TODO instead of allocating this every time, put it in the tld value and we can reference
+            // the same one every time
+            ConstExprValue *const_val = allocate<ConstExprValue>(1);
+            const_val->special = ConstValSpecialStatic;
             const_val->data.x_fn = fn_entry;
+
+            return ir_analyze_const_ptr(ira, source_instruction, const_val, fn_entry->type_entry, depends_on_compile_var);
         }
+        case TldIdContainer:
+        {
+            TldContainer *tld_container = (TldContainer *)tld;
+            assert(tld_container->type_entry);
 
-        return ir_analyze_const_ptr(ira, source_instruction, const_val, fn_entry->type_entry, depends_on_compile_var);
-    } else if (decl_node->type == NodeTypeContainerDecl) {
-        zig_panic("TODO");
-        //ConstExprValue *out_val = ir_build_const_from(ira, source_instruction, depends_on_compile_var);
-        //if (decl_node->data.struct_decl.generic_params.length > 0) {
-        //    TypeTableEntry *type_entry = decl_node->data.struct_decl.generic_fn_type;
-        //    assert(type_entry);
-        //    out_val->data.x_type = type_entry;
-        //    return type_entry;
-        //} else {
-        //    out_val->data.x_type = decl_node->data.struct_decl.type_entry;
-        //    return ira->codegen->builtin_types.entry_type;
-        //}
-    } else if (decl_node->type == NodeTypeTypeDecl) {
-        zig_panic("TODO");
-        //ConstExprValue *out_val = ir_build_const_from(ira, source_instruction, depends_on_compile_var);
-        //out_val->data.x_type = decl_node->data.type_decl.child_type_entry;
-        //return ira->codegen->builtin_types.entry_type;
-    } else {
-        zig_unreachable();
+            // TODO instead of allocating this every time, put it in the tld value and we can reference
+            // the same one every time
+            ConstExprValue *const_val = allocate<ConstExprValue>(1);
+            const_val->special = ConstValSpecialStatic;
+            const_val->data.x_type = tld_container->type_entry;
+
+            return ir_analyze_const_ptr(ira, source_instruction, const_val, tld_container->type_entry, depends_on_compile_var);
+        }
+        case TldIdTypeDef:
+        {
+            TldTypeDef *tld_typedef = (TldTypeDef *)tld;
+            assert(tld_typedef->type_entry);
+
+            // TODO instead of allocating this every time, put it in the tld value and we can reference
+            // the same one every time
+            ConstExprValue *const_val = allocate<ConstExprValue>(1);
+            const_val->special = ConstValSpecialStatic;
+            const_val->data.x_type = tld_typedef->type_entry;
+
+            return ir_analyze_const_ptr(ira, source_instruction, const_val, tld_typedef->type_entry, depends_on_compile_var);
+        }
     }
+    zig_unreachable();
 }
 
 static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_instruction_field_ptr(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstructionFieldPtr *field_ptr_instruction) {
@@ -5068,10 +5082,10 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_instruction_field_ptr(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstru
         } else if (child_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdStruct) {
             ScopeDecls *container_scope = get_container_scope(child_type);
             auto entry = container_scope->decl_table.maybe_get(field_name);
-            AstNode *decl_node = entry ? entry->value : nullptr;
-            if (decl_node) {
+            Tld *tld = entry ? entry->value : nullptr;
+            if (tld) {
                 bool depends_on_compile_var = container_ptr->static_value.depends_on_compile_var;
-                return ir_analyze_decl_ref(ira, &field_ptr_instruction->base, decl_node, depends_on_compile_var);
+                return ir_analyze_decl_ref(ira, &field_ptr_instruction->base, tld, depends_on_compile_var);
             } else {
                 add_node_error(ira->codegen, source_node,
                     buf_sprintf("container '%s' has no member called '%s'",
@@ -5098,30 +5112,29 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_instruction_field_ptr(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstru
         ImportTableEntry *namespace_import = namespace_val->data.x_import;
 
         bool depends_on_compile_var = container_ptr->static_value.depends_on_compile_var;
-        AstNode *decl_node = find_decl(&namespace_import->decls_scope->base, field_name);
-        if (!decl_node) {
+        Tld *tld = find_decl(&namespace_import->decls_scope->base, field_name);
+        if (!tld) {
             // we must now resolve all the use decls
+            // TODO move this check to find_decl?
             for (size_t i = 0; i < namespace_import->use_decls.length; i += 1) {
                 AstNode *use_decl_node = namespace_import->use_decls.at(i);
-                TopLevelDecl *tld = get_as_top_level_decl(use_decl_node);
-                if (tld->resolution == TldResolutionUnresolved) {
+                if (use_decl_node->data.use.resolution == TldResolutionUnresolved) {
                     preview_use_decl(ira->codegen, use_decl_node);
                 }
                 resolve_use_decl(ira->codegen, use_decl_node);
             }
-            decl_node = find_decl(&namespace_import->decls_scope->base, field_name);
+            tld = find_decl(&namespace_import->decls_scope->base, field_name);
         }
-        if (decl_node) {
-            TopLevelDecl *tld = get_as_top_level_decl(decl_node);
+        if (tld) {
             if (tld->visib_mod == VisibModPrivate &&
-                decl_node->owner != source_node->owner)
+                tld->import != source_node->owner)
             {
                 ErrorMsg *msg = add_node_error(ira->codegen, source_node,
                     buf_sprintf("'%s' is private", buf_ptr(field_name)));
-                add_error_note(ira->codegen, msg, decl_node, buf_sprintf("declared here"));
+                add_error_note(ira->codegen, msg, tld->source_node, buf_sprintf("declared here"));
                 return ira->codegen->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
             }
-            return ir_analyze_decl_ref(ira, &field_ptr_instruction->base, decl_node, depends_on_compile_var);
+            return ir_analyze_decl_ref(ira, &field_ptr_instruction->base, tld, depends_on_compile_var);
         } else {
             const char *import_name = namespace_import->path ? buf_ptr(namespace_import->path) : "(C import)";
             add_node_error(ira->codegen, source_node,
@@ -5176,7 +5189,8 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_instruction_store_ptr(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstru
         if (ptr->id == IrInstructionIdVarPtr) {
             IrInstructionVarPtr *var_ptr_inst = (IrInstructionVarPtr *)ptr;
             VariableTableEntry *var = var_ptr_inst->var;
-            new_ptr_inst = ir_build_var_ptr(&ira->new_irb, store_ptr_instruction->base.source_node, var);
+            new_ptr_inst = ir_build_var_ptr(&ira->new_irb, store_ptr_instruction->base.scope,
+                store_ptr_instruction->base.source_node, var);
             assert(var->mem_slot_index != SIZE_MAX);
             ConstExprValue *mem_slot = &ira->exec_context.mem_slot_list[var->mem_slot_index];
             mem_slot->special = ConstValSpecialRuntime;
@@ -5188,7 +5202,8 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_instruction_store_ptr(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstru
             zig_unreachable();
         }
         new_ptr_inst->type_entry = ptr->type_entry;
-        ir_build_store_ptr(&ira->new_irb, store_ptr_instruction->base.source_node, new_ptr_inst, casted_value);
+        ir_build_store_ptr(&ira->new_irb, store_ptr_instruction->base.scope,
+            store_ptr_instruction->base.source_node, new_ptr_inst, casted_value);
         return ir_analyze_void(ira, &store_ptr_instruction->base);
     }
 
@@ -5212,7 +5227,6 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_instruction_typeof(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstructi
         case TypeTableEntryIdNullLit:
         case TypeTableEntryIdNamespace:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBlock:
-        case TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdMetaType:
         case TypeTableEntryIdVoid:
@@ -5342,14 +5356,13 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_instruction_set_fn_visible(IrAnalyze *ira,
     fn_entry->fn_export_set_node = source_node;
 
     AstNodeFnProto *fn_proto = &fn_entry->proto_node->data.fn_proto;
-    if (fn_proto->top_level_decl.visib_mod != VisibModExport) {
+    if (fn_proto->visib_mod != VisibModExport) {
         ErrorMsg *msg = add_node_error(ira->codegen, source_node,
             buf_sprintf("function must be marked export to set function visibility"));
         add_error_note(ira->codegen, msg, fn_entry->proto_node, buf_sprintf("function declared here"));
         return ira->codegen->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
     }
-    if (!want_export)
-        LLVMSetLinkage(fn_entry->fn_value, LLVMInternalLinkage);
+    fn_entry->internal_linkage = !want_export;
 
     ir_build_const_from(ira, &set_fn_visible_instruction->base, false);
     return ira->codegen->builtin_types.entry_void;
@@ -5366,24 +5379,33 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_instruction_set_debug_safety(IrAnalyze *ira,
     if (!target_val)
         return ira->codegen->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
 
-    Scope *target_context;
+    bool *safety_off_ptr;
+    AstNode **safety_set_node_ptr;
     if (target_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdBlock) {
-        target_context = target_val->data.x_block;
+        ScopeBlock *block_scope = (ScopeBlock *)target_val->data.x_block;
+        safety_off_ptr = &block_scope->safety_off;
+        safety_set_node_ptr = &block_scope->safety_set_node;
     } else if (target_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdFn) {
-        target_context = target_val->data.x_fn->fn_def_node->data.fn_def.child_scope;
+        FnTableEntry *target_fn = target_val->data.x_fn;
+        assert(target_fn->def_scope);
+        safety_off_ptr = &target_fn->def_scope->safety_off;
+        safety_set_node_ptr = &target_fn->def_scope->safety_set_node;
     } else if (target_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdMetaType) {
+        ScopeDecls *decls_scope;
         TypeTableEntry *type_arg = target_val->data.x_type;
         if (type_arg->id == TypeTableEntryIdStruct) {
-            target_context = &type_arg->data.structure.decls_scope->base;
+            decls_scope = type_arg->data.structure.decls_scope;
         } else if (type_arg->id == TypeTableEntryIdEnum) {
-            target_context = &type_arg->data.enumeration.decls_scope->base;
+            decls_scope = type_arg->data.enumeration.decls_scope;
         } else if (type_arg->id == TypeTableEntryIdUnion) {
-            target_context = &type_arg->data.unionation.decls_scope->base;
+            decls_scope = type_arg->data.unionation.decls_scope;
         } else {
             add_node_error(ira->codegen, target_instruction->source_node,
                 buf_sprintf("expected scope reference, found type '%s'", buf_ptr(&type_arg->name)));
             return ira->codegen->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
         }
+        safety_off_ptr = &decls_scope->safety_off;
+        safety_set_node_ptr = &decls_scope->safety_set_node;
     } else {
         add_node_error(ira->codegen, target_instruction->source_node,
             buf_sprintf("expected scope reference, found type '%s'", buf_ptr(&target_type->name)));
@@ -5396,14 +5418,14 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_instruction_set_debug_safety(IrAnalyze *ira,
         return ira->codegen->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
 
     AstNode *source_node = set_debug_safety_instruction->base.source_node;
-    if (target_context->safety_set_node) {
+    if (*safety_set_node_ptr) {
         ErrorMsg *msg = add_node_error(ira->codegen, source_node,
                 buf_sprintf("function test attribute set twice"));
-        add_error_note(ira->codegen, msg, target_context->safety_set_node, buf_sprintf("first set here"));
+        add_error_note(ira->codegen, msg, *safety_set_node_ptr, buf_sprintf("first set here"));
         return ira->codegen->builtin_types.entry_invalid;
     }
-    target_context->safety_set_node = source_node;
-    target_context->safety_off = !want_debug_safety;
+    *safety_set_node_ptr = source_node;
+    *safety_off_ptr = !want_debug_safety;
 
     ir_build_const_from(ira, &set_debug_safety_instruction->base, false);
     return ira->codegen->builtin_types.entry_void;
@@ -5450,7 +5472,6 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_instruction_slice_type(IrAnalyze *ira,
         case TypeTableEntryIdUnion:
         case TypeTableEntryIdFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdNamespace:
-        case TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn:
             {
                 TypeTableEntry *result_type = get_slice_type(ira->codegen, resolved_child_type, is_const);
@@ -5494,7 +5515,7 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_instruction_asm(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstructionA
     }
 
     ir_build_asm_from(&ira->new_irb, &asm_instruction->base, input_list, output_types,
-            asm_instruction->return_count, asm_instruction->has_side_effects);
+        asm_instruction->output_vars, asm_instruction->return_count, asm_instruction->has_side_effects);
     return return_type;
 }
 
@@ -5540,7 +5561,6 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_instruction_array_type(IrAnalyze *ira,
         case TypeTableEntryIdUnion:
         case TypeTableEntryIdFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdNamespace:
-        case TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn:
             {
                 TypeTableEntry *result_type = get_array_type(ira->codegen, child_type, size);
@@ -5611,7 +5631,6 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_instruction_size_of(IrAnalyze *ira,
         case TypeTableEntryIdBlock:
         case TypeTableEntryIdNumLitFloat:
         case TypeTableEntryIdNumLitInt:
-        case TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdMetaType:
         case TypeTableEntryIdFn:
@@ -5905,7 +5924,6 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_instruction_switch_target(IrAnalyze *ira,
         case TypeTableEntryIdMaybe:
         case TypeTableEntryIdUnion:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBlock:
-        case TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn:
         case TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn:
             add_node_error(ira->codegen, switch_target_instruction->base.source_node,
                 buf_sprintf("invalid switch target type '%s'", buf_ptr(&target_type->name)));
@@ -6009,7 +6027,7 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_instruction_import(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstructi
     ImportTableEntry *target_import = add_source_file(ira->codegen, target_package,
             abs_full_path, search_dir, import_target_path, import_code);
 
-    scan_decls(ira->codegen, target_import, target_import->decls_scope, target_import->root);
+    scan_decls(ira->codegen, target_import, target_import->decls_scope, target_import->root, nullptr);
 
     ConstExprValue *out_val = ir_build_const_from(ira, &import_instruction->base, depends_on_compile_var);
     out_val->data.x_import = target_import;
@@ -6064,7 +6082,7 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_container_init_fields(IrAnalyze *ira, IrInstru
 
     IrInstructionStructInitField *new_fields = allocate<IrInstructionStructInitField>(actual_field_count);
 
-    FnTableEntry *fn_entry = scope_fn_entry(instruction->source_node->scope);
+    FnTableEntry *fn_entry = exec_fn_entry(ira->new_irb.exec);
     bool outside_fn = (fn_entry == nullptr);
 
     ConstExprValue const_val = {};
@@ -6167,7 +6185,7 @@ static TypeTableEntry *ir_analyze_instruction_container_init_list(IrAnalyze *ira
         const_val.data.x_array.elements = allocate<ConstExprValue>(elem_count);
         const_val.data.x_array.size = elem_count;
 
-        FnTableEntry *fn_entry = scope_fn_entry(instruction->base.source_node->scope);
+        FnTableEntry *fn_entry = exec_fn_entry(ira->new_irb.exec);
         bool outside_fn = (fn_entry == nullptr);
 
         IrInstruction **new_items = allocate<IrInstruction *>(elem_count);
src/ir_print.cpp
@@ -140,14 +140,6 @@ static void ir_print_const_value(IrPrint *irp, TypeTableEntry *type_entry, Const
                 fprintf(irp->f, "(namespace: %s)", buf_ptr(import->path));
                 return;
             }
-        case TypeTableEntryIdGenericFn:
-            {
-                TypeTableEntry *type_entry = const_val->data.x_type;
-                AstNode *decl_node = type_entry->data.generic_fn.decl_node;
-                assert(decl_node->type == NodeTypeFnProto);
-                fprintf(irp->f, "%s", buf_ptr(decl_node->data.fn_proto.name));
-                return;
-            }
         case TypeTableEntryIdBoundFn:
             {
                 FnTableEntry *fn_entry = const_val->data.x_bound_fn.fn;
src/parseh.cpp
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ static AstNode *create_typed_var_decl_node(Context *c, bool is_const, const char
     AstNode *node = create_node(c, NodeTypeVariableDeclaration);
     node->data.variable_declaration.symbol = buf_create_from_str(var_name);
     node->data.variable_declaration.is_const = is_const;
-    node->data.variable_declaration.top_level_decl.visib_mod = c->visib_mod;
+    node->data.variable_declaration.visib_mod = c->visib_mod;
     node->data.variable_declaration.expr = init_node;
     node->data.variable_declaration.type = type_node;
     return node;
@@ -139,16 +139,6 @@ static AstNode *create_prefix_node(Context *c, PrefixOp op, AstNode *child_node)
     return node;
 }
 
-static AstNode *create_struct_field_node(Context *c, const char *name, AstNode *type_node) {
-    assert(type_node);
-    AstNode *node = create_node(c, NodeTypeStructField);
-    node->data.struct_field.name = buf_create_from_str(name);
-    node->data.struct_field.top_level_decl.visib_mod = VisibModPub;
-    node->data.struct_field.type = type_node;
-
-    return node;
-}
-
 static AstNode *create_param_decl_node(Context *c, const char *name, AstNode *type_node, bool is_noalias) {
     assert(type_node);
     AstNode *node = create_node(c, NodeTypeParamDecl);
@@ -214,15 +204,6 @@ static AstNode *create_num_lit_signed(Context *c, int64_t x) {
     return create_prefix_node(c, PrefixOpNegation, num_lit_node);
 }
 
-static AstNode *create_type_decl_node(Context *c, const char *name, AstNode *child_type_node) {
-    AstNode *node = create_node(c, NodeTypeTypeDecl);
-    node->data.type_decl.symbol = buf_create_from_str(name);
-    node->data.type_decl.top_level_decl.visib_mod = c->visib_mod;
-    node->data.type_decl.child_type = child_type_node;
-
-    return node;
-}
-
 static AstNode *make_type_node(Context *c, TypeTableEntry *type_entry) {
     zig_panic("TODO bypass AST in parseh");
 }
@@ -231,7 +212,7 @@ static AstNode *create_fn_proto_node(Context *c, Buf *name, TypeTableEntry *fn_t
     assert(fn_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdFn);
     AstNode *node = create_node(c, NodeTypeFnProto);
     node->data.fn_proto.is_inline = true;
-    node->data.fn_proto.top_level_decl.visib_mod = c->visib_mod;
+    node->data.fn_proto.visib_mod = c->visib_mod;
     node->data.fn_proto.name = name;
     node->data.fn_proto.return_type = make_type_node(c, fn_type->data.fn.fn_type_id.return_type);
 
@@ -280,25 +261,40 @@ static const char *decl_name(const Decl *decl) {
     return (const char *)named_decl->getName().bytes_begin();
 }
 
-static AstNode *add_typedef_node(Context *c, TypeTableEntry *type_decl) {
+static void add_typedef_node(Context *c, TypeTableEntry *type_decl) {
     assert(type_decl);
     assert(type_decl->id == TypeTableEntryIdTypeDecl);
 
-    AstNode *node = create_type_decl_node(c, buf_ptr(&type_decl->name),
-            make_type_node(c, type_decl->data.type_decl.child_type));
-    node->data.type_decl.override_type = type_decl;
+    ScopeDecls *decls_scope = c->import->decls_scope;
+    TldTypeDef *tld_typedef = allocate<TldTypeDef>(1);
+    init_tld(&tld_typedef->base, TldIdTypeDef, &type_decl->name, c->visib_mod, c->source_node, &decls_scope->base, nullptr);
+    tld_typedef->type_entry = type_decl;
 
+    decls_scope->decl_table.put(&type_decl->name, &tld_typedef->base);
     c->global_type_table.put(&type_decl->name, type_decl);
-    c->root->data.root.top_level_decls.append(node);
-    return node;
 }
 
-static AstNode *add_const_var_node(Context *c, Buf *name, TypeTableEntry *type_entry) {
-    AstNode *node = create_var_decl_node(c, buf_ptr(name), make_type_node(c, type_entry));
-
+static void add_const_var_node(Context *c, Buf *name, TypeTableEntry *type_entry) {
+    ScopeDecls *decls_scope = c->import->decls_scope;
+    TldVar *tld_var = allocate<TldVar>(1);
+    init_tld(&tld_var->base, TldIdVar, name, c->visib_mod, c->source_node, &decls_scope->base, nullptr);
+    bool is_const = true;
+    ConstExprValue *init_value = allocate<ConstExprValue>(1);
+    init_value->special = ConstValSpecialStatic;
+    init_value->data.x_type = type_entry;
+    tld_var->var = add_variable(c->codegen, c->source_node, &decls_scope->base, name, type_entry, is_const, init_value);
+
+    decls_scope->decl_table.put(name, &tld_var->base);
     c->global_type_table.put(name, type_entry);
-    c->root->data.root.top_level_decls.append(node);
-    return node;
+}
+
+static void add_container_tld(Context *c, TypeTableEntry *type_entry) {
+    ScopeDecls *decls_scope = c->import->decls_scope;
+    TldContainer *tld_container = allocate<TldContainer>(1);
+    init_tld(&tld_container->base, TldIdContainer, &type_entry->name, c->visib_mod, c->source_node, &decls_scope->base, nullptr);
+    tld_container->type_entry = type_entry;
+
+    decls_scope->decl_table.put(&type_entry->name, &tld_container->base);
 }
 
 static AstNode *create_ap_num_lit_node(Context *c, const Decl *source_decl,
@@ -617,7 +613,7 @@ static TypeTableEntry *resolve_type_with_table(Context *c, const Type *ty, const
                     param_info->is_noalias = qt.isRestrictQualified();
                 }
 
-                return get_fn_type(c->codegen, &fn_type_id, true);
+                return get_fn_type(c->codegen, &fn_type_id);
             }
         case Type::Record:
             {
@@ -724,7 +720,7 @@ static void visit_fn_decl(Context *c, const FunctionDecl *fn_decl) {
     node->data.fn_proto.name = fn_name;
 
     node->data.fn_proto.is_extern = fn_type->data.fn.fn_type_id.is_extern;
-    node->data.fn_proto.top_level_decl.visib_mod = c->visib_mod;
+    node->data.fn_proto.visib_mod = c->visib_mod;
     node->data.fn_proto.is_var_args = fn_type->data.fn.fn_type_id.is_var_args;
     node->data.fn_proto.return_type = make_type_node(c, fn_type->data.fn.fn_type_id.return_type);
 
@@ -939,9 +935,8 @@ static TypeTableEntry *resolve_enum_decl(Context *c, const EnumDecl *enum_decl)
 static void visit_enum_decl(Context *c, const EnumDecl *enum_decl) {
     TypeTableEntry *enum_type = resolve_enum_decl(c, enum_decl);
 
-    if (enum_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdInvalid) {
+    if (enum_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdInvalid)
         return;
-    }
 
     // make an alias without the "enum_" prefix. this will get emitted at the
     // end if it doesn't conflict with anything else
@@ -951,21 +946,7 @@ static void visit_enum_decl(Context *c, const EnumDecl *enum_decl) {
 
     if (enum_type->id == TypeTableEntryIdEnum) {
         if (enum_type->data.enumeration.complete) {
-            // now create top level decl for the type
-            AstNode *enum_node = create_node(c, NodeTypeContainerDecl);
-            enum_node->data.struct_decl.name = &enum_type->name;
-            enum_node->data.struct_decl.kind = ContainerKindEnum;
-            enum_node->data.struct_decl.top_level_decl.visib_mod = VisibModExport;
-            enum_node->data.struct_decl.type_entry = enum_type;
-
-            for (uint32_t i = 0; i < enum_type->data.enumeration.src_field_count; i += 1) {
-                TypeEnumField *type_enum_field = &enum_type->data.enumeration.fields[i];
-                AstNode *type_node = make_type_node(c, type_enum_field->type_entry);
-                AstNode *field_node = create_struct_field_node(c, buf_ptr(type_enum_field->name), type_node);
-                enum_node->data.struct_decl.fields.append(field_node);
-            }
-
-            c->root->data.root.top_level_decls.append(enum_node);
+            add_container_tld(c, enum_type);
         } else {
             TypeTableEntry *typedecl_type = get_typedecl_type(c->codegen, buf_ptr(&enum_type->name),
                     c->codegen->builtin_types.entry_u8);
@@ -1127,21 +1108,7 @@ static void visit_record_decl(Context *c, const RecordDecl *record_decl) {
     }
 
     if (struct_type->data.structure.complete) {
-        // now create a top level decl node for the type
-        AstNode *struct_node = create_node(c, NodeTypeContainerDecl);
-        struct_node->data.struct_decl.name = &struct_type->name;
-        struct_node->data.struct_decl.kind = ContainerKindStruct;
-        struct_node->data.struct_decl.top_level_decl.visib_mod = VisibModExport;
-        struct_node->data.struct_decl.type_entry = struct_type;
-
-        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < struct_type->data.structure.src_field_count; i += 1) {
-            TypeStructField *type_struct_field = &struct_type->data.structure.fields[i];
-            AstNode *type_node = make_type_node(c, type_struct_field->type_entry);
-            AstNode *field_node = create_struct_field_node(c, buf_ptr(type_struct_field->name), type_node);
-            struct_node->data.struct_decl.fields.append(field_node);
-        }
-
-        c->root->data.root.top_level_decls.append(struct_node);
+        add_container_tld(c, struct_type);
     } else {
         TypeTableEntry *typedecl_type = get_typedecl_type(c->codegen, buf_ptr(&struct_type->name),
                 c->codegen->builtin_types.entry_u8);
src/parser.cpp
@@ -1501,7 +1501,7 @@ static AstNode *ast_parse_variable_declaration_expr(ParseContext *pc, size_t *to
 
     node->data.variable_declaration.is_inline = is_inline;
     node->data.variable_declaration.is_const = is_const;
-    node->data.variable_declaration.top_level_decl.visib_mod = visib_mod;
+    node->data.variable_declaration.visib_mod = visib_mod;
 
     Token *name_token = ast_eat_token(pc, token_index, TokenIdSymbol);
     node->data.variable_declaration.symbol = token_buf(name_token);
@@ -2079,7 +2079,7 @@ static AstNode *ast_parse_fn_proto(ParseContext *pc, size_t *token_index, bool m
     }
 
     AstNode *node = ast_create_node(pc, NodeTypeFnProto, fn_token);
-    node->data.fn_proto.top_level_decl.visib_mod = visib_mod;
+    node->data.fn_proto.visib_mod = visib_mod;
     node->data.fn_proto.is_coldcc = is_coldcc;
     node->data.fn_proto.is_nakedcc = is_nakedcc;
 
@@ -2144,6 +2144,7 @@ static AstNode *ast_parse_fn_def(ParseContext *pc, size_t *token_index, bool man
     AstNode *node = ast_create_node(pc, NodeTypeFnDef, first_token);
     node->data.fn_def.fn_proto = fn_proto;
     node->data.fn_def.body = ast_parse_block(pc, token_index, true);
+    fn_proto->data.fn_proto.fn_def_node = node;
     return node;
 }
 
@@ -2193,7 +2194,7 @@ static AstNode *ast_parse_use(ParseContext *pc, size_t *token_index, VisibMod vi
     *token_index += 1;
 
     AstNode *node = ast_create_node(pc, NodeTypeUse, use_kw);
-    node->data.use.top_level_decl.visib_mod = visib_mod;
+    node->data.use.visib_mod = visib_mod;
     node->data.use.expr = ast_parse_expression(pc, token_index, true);
 
     ast_eat_token(pc, token_index, TokenIdSemicolon);
@@ -2227,7 +2228,7 @@ static AstNode *ast_parse_container_decl(ParseContext *pc, size_t *token_index,
     AstNode *node = ast_create_node(pc, NodeTypeContainerDecl, first_token);
     node->data.struct_decl.kind = kind;
     node->data.struct_decl.name = token_buf(struct_name);
-    node->data.struct_decl.top_level_decl.visib_mod = visib_mod;
+    node->data.struct_decl.visib_mod = visib_mod;
 
     Token *paren_or_brace = &pc->tokens->at(*token_index);
     if (paren_or_brace->id == TokenIdLParen) {
@@ -2281,7 +2282,7 @@ static AstNode *ast_parse_container_decl(ParseContext *pc, size_t *token_index,
             AstNode *field_node = ast_create_node(pc, NodeTypeStructField, token);
             *token_index += 1;
 
-            field_node->data.struct_field.top_level_decl.visib_mod = visib_mod;
+            field_node->data.struct_field.visib_mod = visib_mod;
             field_node->data.struct_field.name = token_buf(token);
 
             Token *expr_or_comma = &pc->tokens->at(*token_index);
@@ -2318,7 +2319,7 @@ static AstNode *ast_parse_error_value_decl(ParseContext *pc, size_t *token_index
     ast_eat_token(pc, token_index, TokenIdSemicolon);
 
     AstNode *node = ast_create_node(pc, NodeTypeErrorValueDecl, first_token);
-    node->data.error_value_decl.top_level_decl.visib_mod = visib_mod;
+    node->data.error_value_decl.visib_mod = visib_mod;
     node->data.error_value_decl.name = token_buf(name_tok);
 
     return node;
@@ -2344,7 +2345,7 @@ static AstNode *ast_parse_type_decl(ParseContext *pc, size_t *token_index, Visib
 
     ast_eat_token(pc, token_index, TokenIdSemicolon);
 
-    node->data.type_decl.top_level_decl.visib_mod = visib_mod;
+    node->data.type_decl.visib_mod = visib_mod;
 
     return node;
 }